In mid-February, 1950, the Spring Festival just passed, and Tao Zhiyue boarded a plane to Beijing under the commission of Wang Zhen and all the officers and soldiers of Xinjiang. As soon as the plane landed, Tao Zhiyue was invited by Chairman Mao to visit Zhongnanhai .
After a chat, Chairman Mao said to Tao Zhiyue: "Okay, it's OK, lunch time is up, let's have a chat while eating." Tao Zhiyue nodded and followed Chairman Mao to the dining table. Chairman Mao looked at the dishes in front of him and joked: "You have eaten my Mao Zedong's meal, and you have also eaten Chiang Kai-shek's 's rice. You can compare it!"
So what's going on? What is the profound meaning of what Chairman Mao said?
Tao Zhiyue
actively fights against Japan and escorts Communist Party members back to Yan'an
Tao Zhiyue's family is a famous landlord in Ningxiang, Hunan Province. It also owns a manor called "Huolongzhou". Therefore, Tao Zhiyue lives a wealthy life and does not know the sufferings of the world. Despite his good family background, Tao Zhiyue did not develop a proud and arrogant personality, but was humble and studious.
When Tao Zhiyue was 14 years old, she was admitted to Qiuzhong Middle School. Because the age gap between students in Qiuzhong Middle School is relatively large, there are many adults, and the school management is not very strict, Tao Zhiyue plays all day long. Tao Ganglan, an uncle who was a teacher at Hunan Army Primary School at that time, was worried that Tao Zhiyue would abandon his studies, so he suggested to Tao's father that he would go to Army Primary School to study.
However, Army Primary School is not so easy to enter. It needs to pass the pre-examination of each county before it is eligible to apply. However, Tao Zhiyue does not meet the requirements for the application. He had no choice but to lie that his father was farmed in Nanzhou Hall and obtained a document, which was why he was qualified to apply.
Things have been twists and turns. In the examination room, candidates from Nanzhou Hall reported that Tao Zhiyue used illegal means to obtain the qualification for the application. Fortunately, the school general office saw that he was handsome and had a good reputation, and insisted on handing out the test papers to him. In the end, Tao Zhiyue was admitted to the Army Primary School with a good grade of first place, which also became a key turning point in his life. From then on, he embarked on a military career.
1911, Tao Zhiyue learned that the Guangzhou Revolutionary Party was uprising in Huanghuagang, and was immediately inspired and decided to go to Wuchang to join the Army Middle School. After saying goodbye to his parents and wife, Tao Zhiyue came to Wuchang to be admitted to the Third Middle School of the Army. Less than two months after the start of school, the Wuchang Uprising broke out. Tao Zhiyue immediately picked up weapons with his classmates and joined the vigorous revolutionary team.
Not long after, Tao Zhiyue was incorporated into the guard of the Li Yuanhong Governor's Office, but unfortunately, with the disbandment of the troops, he also returned to his school in Wuhan to continue his studies in 1912. After the baptism of Revolution , Tao Zhiyue's thoughts were greatly improved and he also successfully joined Tongmenghui .
1914, Tao Zhiyue graduated from school and then received half a year of enlistment training in the army. During this period, he received a lot of cruel training, which was also the most difficult time he had ever experienced. In 1915, as soon as Tao Zhiyue joined the army, he was transferred to Baoding Army Officer School and continued his further studies; after graduating in 1916, he returned to Changsha, and worked as a staff clerk in the Hunan Provincial Governor's Office.
1917, Tao Zhiyue was ordered to train the "Guozi Battalion" recruited from the Green Forest. For this difficult-to-task force, he planned to start from both emotions and principles. Tao Zhiyue moved him with emotion and reason, which eventually turned this "bandit" unit into a disciplined team, and he also won unanimous praise from the officers and soldiers. After
, the "Guozi Camp" performed well in the battle to expel Hunan warlords Zhang Jingyao . Not only did he win, he also showed super combat effectiveness and good discipline. Tao Zhiyue was also promoted to battalion commander of the independent engineer battalion because of his outstanding command.
1926, Tao Zhiyue served as the commander of the Independent 2nd Division of the National Revolutionary Army. After the Independent 2nd Division swore to the Northern Expedition , he took on the main offensive task and cooperated with other troops of the Northern Expedition Army to recover Jiangxi in one fell swoop. In 1927, the 2nd Independent Division came to Anhui. They won the fierce battle in Dangtu and regained Nanjing with their brothers. Tao Zhiyue was promoted to major general division commander.
In April of the same year, Tao Zhiyue joined the Kuomintang under the introduction of He Yaozu; in 1928, after the Kuomintang troops were unified and reorganized, Tao Zhiyue served as the lieutenant general commander of the 3rd Division of the 40th Army; in May, Tao Zhiyue led his troops to Jinan, Shandong.
At the same time, the Japanese army created the "Jinan Massacre" that shocked China and the world. Because Chiang Kai-shek repeatedly ordered that no one could fight the Japanese army, the 7th Regiment under Tao Zhiyue was disarmed by the Japanese army and the commander He Yaozu was dismissed. Although Tao Zhiyue was not punished, he saw clearly Chiang Kai-shek's face of disregarding national and national dignity and willing to be humiliated because of this incident. He felt that this tragedy was the greatest shame in his life.
After the outbreak of the full-scale war of resistance in 1937, Tao Zhiyue served as the commander of the 8th Division of the Kuomintang and then led his troops to reinforce Shanghai. Near Yunzaobang, Tao Zhiyue led his troops to fight with the Japanese army and defeated the defending enemy here in one fell swoop. The Japanese army was unwilling to accept the defeat and immediately sent an air force to launch a more fierce attack. Although the troops of the enemy and us were very different, Tao Zhiyue still led his troops to resist tenaciously and held his position for a full 21 days. He also won the reputation of "a famous anti-Japanese general."
1938, Tao Zhiyue was transferred to the Shaanxi River Defense Force and served as Lieutenant General Commander of the 1st Army of the Kuomintang and Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the 34th Army. Although Tao Zhiyue holds so many positions, he actually has no real power, and all the power is in the hands of Hu Zongnan .
In April 1946, Zhang Zhizhong served as the director of the Northwest Terminal Chairman of the Kuomintang Military Commission, and appointed Tao Zhiyue as the commander-in-chief of Xinjiang Security, mainly responsible for maintaining local order. Everyone knows that Zhang Zhizhong is a famous patriotic general. He has maintained good relations with the Communist Party for a long time and has gone to Yan'an three times.
During this period, Tao Zhiyue was deeply influenced by Zhang Zhizhong and actively supported his political propositions of peace. When the Kuomintang and the Communist Party negotiated again, Chairman Mao and Zhou Enlai made a request to Chiang Kai-shek to release all detained Communist Party members and patriots, and Chiang Kai-shek was forced to agree.
Immediately afterwards, Zhou Enlai asked Lieutenant Zhang Zhi to escort the Communist Party members who were imprisoned by Sheng Shicai back to Yan'an. However, since Zhang Zhizhong had important things to do, he had to hand over this task to Tao Zhiyue. After some thought, Tao Zhiyue selected his confidant Liu Yazhe to be responsible for the escort. This is the first time Tao Zhiyue has served the Communists, and therefore has been praised by the central government and people from all walks of life. Tao Zhiyue's thoughts have also undergone a great change...
Xinjiang Peace Uprising
In May 1949, Tao Zhiyue learned about the CCP’s instigation of the Xinjiang Uprising, but he did not express his opinion. Although Tao Zhiyue was not Chiang Kai-shek's direct line and had no real power in the army, he was promoted from a lower-level officer to his current position step by step. Therefore, if he wanted to break with Chiang Kai-shek at this time, he would be unable to do so.
The most important thing is that Tao Zhiyue's wife and second daughter are in Chongqing, but the son and eldest daughter have been forced to go to Taiwan. If he revolt, what will the Kuomintang treat them? Wouldn't you take revenge?
Furthermore, although Tao Zhiyue is the head of Xinjiang military, he has no direct relationship with Xinjiang troops. Among the troops in Xinjiang, some are the reorganized cavalry divisions of Ma Bufang , while the rest are Hu Zongnan's reorganized 78th and 42nd Divisions.
June 7, Tao Zhiyue took advantage of the opportunity to report his work to Lanzhou to Ma Bufang, the new "Northwest Military and Political Office" and went to Chongqing to visit his family. He lost visiting his family on the surface, but in fact he was observing the current situation. On July 22, after Tao Zhiyue returned to Xinjiang Dihua , he believed that the Kuomintang had no future and that it would be ineffective if he resisted again, so he gradually leaned towards peace.
On July 23, Tao Zhiyue held a press conference and announced: "In Xinjiang, it is necessary to implement the policies originally formulated by Lieutenant General Zhang Zhi, enhance Sino-Soviet relations externally, and achieve national equality internally. Only in this way can peace in Xinjiang be ensured."
At a critical moment in Chinese history, Tao Zhiyue chose to return to the right path for the people and began the planning of a peaceful uprising.
htmlOn July 25, Tao Zhiyue presided over the meeting in Dihua. Most of the participating parties were the Kuomintang generals stationed in Xinjiang, with more than 200 people.Xinjiang Provincial Chairman Bao Erhan Shahdra also attended the meeting. He said at the meeting: "I don't want to be a sinner of China, and I don't want to be a sinner of the people of Xinjiang."From the end of July to early August, Tao Zhiyue and Bao Erhan went to Nanshan in the name of "summer escape" and exchanged their opinions on the situation in Xinjiang here. Immediately afterwards, both sides agreed to a peaceful uprising and agreed on relevant matters of the peaceful uprising.
htmlOn August 19, Tao Zhiyue invited Zhao Xiguang, who was stationed in Kashgar , to meet in the name of checking weapons. After some conversation, the two reached an agreement on the deployment of the peaceful uprising and made three rules:First, Tao Zhiyue is responsible for the northern border, and Zhao Xiguang is responsible for the southern border, to maintain local public order and wait for the best time for the uprising;
Second, hand over the army to the People's Liberation Army soldiers in the future, and the troops cannot be adapted under the interference of the three zones when the changes are made, after all, there are ethnic issues;
Third, after handing over the troops, Tao Zhiyue and Zhao Xiguang are dismissed and returned to the fields, and no longer care about it.
Considering that Gansu Jiuquan is the gateway to Xinjiang, Tao Zhiyue also maintains close ties with the patriotic Kuomintang generals stationed in Lanzhou to seek their support for the peaceful uprising in Xinjiang.
During the People's Liberation Army's liberation of Lanzhou, the Kuomintang's "anti-communist" elements, Ma Chengxiang, , Ye Cheng and others, were ordered by Ma Bufang, proposed to transfer the troops to the pass to fight. But this request was opposed by Tao Zhiyue. He said: "I don't object to you insist on entering the customs, but I must never leave. There are still many military and political deployments here, so I can't leave them!"
But it's a pity that Ma Chengxiang insisted on entering the customs. But surprisingly, when Ma Chengxiang's troops arrived in the eastern suburbs of Dihua, they suddenly received news of the liberation of Lanzhou, and he immediately ordered the troops to return to their original place.
Ma Bufang
As time goes by, Lanzhou, Xining and other places have been liberated one after another, and Ma Bufang's forces entrenched in Xinjiang have been almost wiped out by the People's Liberation Army. At this time, the Kuomintang Xinjiang troops had no way out, and coupled with the difficulty of transportation, their morale was particularly low, and no one was willing to fight again. At the same time, the people of Xinjiang are eager for liberation, and progressive organizations have also advised the Kuomintang's Xinjiang troops to surrender as soon as possible.
Under this circumstance, Tao Zhiyue and Bao Erhan decided to show up with a very small number of militants and openly planned the peaceful uprising.
htmlOn August 31, Tao Zhiyue presided over a meeting to discuss what to do next in Xinjiang. Under the current situation, militants such as Ma Chengxiang and Ye Cheng also agreed to a peaceful uprising and left Xinjiang.In the early morning of September 25, with Ma Chengxiang and others leaving, Tao Zhiyue immediately held an emergency meeting and announced personnel orders to prevent accidents. On that afternoon, Tao Zhiyue sent an uprising to Chairman Mao, Zhu De and others:
"From now on, we will cut off relations with the Guangzhou government, and sincerely accept Chairman Mao's eight peaceful lives and the domestic peace agreement , and the entire army will be stationed in the original defense..."
On September 26, Bao Erhan also sent an uprising to Chairman Mao and others: "Reorganize the 'provincial government' into the provisional people's government of Xinjiang Province, and all follow the orders of the Central People's Government afterwards."
On September 28, Chairman Mao and Commander-in-Chief Zhu replied: "We think your position is correct, and this attitude is in line with the wishes of the people of the whole country, and we are very pleased..." From then on, Xinjiang has completely ushered in peaceful liberation.
On October 12, the Chinese People's Liberation Army marched into Xinjiang and entered Dihua, the capital of Xinjiang Province on the 20th. On November 7, Wang Zhen and others arrived in Dihua and were warmly welcomed by Tao Zhiyue and others.
Chairman Mao: How does my meal compare to Chiang Kai-shek’s?
In mid-February, Tao Zhiyue boarded the plane to Beijing. On the plane, he was particularly excited: he was about to set foot on the ancient and young land of Beijing, and he was about to meet Chairman Mao, the leader of the Chinese people. This is the most exciting thing in my life!
At the same time, Chairman Mao had just finished his work overnight and was about to go out for a walk, but unexpectedly he met Peng Dehuai.Chairman Mao smiled and said to Peng Dehuai: "Since the establishment of the 20th Corps, I heard that the work has been done well. Commander Tao Zhiyue is also on the way to Beijing. At that time, I will listen carefully to his opinions on the work of the Xinjiang troops."
Peng Dehuai said: "Chairman, Commander Tao has made great contributions to the peaceful liberation of Xinjiang. This time he came to Beijing to report on his work, don't forget to invite him to a meal of braised pork !" Chairman Mao laughed and said: "You, don't worry, I'll treat him to my favorite braised pork!"
Chairman Mao
Not long after, Tao Zhiyue's plane landed at the Beijing Airport, and Chairman Mao hurriedly sent someone to invite him into Zhongnanhai. As soon as Tao Zhiyue arrived at the gate of Zhongnanhai, he saw Chairman Mao's figure. He didn't have time to think about it and immediately walked up to him and held Chairman Mao's hands tightly.
Chairman Mao smiled and said, "It's General Tao Zhiyue, right? I heard you are coming, so I'm here to wait! Come on, come with me, it's cold outside." Tao Zhiyue quickly replied, "When I say to Chairman, I'm Tao Zhiyue! Chairman, are you in good health?"
Chairman Mao nodded and said happily: "Okay, okay, I'm happy when you come, I've been waiting for you for a long time!" Chairman Mao spoke Hunan dialect, which also made Tao Zhiyue, who is also a Hunanese, very excited and friendly.
After the two sat down, Chairman Mao first looked up and down at each other, and then said, "I remember you are from Xianfeng Township, Ningxiang? I know this place. When I go to Ningxiang and Yiyang , I don't know how many times have passed!"
Chairman Mao said this, Tao Zhiyue felt much more relaxed, and then said, "Chairman, your accent has not changed!" "Hahaha, Hunan dialect is relatively stubborn, and I can't change it no matter how you change it. By the way, how is the situation in Xinjiang?" Chairman Mao asked.
Tao Zhiyue answered seriously: "With the effective guidance of the People's Liberation Army, the Communist Party and Comrade Wang Zhen, the work in Xinjiang is quite acceptable. As for me, I want to learn more from Wang Zhen and the others!"
Hearing Tao Zhiyue's humble answer, Chairman Mao said: "You are a meritorious minister, and you have made contributions to the liberation of Xinjiang and the people of the whole country. We Chinese people will not forget you, I, Mao Zedong, and more. I will never forget you! "
Tao Zhiyue hurriedly said, "Chairman, you are serious, I have done nothing. This time I came to Beijing to report to the Party Central Committee on behalf of Comrade Wang Zhen and all the officers and soldiers of Xinjiang. I also asked the Chairman to provide more guidance!"
Then Tao Zhiyue reported to Chairman Mao about the situation and development in Xinjiang. Chairman Mao nodded repeatedly and expressed satisfaction. Time gradually passed during the conversation. When Chairman Mao saw that the time for lunch was up, he said to Tao Zhiyue: "Okay, okay, let's talk about it first. The time for dinner is up. We can eat and chat!"
This is a very ordinary meal, but it is worth noting that almost all of them are Hunan-style dishes, which also touched Tao Zhiyue very much. When Chairman Mao and Tao Zhiyue were having dinner, they were like receiving old friends for many years. He said, "I am from Hunan, you are from Hunan, and we sit together to match the taste." After that, he picked up a chopstick for Tao Zhiyue.
Tao Zhiyue looked at the braised pork in the bowl, and then looked at Chairman Mao's concerned eyes. He couldn't help but remember the scene when Chiang Kai-shek met him before...
1930, Tao Zhiyue was only a major general in the Kuomintang. He was neither a student of the Whampoa Military Academy nor a direct army, so he had almost no chance to meet Chiang Kai-shek. Unexpectedly, he suddenly received news that day that Principal Jiang was going to meet him.
Chiang Kai-shek
Along the way, Tao Zhiyue was particularly nervous: Did I do something wrong? Principal Jiang wants to punish me? Until he was taken to Chiang Kai-shek's special train, he still couldn't let go of his worries.
As soon as Tao Zhiyue saw Chiang Kai-shek, he hurriedly greeted him: "Hello Commander-in-Chief!" Chiang Kai-shek nodded without saying anything, but just let out two "Yeah, um" from his nose.
Chiang Kai-shek looked Tao Zhiyue up and down with a cold look, and then asked him, "Are you Tao Zhiyue?" Tao Zhiyue quickly stood at attention and replied, "Yes!"
Chiang Kai-shek continued to ask, "You graduated from Baoding Military Academy ?" Tao Zhiyue nodded again and replied, "Yes!"
Chiang Kai-shek became a little aggressive: "Why didn't you come to Whampoa Military Academy?" Tao Zhiyue was asked by Chiang Kai-shek, and then said, "Whampoa Military Academy is in the Whampoa Military Academy." Many instructors graduated from Baoding School. "
Chiang Kai-shek no longer expressed his opinion, but said: "Now is the time to hire people, you can do it well!" Tao Zhiyue replied: "Yes!"
Before Tao Zhiyue could react, Chiang Kai-shek stretched out his white glove-wearing right hand, shook it with Tao Zhiyue casually, and said: "That's it, you can come to me if you have anything to do in the future." This was the only time Tao Zhiyue met Chiang Kai-shek alone, but Chiang Kai-shek's arrogant attitude was unforgettable for him.
When I returned to my dinner with Chairman Mao, Tao Zhiyue realized that Chairman Mao’s meals were really different from Chiang Kai-shek’s meals.
Tao Zhiyue always sighed when recalling this day:
html joined the party at the age of 790"The Kuomintang is full of intrigues all day long. You framed me and I framed you, so I can't make a sincere friend. But it's different within the Communist Party. Comrades get along with each other in a friendly manner and treat each other with sincerity. Only in this way can we find sincere friends!"
1954, in accordance with the orders of Chairman Mao and the Central Military Commission, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps was officially established, and Tao Zhiyue served as the commander of Xinjiang Military Region Production and Construction Corps . The Corps will fulfill the historical mission of "production team, work team, and combat team", take root in Xinjiang for a long time, and guard and build the frontier for generations.
When Tao Zhiyue learned the news, he said excitedly: "It's great, it's great!" From then on, 100,000 soldiers had a home, and Tao Zhiyue also led them to learn new knowledge, build new Xinjiang, and defend new Xinjiang.
Since the peaceful liberation of Xinjiang, Tao Zhiyue has been fully utilized under the leadership and help of our party, and his personality has been fully respected.
As time goes by, Tao Zhiyue feels more and more that there is a sharp contrast between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. The Kuomintang is selfish and profit-oriented; within the Communist Party, they live in peace and serve the people. Therefore, Tao Zhiyue's feelings for our party gradually deepened, and he was eager to become a pioneer warrior of communism.
In fact, as early as the peaceful uprising in Xinjiang at the end of 1949 and 1952, Comrade Wang Zhen talked with Tao Zhiyue twice about his organizational issues.
In July 1952, Wang Zhen found Tao Zhiyue and said to him: "Comrade Tao Zhiyue, now you are our comrade. Can you apply to the organization to join the Communist Party?" Tao Zhiyue was a little excited when he heard Wang Zhen's words, and for a moment he couldn't even say anything.
It was not until a long time later that Tao Zhiyue lowered his head and said, "Comrade Wang Zhen, I dreamed of joining the Communist Party, but before..." It turned out that deep in Tao Zhiyue's heart, he always felt that he was very inferior, after all, he was a general of the Kuomintang. He believes that his transformation has not been long enough, and it is somewhat different from the requirements and standards of the Party.
It was not until 1965 that Tao Zhiyue, who had fought side by side with the Communist Party for 16 years, mustered up the courage to submit an application for to the party organization . But unfortunately, due to environmental factors at that time, his application for joining the party was shelved.
1970, Tao Zhiyue resigned and settled in Changsha. In December 1979, he was elected as deputy director of the Standing Committee of the 5th People's Congress of Hunan Province. In May 11982, Tao Zhiyue submitted an application to the party organization again at the age of 90. This time, with the approval of the Party Central Committee and the Central Military Commission, he successfully joined the Communist Party.
It is worth mentioning that in Tao Zhiyue's application for joining the party, he once wrote this passage:
"The greatest happiness in life is the pursuit of lofty ideals and the practice that is beneficial to the cause of social progress..."
On December 26, 1988, Tao Zhiyue died six years after joining the Communist Party at the age of 97.
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