In film and television dramas, we often see such scenes: when a minister does something illegal or makes the emperor angry, the emperor will roar, "Take it out and kill the nine clans!" And how many people in history are truly from the nine clans?

In film and television dramas, we often see such scenes: when a minister does something illegal or makes the emperor angry, the emperor will roar, "Take it out and kill the nine clans!" And how many people in history are truly from the nine clans?

In ancient China, the concept of family was very clear. The "Nine Clans" are from Emperor Gaozu to Great-grandson, namely great-grandson, great-grandson, and grandson (in ancient times, it was called the eighth generation grandson of the lower eighth generation grandson), son, body, father, grandfather, great-grandson, and great-grandson.

Another saying is that the nine clans include the fourth father tribe, the third mother tribe, and the second wife tribe. The fourth father tribe refers to the son of the aunt (child of the aunt), the son of the sister (nephew), the son of the daughter (grandson), and the same clan of oneself (parents, brothers, sisters, and children); the third mother tribe refers to the father-in-law (grandfather), the mother-in-law (grandmother), and the son of the subordinate mother (child of the aunt); the second wife tribe refers to the father-in-law and mother-in-law.

So, punishes nine clans , such punishment includes the married daughter. Because it is a daughter's family, it naturally includes the son-in-law, and even the daughter's children will be implicated.

The predecessor of the "killing the nine clans" mentioned by later emperors was the "three clans of Yi" introduced by Shang Yang.

The first person in history to be killed by nine clans: Yang Xuangan

Yang Xuangan This person may be a bit unfamiliar with everyone, but his father is the famous Yang Su. He is the founding hero of of the Sui Dynasty and is the core of Guanlong Group The representative of Hongnong Yang family . Before became emperor, he secretly surrendered to Yang Jian. In the end, the leader Yang Jian instigated the throne of Northern Zhou . Because of his father, he was awarded the position of as the pillar country, and was very popular for a while. However, over time, Emperor Wen of Sui felt that it was a bit too much, so Yang Xuangan was demoted to one level. Later, after Yang Xuangan was transferred to the local area, he arranged a lot of his own people to supervise the local administration, making the local area more peaceful. Later, because his father passed away, he had to leave his post and go home to mourn. After the filial piety period, he inherited his father's rank of Duke of Chu and was promoted to the Minister of Rites.

After being promoted to office, Yang Xuangan became more and more proud. He felt that the court was full of his father's subordinates and his old friends, so he began to win over his snobbery. When Yang Guang went to the second expedition in 613, he arranged for Yang Xuangan to escort food and grass. At this time, the Sui Dynasty was already in a state of turmoil. Many uprisings broke out everywhere, and peasant uprisings were everywhere. Yang Xuangan believed that this was a good time to raise an army, so he no longer provided food and grass to the front line and prepared to cut off the supply of Yang Guang's troops. Even if an envoy came to urge grain, he vaguely said: There were thieves on the water road and did not dare to transport grain.

But he obviously underestimated Yang Guang's strength. Yang Guang was forced to withdraw his troops in the front line with food shortage. The first thing was to deal with Yang Xuangan. He sent Fan Zigai to attack Yang Xuangan's military camp, which made Yang Xuangan lose several times a day. Yang Xuangan, who had no way out, knew that he had no chance of turning around again, so he asked his younger brother Yang Jishan to send him a ride to avoid being humiliated by the enemy.

Yang Guang has always been suspicious, which made Emperor Yang of Sui deeply hate Yang Xuangan. Seeing that he was dead, he was not relieved. He also cut Yang Xuangan's body into small pieces for three days, put it into fire and burned it into ashes, and then killed his nine clans, changing his surname to "小" to warn the people in the world who are ready to move.

Yang Xuangan was killed by nine clans:

"Tang Liudian Notes": Emperor Yang "In the late years, he was strict in life and death, and he no longer followed the rules. Yang Xuangan rebelled, killed nine clans, and then broke up and owled their heads, and shot them."

This made Yang Xuangan the only person who was clearly recorded by history and was executed.

During the period when Emperor Yang of Sui ruled Goguryeo, the eldest son of Situ Yang Su, Yang Xuangan, rebelled, but the rebellion failed. Yang Xuangan was afraid of being tortured, so he asked his younger brother to kill him. After that, Emperor Yang of Sui did not let Yang Xuangan go. Yang Xuangan was dismembered after his death. Not only that, his family was also implicated and implicated in the nine tribes.

The second person in history to be executed by nine clans: Fang Xiaoru

Fang Xiaoru was very alert and agile when he was young, with bright eyes, and reading more than an inch thick every day. The villagers called him "Little Han Yu".After adulthood, he studied with Song Lian , and the well-known literati among Song Lian's disciples were not as good as him.

In fact, strictly speaking, Fang Xiaoru cannot be considered as being executed by the nine clans because he was executed by the ten clans.

YanwangZhu Di raised an army south, and the court agreed to fight, and the edicts and manifestos were all written by Fang Xiaoru.

When Zhu Di led his army from Beiping , Yao Guangxiao entrusted Fang Xiaoru to Zhu Di and said, "On the day when Nanjing City is captured, he will definitely not surrender, and hope not to kill him. If Fang Xiaoru is killed, the seeds of studying in the world will be extinct." Zhu Di nodded in agreement. After refusing to draft an edict for the throne for the King of Yan Zhu Di who launched the " Jingnan Campaign ", Fang Xiaoru remained unyielding.

Zhu Di threatened, "Are you afraid of me killing your nine clans?" Fang Xiaoru said, "You are not afraid of killing my ten clans!" Zhu Di was angry by Fang Xiaoru and really ordered people to kill Fang Xiaoru's ten clans. In addition to the nine clans, he also wrote his "disciple" in it. In the end, a total of 873 people were killed.

After adulthood, he studied with Song Lian , and the well-known literati among Song Lian's disciples were not as good as him.

In fact, strictly speaking, Fang Xiaoru cannot be considered as being executed by the nine clans because he was executed by the ten clans.

YanwangZhu Di raised an army south, and the court agreed to fight, and the edicts and manifestos were all written by Fang Xiaoru.

When Zhu Di led his army from Beiping , Yao Guangxiao entrusted Fang Xiaoru to Zhu Di and said, "On the day when Nanjing City is captured, he will definitely not surrender, and hope not to kill him. If Fang Xiaoru is killed, the seeds of studying in the world will be extinct." Zhu Di nodded in agreement. After refusing to draft an edict for the throne for the King of Yan Zhu Di who launched the " Jingnan Campaign ", Fang Xiaoru remained unyielding.

Zhu Di threatened, "Are you afraid of me killing your nine clans?" Fang Xiaoru said, "You are not afraid of killing my ten clans!" Zhu Di was angry by Fang Xiaoru and really ordered people to kill Fang Xiaoru's ten clans. In addition to the nine clans, he also wrote his "disciple" in it. In the end, a total of 873 people were killed.