Before the United States, Britain was the world's number one power. Its territory is as high as 35.5 million square kilometers and its population is 413 million. It is a veritable "Empire that the Sun Will Not Set". It was at its peak and declined. With the resistance and independence of colonies in various places, and the heavy blows in World War 1 and World War 2, Britain declined, and the huge colonial empire he established collapsed. In this process, the UK gave up more than 30 million square kilometers of land including British Australia and British India, but why did it refuse to give up the Horse Island, which is only 12,000 square kilometers?
18-1840s, the first industrial revolution of occurred in the UK, , which turned Britain from an agricultural country to an industrial country and quickly became stronger. Subsequently, Britain defeated Spain's " Invincible Armada " and replaced him as the new maritime overlord.
After Britain became the world's number one power, it embarked on the road of foreign aggression and expansion, turning many regions in the world, including today's Canada, India, Australia, South Africa and other places into its own overseas colonies, making Britain an empire with territory spread all over the world. In the late 1860s, the capitalist country of The Second Industrial Revolution appeared in . The United States, France, Germany, Japan, Russia and other countries rose in the Second Industrial Revolution and entered the imperialist stage.
The rising new power in Europe, Germany, was not satisfied with the world order controlled by Britain and France, and wanted to re-divid the cake, so it launched the first, World War II . Britain won two major wars in a difficult situation, but it also damaged its vitality. After World War II, Britain, whose strength declined, was unable to prevent colonies such as India from independence and had to choose to give up. The British colonies were forced or voluntarily abandoned by more than 30 million square kilometers. Horse Island is thousands of miles away from the UK, only 12,000 square kilometers. Why does the UK refuse to give up on it?
Horse Island is an archipelago located in the South Atlantic Ocean. It consists of East Falkland Island, West Falkland Island and 776 small islands with an area of 12,200 square kilometers. The island of Cambodia is only 500 kilometers away from the South American country Argentina , and 13,000 square kilometers away from the United Kingdom in Europe.
Both Britain and Argentina claim that the island of Cambodia is their own territory. After World War II, British colonies separated from Britain and became independent, but the British believed that the Falklands were their own territory, not colonies, and they were unwilling to return the Falklands to Argentina, which made the Argentines very angry.
In 1981, Argentina's domestic inflation rate reached more than 600%, GDP fell by 11.4%, manufacturing output fell by 22.9%, but wage growth was only 19.2%. Argentina's economy is in trouble and people are living in a difficult situation. In order to express dissatisfaction with the Galtieri government, large-scale strike protests broke out in Argentina. Galtieri's position as president is in jeopardy.
Galtiri is not able to solve the increasingly serious economic problems in the country, so he decided to divert the conflict and focus on the disputed territory of Horse Island. At first, Galtieri wanted to use diplomatic means to return to Malay Island, but Britain refused to return it, and diplomatic negotiations between the two countries broke down.
On March 19, 1982, the Argentine authorities hired merchants to forcibly land on South Georgia Island , located 1390 kilometers east of the island of Cambodia, and then established a camp on the island, raised the Argentine flag, and declared sovereignty. Subsequently, Argentina sent soldiers to the island and occupied South Georgia. On April 2, 1982, Argentine President Galtieri ordered troops to capture the Cavaliers Island, and the Cavaliers Island War officially broke out.
Only 200 British troops were stationed on Horse Island. Argentina sent aircraft carrier battle group and special mixed fleet, as well as a 4,000-person landing force to launch an attack on the island of Mahara. After the defenders on the island resisted symbolically, they surrendered to the Argentina and the island fell into the hands of Argentina.
After the UK learned of this, the whole country was shocked, and then this shock turned into anger. After World War II, although Britain declined, they were not as weak as a "weak country" like Argentina to bully arbitrarily. Britain announced a severance of diplomatic relations with Argentina.In a very short time, Mrs. Chel formed a special mixed fleet consisting of "Sports God" and "Invincible" two aircraft carriers, , two nuclear-powered submarines, forty-three Royal Navy warships, twenty-two logistics ships and sixty-two requisitioned civilian merchant ships, carrying 5,600 Marines, 22 Harrier fighters and 45 helicopters to the Ma Island.
In order to prevent the British army, Argentina successively increased its troops, deployed 13,000 troops on the Cavaliers Island and built a large number of fortifications, making preparations for war. Argentina's military strength is not as strong as the British army, but they are fighting locally, and the British army is 13,000 square kilometers away from the Cambridge Island, making logistics supply difficult. Argentina firmly believes that as long as they drag the war into a protracted war, they can drag down the British army and win the war.
After the British special mixed fleet arrived in the waters of the island of Marx, it quickly recovered South Georgia. Subsequently, the British fleet blocked the waters of the Horse Island, cut off the logistics supplies of the Afghan army on the Horse Island, and put the 13,000 Afghan army on the Horse Island in a difficult situation. Argentine Navy is not as strong as the British army, and when fighting with the British army, they are always at a disadvantage. On May 2, 1982, after the Argentina's General Belgrano cruiser was sunk by the British Navy , the Argentina Navy was timid and hid in the port and dared not go out to sea, so it handed over the control of the sea to the British army.
The performance of the Argentine Navy was disappointing, but the Air Force was very heroic. Argentina pilots took risks to enter the British fleet's air defense circle and attacked the British fleet many times, regardless of their personal safety. The most advanced missile destroyer, the "Sheffield", has 3 destroyers and 7 frigate , which were injured or sunk by Argentine Air Force . The Argentine Air Force also suffered heavy losses and 107 were destroyed.
There are 5 flying fish missiles in the Argentine air, but they sank the British destroyer Sheffield and the Atlantic Transporter transport ship, as well as injured a frigate. Argentina originally purchased 15 flying fish missiles from France, but before the outbreak of the Cambridge War, France only delivered 5 flying fish missiles. After the war broke out, France imposed an arms embargo on Argentina and refused to deliver the remaining flying fish missiles and other weapons to Argentina, otherwise the UK would pay a heavier price. The United States provided intelligence and logistical support to the British army.
Argentina's 13,000 island-guarding soldiers were severely frustrated after being cut off from logistics supplies by the British army.
When the British army attacked the island on a large scale, the Afghan army quickly put down their weapons and surrendered to the British army, and eventually as many as 9,800 people were captured. The island of Maharaja returned to the hands of the British.
During the Horse Island War, Britain invested more than 35,000 troops, 118 ships of various types, totaling more than 1 million tons, including 2 aircraft carrier and 4 nuclear submarine , 340 aircraft of various types, including 120 combat aircraft. Six ships in the UK were sunk, 12 ships were injured, 10 aircraft and 24 helicopters were shot down, 258 people were killed, 775 people were injured, and 200 people were captured.
Argentina's troops participated in the war were nearly 70,000, with 22 ships and 370 aircraft. A total of 5 ships in Argentina were sunk, 6 ships were injured, 107 aircraft and 10 helicopters were destroyed, 649 others were killed, 1,068 were injured, and 9,800 were captured by the British army.
The Horse Island War lasted for 74 days, ending with Argentina's defeat and the Horse Island fell into the hands of Britain. Now, the island of Falkland is controlled by Britain.
Who exactly does Horse Island belong to?
The Island of Cambodia is only 500 kilometers away from Argentina, but there is no data to prove that the Island of Cambodia was first discovered by the Argentine and is under the jurisdiction of Argentina.
1592, British navigator Davis discovered the Island of Horse in the South Atlantic Ocean. Around 1600, Dutch Weld also came to Cambodia. In 1764, French navigator Bougainville established a settlement on East Falkland Island. In 1765, the first British people came to settle in the island of Cambodia. In 1770, when Spain came to the Cambridge Island, British and French had already settled on the Cambridge Island. Spain drove the British out of the island of Horse. In 1767, the Spanish bought the property rights of the settlement from the French and occupied the Cabernet Island alone.
1771, Britain took back the outpost of West Falkland from Spain with the threat of launching a war. In 1774, due to economic reasons, the British left the Falklands, but the British did not give up their claim to the Falklands sovereignty. The Spanish settlement in East Falkland was maintained until 1811. Argentina was a Spanish colony when countries such as Britain, France and Spain competed for the island of Horse.
1816 After Argentina separated from Spain and became independent, it declared that the Spanish colony of the Cavaliers was Argentina's territory and sent officials to take charge of the Cavaliers. In early 1833, the British expelled Argentine officials from the Horse Island and began to take charge of the Horse Island. In the early 19th century, Britain was at its peak. Although the Argentines were angry, they did not dare to have conflicts with Britain and could only give up the island of Marx.
After World War II, Argentina wanted to return to the Cambridge Island, but the British believed that the Cambridge Island was the first discovered by the British, and most of the residents on the island were British. It is British territory, not a colony, and it is unwilling to be returned to Argentina. To this day, Argentina and Britain are still competing for the Island of Horse.
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