- Preface
As we all know, Chairman Mao has rarely participated in other people's private affairs, but he has made an example many times in front of "Peace General" Zhang Zhizhong.
According to records, Chairman Mao had "collected debts" from Jiang Weiqing twice for Zhang Zhizhong.
first came in 1949. After learning that Jiang Weiqing owed Zhang Zhizhong 2,000 yuan, Chairman Mao said seriously: "From now on, Jiang Weiqing will repay the capital and profits, and the witness Mao Zedong." The second time was in 1958. This time, Chairman Mao came up and asked directly: Have you returned the money to General Wen Bai?
What's going on? Why did Jiang Weiqing owe Zhang Zhizhong money? How did Chairman Mao "collect debts" for Zhang Zhizhong? What kind of good stories does Chairman Mao and Zhang Zhizhong have?
- [The intersection of Zhang Zhizhong and our party]
- [The origin of the loan of two thousand yuan]
- [Glorious example of mutual understanding]
- [Conclusion]
Seeing the beginning, the author believes that some readers will have this question: Isn’t Zhang Zhizhong a senior general of the Kuomintang? He was also a "confidential official" and a "powerful general" of Chiang Kai-shek . How could he have had a good relationship with Chairman Mao later?
In fact, Zhang Zhizhong not only has the reputation of "General Peace", but also the only general among the many senior Kuomintang generals who hold heavy troops but never leads troops to fight against the Communist Party during the War of Liberation.
What's going on? Don't worry, let's start from scratch.
61890, Zhang Zhizhong was born in an ordinary peasant family in Chao County, Anhui Province. Out of disgust and hatred for the situation at that time, Zhang Zhizhong entered the Whampoa Army with his outstanding talents and began his military career since then.
While studying at Whampoa Military Academy , Zhang Zhizhong was deeply appreciated by Chiang Kai-shek for his resourceful mind and strict self-discipline. By 1925, 35-year-old Zhang Zhizhong was promoted to deputy chief of the Kuomintang headquarters and became a celebrity around Chiang Kai-shek. During the Revolution, although Zhang Zhizhong had always followed Chiang Kai-shek, he had always maintained friendly relations with the Communist Party of China. His personal relationship with Zhou Enlai and others, the senior leaders of our party, was never interrupted, and he was always at peace in the relationship between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party.
Even though the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party broke down later, Zhang Zhizhong never became hostile to the CCP. He held heavy troops, but he was unwilling to fight the civil war in . He even disobeyed Chiang Kai-shek's orders many times and bluntly advised Chiang to "benefit the most important thing in the country." During the Anti-Japanese War, Zhang Zhizhong repeatedly emphasized within the national army that the enemy must be put first and maintain the anti-Japanese national united front, rather than extending a sinful hand for his own selfish interests.
It can be said that Zhang Zhizhong was one of the few generals of the National Army who actively lived in peace and cooperated with our party at that time. It is precisely because of this that Zhang Zhizhong had personal relationships with many central leaders of our party, including Chairman Mao, Zhou Enlai and others.
For this, for a long time, Chiang Kai-shek developed distrust of Zhang Zhizhong and arranged for Dai Li to collect evidence of Zhang Zhizhongtong. However, after investigation, Dai Li not only did not find any of Zhang Zhizhong's "bad record", but also learned that although Zhang Zhizhong held high power, he never formed cliques or used his power for personal gain.
Such a loyal and frank person was a clear stream among the many generals of the National Army at that time, so Chiang Kai-shek once again entrusted him with great responsibility.
During the Chongqing negotiations in 1945, in order to promote peace talks between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and protect Chairman Mao's personal safety, Zhang Zhizhong accompanied him many times, creating the story of "Three Arrivals in Yan'an".
The first time was on August 27, 1945.
At that time, Zhang Zhizhong went to Yan'an to receive Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and others to Chongqing. During this period, Zhang Zhizhong did a lot of work to protect Chairman Mao’s safety.
In Chongqing, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and others were arranged to live in the Hongyan Eighth Route Army Office. Zhang Zhizhong considered that Hongyan was located in the suburbs and was inconvenient to communicate with people from all walks of life, so he took the initiative to vacate his home in the " Guiyuan " for Mao Zedong's use, and his family moved to a private house in the suburbs. For safety reasons, in addition to increasing the security forces, Zhang Zhizhong also arranged for his own staff to be responsible for Chairman Mao’s life in person and did not allow any outsiders to interfere.
the second time was on October 11 of the same year.
After reaching an agreement between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, after signing the " Double Ten Agreement ", on October 11, Zhang Zhizhong personally accompanied Mao Zedong to Yan'an. And this is Zhang Zhizhong's second trip to Yan'an.
In order to thank Zhang Zhizhong for his deep friendship of "Zhang Zhizhong came to Yan'an to welcome Chairman Mao twice in a row", that night, our party held a grand welcome banquet in Yan'an. Before leaving, Chairman Mao respected and personally accompanied Zhang Zhizhong to the airport to see him off, and praised Zhang Zhizhong and said, "You are sincere in running for peace."
The third time was in early March 1946.
In 1946, Chiang Kai-shek openly tore up the agreement and provoked a civil war. In order to implement the ceasefire agreement between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, Zhang Zhizhong came to Yan'an again in early March 1946...
These three visits to Yan'an all reflect Zhang Zhizhong's spirit of loving peace and caring for our party. Although he is in the national army camp, he always stands on the national standpoint and puts the future of the country and the destiny of the nation first, so he will get closer and closer to our party and win the reputation of "Peace General".
After the outbreak of the Liberation War, the national army was unpopular and retreated one after another. The victory of the Communist Party of China has become a settlement.
In 1949, a representative of the Kuomintang government peace talks led by Zhang Zhizhong came to Peiping for negotiations. During this period, under the sincere persuasion of Premier Zhou's affectionate words, Zhang Zhizhong was deeply moved. After repeated consideration, he finally decided to stay in , Peking and cooperate with the Chinese Communists.
On September 21 of the same year, the first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference was officially held. As a special representative, Zhang Zhizhong also attended the meeting and discussed here with many representatives of the Communist Party of China, democratic parties, ethnic minorities, and overseas Chinese.
At that time, all the representatives of the CPPCC mainly lived in the three places of Beijing Hotel, Liuguo Hotel and Cuimingzhuang, while Zhang Zhizhong was arranged to be at Liuguo Hotel. After the meal, Chairman Mao came to the Six Kingdoms Hotel in person to visit Zhang Zhizhong.
While the two were talking, Zhang Zhizhong suddenly saw a familiar figure and shouted in surprise: Isn’t this the Captain Jiang Weiqing? When Jiang Weiqing heard someone calling him, he turned his head and saw that Zhang Zhizhong, who was standing in the center of the hall, was waving his hand to him, and Chairman Mao was standing next to him.
Jiang Weiqing quickly tidied up his clothes, walked over excitedly, saluted Chairman Mao: Hello Chairman!
Chairman Mao nodded to Jiang Weiqing and asked in confusion how they knew each other? You should know that Zhang Zhizhong has always been a senior general in the National Army and served as the chairman of the Hunan Provincial Government, while Jiang Weiqing is just a deputy leader of our party. Judging from the status gap between the two, it is difficult to deal with.
Faced with the Chairman's doubts, Zhang Zhizhong took the lead in speaking: Chairman, Chief Jiang Weiqing, but it's very awesome! I've experienced it. Chairman Mao became even more confused after hearing this. Could it be that Jiang Weiqing had done anything he didn't know that could make Zhang Zhizhong feel at a disadvantage?
"Indeed! Jiang Weiqing did "successfully" past my army!" After saying this, Zhang Zhizhong slowly revealed the past many years ago.
That happened during the War of Resistance Against Japan. At that time, Zhang Zhizhong was appointed as the chairman of the provincial government in Hunan. As Zhang Zhizhong became more and more famous in Hunan, more and more people came to ask him to help solve the problem.In order not to delay normal work, he set a rule: to receive visitors on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, and each time must not exceed 30 minutes. The rules of
were just decided, Jiang Weiqing, who was then the chief of staff and deputy commander of the First Regiment of the First Detachment of the New Fourth Army, came to visit. As the saying goes, "If you don't go to the Three Treasures Hall without any trouble," Jiang Weiqing came to find Zhang Zhizhong because he encountered difficulties.
at that time accepted the adaptation of the Kuomintang, the Kuomintang often tried every means to withhold the Red Army's military pay, and it was common for the soldiers to have no food. How can you fight when you are hungry? In order to solve this problem, Jiang Weiqing decided to take a few brothers to Zhang Zhizhong for help.
The day Jiang Weiqing went, just as he was about Zhang Zhizhong's reception day. At first, he was embarrassed to mention borrowing money. He talked about it in a roundabout way for 30 minutes, but he could not tell the purpose of his trip. Seeing that the reception time had arrived, Jiang Weiqing had to leave.
The next day, Jiang Weiqing came again, but unfortunately, this day was not Zhang Zhizhong's reception day, so the guard stopped him. In desperation, Jiang Weiqing had to shout at the door:
"Okay, okay, it doesn't matter if you don't let me in, so please tell Chairman Zhang, saying that Chairman Jiang will not pay military salaries. Our New Fourth Army has no food to eat. The soldiers are all resentful and say that if you have no food to eat, you have to go up the mountain to fight guerrillas!" When Zhang Zhizhong in the room of
heard this, he hurried out and asked: Deputy Commander Jiang, what's going on? Why do the soldiers say they want to go up the mountain to fight guerrillas? Seeing Zhang Zhizhong running out, Jiang Weiqing told the matter of the National Army withholding the New Fourth Army's military pay and asked: Food is the most important thing for the people, and they have no food to eat, so how can they resist Japan?
Zhang Zhizhong nodded after hearing this, and then reassured Jiang Weiqing and said that he would find a way. Unexpectedly, as soon as he finished speaking, Jiang Weiqing immediately thanked him loudly: Since that is the case, on behalf of the entire group, I would like to thank Chairman Zhang for his great help!
Jiang Weiqing's sudden words made Zhang Zhizhong confused. Later, he reacted for a while before he realized that this kid was using his army! , I had already promised to solve the problem for them, so I took out 2000天 and gave it to Jiang Weiqing...
So that's it! After hearing this, Chairman Mao smiled cheerfully, then patted Jiang Weiqing on the shoulder and asked:
"Is this really the case Jiang Weiqing? It's not a joke made by Mr. Zhang, right?" The person who asked the other side of
was Chairman Mao. Naturally, Jiang Weiqing did not dare to lie at all, nodded and said: It's the case, Chairman. Perhaps because he was afraid that the Chairman would think he was a person who was lying to the debt, Jiang Weiqing quickly explained that he was forced to do so at that time, so he would have made such a bad decision.
It turned out that when the military pay was in urgent need, the solution for their group was to ask the five members of the group to go home and borrow 500 dan of rice, which made Jiang Weiqing difficult. You know, he has run away from home when he was 15 years old. So I broke off contact with my family. Not to mention borrowing money, my family may be poor and I can't bear to lose the blame.
After a few days of distress, someone suggested to him that Chairman Zhang is generous and has always been in good terms with our party. Perhaps going to his place can solve the problem, so he decided to go to Zhang Zhizhong to try his luck.
Jiang Weiqing continued to say that at that time, he could buy a load of rice for 50 cents. After borrowing the money, he immediately exchanged for 4,000 loads of rice, which was equivalent to saying that he completed the borrowing task of the whole group alone...
A group of people laughed after hearing this, and then Chairman Mao said seriously:
"Okay, Jiang Weiqing borrowed Zhang Zhizhong Ocean for 2,000 yuan, from From now on, Jiang Weiqing will start to repay the capital and profit. Central witness Mao Zedong."
Chairman Mao's original intention was to be a witness himself and supervise Jiang Weiqing to pay off the money, but Zhang Zhizhong was very ashamed and quickly added that he was not considerate at that time and did not know that the brothers of the New Fourth Army had no food to eat. If he had known, why would Jiang Weiqing come to "borrow money"? This money is also considered to be a practical thing for the revolution, so Jiang Weiqing doesn't have to pay it back.
Who knew that Chairman Mao firmly disagreed after hearing this and said to Zhang Zhizhong: You just settled down in Peking. There will definitely be many places where you need money. If you have money in the future, even if you speak to Enlai, we will definitely be able to meet your requirements.
After this chat, the debt was hanged in Chairman Mao's heart, and the opening scene came into being. On September 29, 1958, when Chairman Mao and Zhang Zhizhong met Jiang Weiqing again, the chairman asked him again: "Have you paid back the money you borrowed from Zhang Zhizhong?"
"Not yet." Jiang Weiqing replied embarrassedly.
"Don't forget to return it." Chairman Mao emphasized to Jiang Weiqing again. Chairman
's words made Zhang Zhizhong even more moved. He did not expect that his little thing would be so worried about Chairman Mao.
The reason why Chairman Mao repeatedly asked Jiang Weiqing to remember to pay back the money was not only reflected in his strict discipline requirements for the Communists, but also in his meticulous care for Zhang Zhizhong.
After the founding of New China, under the entrusted by the Party Central Committee, Zhang Zhizhong successively served as a member of the Central People's Government, member of the Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Vice Chairman of the National Defense Committee, and Vice Chairman of the Central Committee of the China Democratic League.
Chairman Mao attaches great importance to Zhang Zhizhong and will ask Zhang Zhizhong for his opinions when making some important decisions.
For example, when the name of the new China was determined at the New CPPCC meeting, the central government proposed at that time as the "People's Democratic Republic of China". In this regard, Zhang Zhizhong bluntly stated: "Republic" has the meaning of democracy, and there is no need to repeat it. The word "democracy" can be omitted and changed to " People's Republic of China ". This proposal was later unanimously agreed by Chairman Mao and the participants.
Later, when discussing the national flag pattern, someone proposed to use three horizontal bars to make a pattern, representing Yellow River , Yangtze River and Pearl River respectively. At this time, Zhang Zhizhong was the first to stand up and express his disagreement. He suggested using the five-star red flag, one of which represents the Communist Party of China, and the other four small stars represent the four classes respectively. The proposal of
was approved by most people, and Chairman Mao also deeply agreed, so everyone finally applauded and approved again.
Chairman Mao’s care for Zhang Zhizhong is not only reflected in his work and politics, but also in his daily life, and in his emotional fusion of unrestrained, chatting and laughing, and mutual concern.
In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, Chairman Mao was very busy, but no matter how busy his work was, Chairman Mao would always visit Zhang Zhizhong's house, and the conversation took two or three hours. Zhang Zhizhong is also a regular visitor to Chairman Mao's family, and Chairman Mao often invites their whole family to have dinner at his home.
Whenever there are local specialties sent from other places, Chairman Mao often thinks of leaving one for Zhang Zhizhong.
Once, a rural cooperative in Jiao County, Shandong Province sent three cabbages to Chairman Mao, each weighing more than 20 kilograms. After Chairman Mao received it. He immediately sent someone to send one to Zhang Zhizhong's home. Zhang Zhizhong was reluctant to eat it, so he asked his wife to plant it in a large flower pot with sand and place it in the living room for several months.
6111 In late August, during the Beidaihe Conference, Chairman Mao even invited Zhang Zhizhong to accompany him to inspect the south. Zhang Zhizhong cherished this hard-won opportunity very much. He planned to use this trip to remember what Chairman Mao said and did along the way, and compile it into a precious diary.
At 8:00 am on September 10, the two flew from Beijing to Wuhan on two planes. After arriving in Wuhan, Chairman Mao did not have time to rest and directly invited Zhang Zhizhong to swim in the Yangtze River. After swimming for a few hours, the chairman was still full of energy and was not sleepy. Zhang Zhizhong couldn't help but sigh: "Chairman Mao is strong in physical strength and has something extraordinary."
During the subsequent inspection, Zhang Zhizhong was always inseparable from Chairman Mao, following him along the way to listen to reports from the party and government leaders in various places. And whenever Chairman Mao went to a place, he would actively introduce Zhang Zhizhong.
Seeing the Chairman’s meticulous care for him, Zhang Zhizhong was more determined that adhering to Chairman Mao’s leadership was the correct line.
Along the way, Zhang Zhizhong did not slacken at all. He recorded everything he saw and heard, with a total of more than 40,000 words. After obtaining the approval of the Chairman, the diary made by Zhang Zhizhong was published publicly in " People's Daily ", and its name was "The People's Love for Chairman Mao - The Discourse on Inspections with Chairman Mao".
61969 On April 6, 1969, Zhang Zhizhong died in Beijing due to ineffective treatment at the age of 79. At the farewell ceremony, Chairman Mao personally sent a wreath to his old friend to express his condolences.
It is worth mentioning that Zhang Zhizhong did not forget to praise his close friend before his death. He wrote in his will:
"My second half of my life was in the great Mao Zedong era. Seeing that under the leadership of the great leader Chairman Mao, the international status has been unprecedentedly improved, the country has been prosperous and strong, and the people's lives have been greatly improved..."
Chairman Mao gave Zhang Zhizhong heart-to-heart, meticulous care and encouragement, and Zhang Zhizhong rewarded Chairman Mao with frankness and frankness.
The deep friendship between them is in line with the spirit and principle of long-term coexistence and mutual supervision, and is a glorious example of mutual loyalty and sharing honor and disgrace between Communists and democrats.
Chairman Mao and Zhang Zhizhong are good friends, close friends, and close friends. Their friendship has been constantly praised in the long river of history, setting a brilliant example for our future generations.
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