In July 1941, Tada Jun, who was hit by the
Peng Dehuai is the only marshal who has led many corpses and large-scale operations many times, fighting against the Japanese invaders and the American imperial powers. The War of Resistance Against Japan and the North China Expeditionary Army, Tada Jun and Gangmura Yanji have been fighting for many years. They fought against the star generals of Resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea, and the star generals of MacArthur and Li Qiwei. The opponents were all heavy-armed mechas, aircraft and cannons, and he took the fire stick to fight. But Peng Dehuai led the soldiers to fight hard and launch epic battles again and again to defeat the opponent.
The mission of the Japanese invaders
Okamura followed the experience of Tada Jung, and on the one hand, strengthened the "cage" policy and military offensive, and also learned from the Kuomintang's five "encirclement and suppression" of the Soviet area and his own years of "suppression of the Communist Party" in North Korea and China's three northeastern provinces, and introduced a more cunning and vicious set of methods.
Okamura just arrived in North China. After careful planning, he conducted a continuous "sweeping" of Jinchaji Border Region with 50,000 troops for more than two months, known as the "million-million War" to show revenge on the Eighth Route Army's 100 Regiment War. At the same time, the second so-called " Public Security Strengthening Movement " was launched.
means to strengthen its occupation of North China and turn North China into a consolidated colony. Its policy is to change from the past military offensive to seven parts of politics and three parts of military, and to implement a "total force war" of political, military, economic and cultural integration.
Japanese invaders divided North China into three categories: security zones (i.e., enemy-occupied areas, mainly cities, traffic lifelines and their vicinity), quasi-security zones (guerrilla zones of the Eighth Route Army, and the area for the enemy and us), and unsecurity zones (anti-Japanese base areas), and implemented measures separately.
For the so-called " Public Security Zone ", it mainly focuses on clean villages. Establish various pseudo-organizations, integrate villages and townships, implement baojia joint position, and strengthen its enslavement rule.
mainly encroaches on the so-called "quasi-security zone", step by step, forcing the road of pseudo-making and spy-making, built widespread blockades, built watchtowers, and created unmanned areas to prevent the in-depth activities of the Eighth Route Army.
The so-called "unsecurity zone" (i.e., the anti-Japanese base area) is mainly based on "sweeping-up" - military offensive, implementing a cruel "three lights" policy, destroying and destroying anti-Japanese facilities, and attacking the heads of military and political parties that are fighting against Japan.
The Japanese invaders' erosion policy relies on their strongholds to detour 30 to 40 miles to the front or side, and turn the eroded areas into squares surrounded by the enemy, called grids. Grids are connected one by one to form a grid. The cruel "clean countryside" is implemented in the grid network, and outside the grid network is the "cage" that the enemy continues to strengthen.
The Japanese army in North China "sweeps" against various anti-Japanese bases, with tens of thousands of troops, lasting for two or three months, and the tactics used are emerging one after another. The key ones are "seating tactics" (mushroom soaking tactics), "chopping tactics", "combing tactics", "iron wall siege", "capturing surprise attacks", etc. The scale, the length of time, and the vicious changes in the means have reached an unprecedented level.
1945, at a symposium on North China's work held in Yan'an , Peng Dehuai talked about a harsh struggle with Okamura as his opponent behind the enemy in North China:
"We have always been unfamiliar with this extremely cruel and complex form and method of struggle. The pain caused to us by this method is great, and therefore passive. The North China base area has shrunk (only 6 counties remain). The population of the base area, 19411 According to statistics in October, there were only 13 million left, which was the lowest period. The base area suffered serious losses and destruction. People's lives suddenly decreased, and activists among the people hated the enemy more, and backward elements were pessimistic. Some were even deceived into stealing the enemy's occupied areas, and some were also fled. "
contest
Peng Dehuai once again grasped the enemy's fundamental weakness - insufficient troops, and the rear was empty when advancing. He had to use puppet troops more and more pseudo-organizations, coupled with extensive guerrilla activities and political offensives, the enemy was snatched away from the other.
Peng Dehuai proposed three basic tasks for the enemy's conspiracy.
1. Regarding the puppet army and puppet organization, we will use methods of disintegration, win over, protect and attack to strive for more puppet troops and even double-faced puppet troops.
2. Regarding the mass work in the enemy-occupied areas and the enemy-engaged areas, Peng Dehuai proposed to widely use the two-faced policy of revolution, invade all organizations with the masses, and use all legal means to carry out national salvation work; unite all Chinese people, protect the interests of all Chinese people, and the people suffer less losses, that is, the nation preserves more vitality; discuss ways to deal with the Japanese and deceive Japanese with the masses, accumulate strength from long-term plans; oppose it for a while, so that the people will suffer undue blows.
3. Regarding the insistence on base areas, the construction of local armed forces, the construction of hundreds of powerful guerrillas separated from production and millions of combat-capable militias that are not separated from production. The guerrillas and regular troops in the border areas of the base area went to the enemy-occupied areas in a planned manner to carry out guerrilla activities, and organized secret anti-Japanese armed forces in the newly pseudo-degraded areas.
In addition to the main battlefield of the base, Peng Dehuai also creatively opened up a new battlefield. This new battlefield appears behind enemy lines, that is, behind blockade ditch walls, fortresses, strongholds, and traffic lines built by the enemy behind enemy lines, , and in the enemy's security and quasi-security areas. This new march, which began with the work of the puppet army and pseudo-organization and mass work in the enemy-occupied areas and the enemy-bound areas, sowed the anti-Japanese fire in the heart of the enemy.
The armed forces behind enemy lines were established under this situation. As of December 1942, the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army had more than 100 armed forces .
According to regulations, the captain of the armed work team must be a cadre above the battalion, and the political commissar must be a cadre above the county (regiment) and above. In other words, the political commissar of the armed forces team is on the same level as Li Yunlong and Zhao Gang in terms of position. The Japanese invaders brought the "sweeping" to our base, and our armed working team brought various anti-Japanese struggles to the enemy camps to shake the enemy's heart.
North China is full of frontlines of the anti-Japanese military and civilian struggle, and all patriotic Chinese in North China have become opponents of the Japanese invaders. This battle without a fixed front is not as rapid and vigorous as the Hundred Regiments Battle; it is fatal to the enemy, and its intensity and sharpness are even more intense and sharp. The plot of
is clearly reflected in the anti-Japanese war dramas " Bright Sword " and "Snow Leopard". Li Yunlong divided the parts into small areas and distributed them into the people; Zhou Weiguo also used his kindness and power to win the puppet army to serve the anti-Japanese war.
Economic War
Economic War begins with currency wars and trade wars. In February 1939, Peng Dehuai proposed to the central government to establish Ji Nan Bank and issue Ji Nan Bank as the basic currency in the southern Hebei region and Taihang . It also proposed to establish a tariff system at the borders of the base areas, implement freedom of foreign trade and domestic trade, protect the property rights of commodity owners, cancel the harsh taxes, and allow free operation.
Since the autumn of 1941, the Taihang region was drought and the North China region, a desperate battle between the enemy and us-the battle for food was launched in the enemy-occupied areas, guerrilla areas and base areas.
In the autumn of 1942, at the trade work conference held in Taihang District , Peng Dehuai pointed out to the attendees the seriousness of the competition for food with the enemy: "Today, whoever has food will win." He called on the military and civilians to rise up, not only to protect the grain in the base area from being robbed by the enemy, but also to crack down on the enemy's plundering operations in the occupied areas and protect the people in the enemy-occupied areas.
1942 Taihang Mountain The western grain production area produced better. Peng Dehuai purchased a large amount of grain from the west at a price higher than the enemy, and organized the disaster transport to the grain-deficient area in the east of Pinghan Road for sale. Raising grain prices in the western region helped farmers in the grain-producing areas; selling them to the east also helped the people in the disaster-stricken areas. Although they were all enemy-occupied areas, the Chinese were the ones who benefited, and the Japanese were the ones who were hit.
This year, the armed work team mobilized the masses to resist the conquest and rob, defend the food, and achieved a legendary victory. Peng Dehuai once made a vivid description of this:
"In 1942, the enemy planned to conquer 20 million stones of grain in North China, and we were going to collect anti-Japanese public grain.Many villages take the initiative to report famine to the enemy before the enemy starts collecting grain, request exemption, and receive several effects. The enemy's grain collection plan in 1942 was actually completed less than 1/10. Our public grain plan only reaches 5% of the enemy's grain collection plan. The people in the enemy-occupied areas reduced the burden through struggle, and changed from paying grain to paying grain to fighting against Japan.
In September 1943, Okamura Yasuji gave a speech to the chief of staff of the army and the directly-controlled corps to which he belonged to Beiping : "Recently, the power of his (Communist Party) to lead the people has an increasing tendency. I feel deeply regretful about this. In order to adapt to the requirements of the decisive battle in Greater East Asia, it is the top priority..."
The Japanese army bullied the backward equipment of the Eighth Route Army, used plain terrain, and used aircraft, cannons, and armored vehicles to traversely on my base ground. Using blockade lines and bunker strongholds, they cut Hebei into thousands of small pieces, and randomly slaughtered the anti-Japanese military and civilians, causing crying in every village, and filial piety in the world. The anti-Japanese military and civilians carried out tunnel warfare , sparrow warfare , landmine warfare, curtain warfare, Japanese army's iron hooves are rampant during the day, and the anti-Japanese armed forces attacked in the dark night. The tunnel warfare, a wonder of war, warned the Japanese invaders that if they want to occupy North China and conquer China, they can only be a dream!
General Peng mobilized the whole nation to unite to fight against Japan, and emerged in tactical ways one after another; economically self-sufficiency and free trade; robbing with the Japanese invaders in terms of food is the wildfire that cannot be burned, and the spring breeze blows again. The epic people's war broke the grid of the Japanese invaders and won the final victory!
is excerpted from "The Complete Biography of Peng Dehuai"
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