However, in Chinese history, there are more than tens of millions of celebrities. Zhuge Liang was able to stand out among many historical celebrities because he was promoted. So, who is promoting Zhuge Liang? How was Zhuge Liang's image deified?
1. Negative Character Period
In fact, once upon a time, Zhuge Liang was once a negative character. Of course, this statement may be surprised by many people, but it is true.
As we all know, Zhuge Liang was the de facto leader of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period. The Shu Han was eventually annexed by Cao Wei . According to Cao Wei's words, Shu Han and Wu were both pseudo-dynasties, and Zhuge Liang and Sun Quan were naturally both traitors. The , Western Jin , which ultimately unified the world, inherited the legal tradition of Cao Wei. Therefore, in the official rhetoric of the Western Jin Dynasty, Zhuge Liang still retained the image of a traitor and a traitor against the Celestial Empire.
Of course, Zhuge Liang's period was a flash in history, because the Western Jin Dynasty fell into a state of collapse not long after its rule.
2, Zhuge Liang in the Eastern Jin Dynasty era
After the demise of the Western Jin Dynasty, the Huns Han Kingdom ( Former Zhao ) once ruled the Central Plains. The former Zhao monarch claimed that he was the successor of the Western Han Dynasty, Eastern Han Dynasty, and Shu Han, and believed that the Western Han Dynasty, Eastern Han Dynasty, Shu Han and the former Zhao Dynasty were in line with each other. Therefore, in the words of the former Zhao Dynasty, Zhuge Liang was naturally a hero of the Han Dynasty.
As the Eastern Jin Dynasty retreated to the Jiangdong area, the situation of the Eastern Jin Dynasty was quite similar to that of the Shu Han Dynasty. Because the Eastern Jin Dynasty belonged to the court that continued in the Jiangdong region after the demise of the Western Jin Dynasty. According to the Shu Han language, Shu Han was the court that continued in the Bashu area after the demise of the Eastern Han Dynasty. At this time, the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the former Shu Han were connected with the same fate.
So the Eastern Jin court first recognized the orthodox nature of Shu Han. Since Shu Han is all orthodox, Zhuge Liang, the number one loyal minister of Shu Han, is of course no longer a traitor.
Similarly, just like Shu Han made many northern expeditions and planned to restore the Central Plains, the Eastern Jin Dynasty was also a rare dynasty that was willing to frequently expedition the Central Plains in the northern part of the dynasty. This is much more promising than the later Southern Song and Southern Ming . As for the so-called "the country is in trouble, the Eastern Jin court also longed for the appearance of a person who was willing to actively fight the Northern Expedition and was very loyal. Therefore, the Eastern Jin court began to actively publicize Zhuge Liang's positive deeds. This situation continued until the Southern Dynasty.
3. Zhuge Liang in the Tang and Song dynasties
Sui and Tang dynasties As unified dynasty , there is naturally no need for Zhuge Liang to actively promote it. However, after long-term publicity of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasties, Zhuge Liang's image as a loyal minister and the story of Zhuge Liang have been widely circulated among the people and formed a collective memory. After the Anshi Rebellion, the mountains and rivers of the Tang Dynasty were broken. At this time, the Tang Dynasty also longed for people with outstanding moral character like Zhuge Liang to support the Tang Dynasty, so there was more publicity about Zhuge Liang again.
to Song Dynasty . With the formation of civil society , folk literature and art have also flourished. Therefore, many folk literary and artistic creators began to carry out literary and artistic processing based on the folk deeds of Zhuge Liang, forming many stories about Zhuge Liang and even the Three Kingdoms episodes . It was during this period that Zhuge Liang's image was deified.
In fact, the prototypes of many classical literary masterpieces in my country, including Journey to the West, can be found in the narrative books of this period. During the
Yuan Dynasty period, while the story of storytelling was popular, zaju also emerged, and the story of Water Margin, Journey to the West, and the story of Three Kingdoms further developed. In the end, these stories were compiled by literati of the Ming Dynasty, so there were far-reaching literary masterpieces such as " Water Margin HTML ", "Journey to the West", and "Romance of the Three Kingdoms".
4, the power of literature and art
With the literary and artistic works about praises of Shu Han generals and Zhuge Liang in civil society, through the continuous inheritance of actors and storytellers, the general public has developed an extremely favorable impression of Shu Han and Zhuge Liang.Although the Ming and Qing dynasties did not consider Shu Han a legitimate dynasty, it still could not change the people's respect and respect for Zhuge Liang. This is the power of literature and art.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-