Chapter 17: Three-legged system
Section 2: Broadcasting of speech channels
One day, the Empress Dowager and Emperor Xiaowen
In the court, they discussed the situation since the implementation of the salary system and the equal-field system. Emperor Xiaowen said: "The Empress Dowager's meaning is to hear everyone's thoughts. In recent years, in accordance with the spirit of the Empress Dowager's "Emperor of the Emperor", I have focused on promoting civil governance and boldly implemented the salary system and the equal land system. Change, almost all royal relatives, all civil servants, military officials, and all the people have experienced the effect of the reform, either getting benefits, being ecstatic, being restricted, feeling unhappy, or losing huge amounts, and opposing them strongly, and even jumped out. Confrontation openly. The Empress Dowager told me that the reform cannot be calm, it cannot be made to everyone, and it cannot be done in one step. It is normal for such a situation to happen, and I have expected it long ago. I want to hear it. My dear friends who work with me all day long, how do you think? Everyone speaks freely and says whatever they want. They all speak out quickly and are not afraid of opposing opinions. I forgive you for not being guilty."
Dongyang King Tuo The first step forward to say: "The old minister has something to say. The old minister has been working for the Great Wei Dynasty for more than half his life, and has never been so excited today. The reason why he is excited is the reform, salary system and The equal-field system is not new. Someone has proposed it before, and some people have tried the Han country. However, no one dared to follow this path for nearly a hundred years. Why? Because this is a difficult problem , it is a problem that will hurt the bones. Who doesn’t want to live a peaceful life and make the court officials benefit, and the monarch and ministers live in harmony? The Empress Dowager and the Emperor know that they will cause a lot of complaints, and even hatred, will also be reorganized. What I want is the eternal country, and what I want is the great cause of the Great Wei Dynasty. If you want to talk about interests, the old ministers are royal family members, and the old ministers' interests have also been lost a lot. The royal relatives here, the emperor's grandfathers and uncles are here. , the emperor's peers, who have not discussed behind the scenes? Which one has not lost a large area of land, cattle, sheep and slaves? Who has no relatives, friends and colleagues outside, and they have not suffered losses due to the reform? The old minister wants I said that I should scold you, and the old ministers have also scolded you. But think about the current state of China and the people in the country are prosperous and peaceful. Those who cultivate will have their own land, officials will have their own salaries, and the court will have their own tuitions. Isn’t this a prosperous era that everyone dreams of?”
Tuoba Pi After saying this, many royal ministers seemed to have already told him to say the words in their hearts, but they did not fully represent their meaning. So someone came out and said, "The emperor's restructuring is supported by me. But I also hope that the emperor will consider the interests of the royal nobles more. After all, the Tuoba family has been killed from the battlefield for a hundred years. It has both contributions and hard work. ! "
followed by a lot of supporters and said: "Well said! The interests of the royal family cannot be harmed."
" The court is so big, why do you have to take advantage of the interests of the royal family? "
" The reform cannot change the nobles It must be the same as the common people, otherwise what kind of face will the nobles still have? "
Gao Yun stood up, bowed with his hands and said, "I just arrived in the capital yesterday, and was moved by the peaceful and prosperous scene of my Great Wei Dynasty. Confucius said, The country of thousands of chariots is to respect the affairs and trust, to be loyal to the people, to make the people live in time. The reform of the salary system and equal land system made by the Empress Dowager and the Emperor is to respect the affairs and to be loyal to the people, to be loyal to the affairs and to be loyal to the people, Let the people take the time. But I think everything should be concise and regular, and do it gradually, and do not be too hasty. The so-called freezing three feet is not a day's cold, and if you want spring to bloom, it is not a matter of spring breeze, otherwise you will make some The problem intensifies, and the so-called hasteness will not be achieved."
Secretary Ling Li Chong stood up, bowed deeply to Gao Yun, and then said, "Justice Gao just now, and I admire you very much. I have a suggestion, I want to say it at this time, and ask the Empress Dowager and the Emperor to decide, and also ask the ministers and colleagues to discuss it.Wei Chen and the governor of Xiangzhou Li Anshi have recently walked around in some prefectures and counties. After looking, I found that since the implementation of the salary system and the equal-field system, it has not been as perfect as everyone said. There are still many problems. Some sect leaders bribed inspectors. As a result, the imperial restructuring was not in place; some wealthy families were struggling to make a comeback and seized the land allocated to the people again, and the prefecture and county governments did not take effective measures; and some local prefecture and county officials were insufficient to compete with the sect leader, resulting in the restructuring being stranded in the middle of the process. . I guess the Empress Dowager and the Emperor will know a few of these things that the Weichen knows, and the officials here may also know a lot. Today, the Empress Dowager invited everyone not to listen to everyone singing praises, but to hear what problems are there and what should the court do? Is the imperial court's reform too much? Or is the problem not fundamentally caught? "At this point, Li Chong turned his eyes to the Empress Dowager.
Empress Dowager looked around and said, "Secretary Ling Li Aiqing said very well. Ai's family is to listen to what you think. What kind of opinions does Li Aiqing have? It’s okay to speak out directly. "
Li Chong continued: "I think the reason for the above situations is that the court's hands have not yet extended to the bottom of the Great Wei Dynasty. Simply put, it is the Great Wei State that a hundred years have passed, and the court has not yet managed its own land and its subjects. Among the people, it is not the court that has the final say, but the local powerful clans and even bandits that have the final say. It is by no means exaggerated to say this. In the past, we once conquered cities and swept the entire north, and seized countless land, treasures and populations. We have 53 states, 219 counties and towns and 800 single and nine counties. This great feat is undeniable. But since we have been prosperous for a hundred years, we are so incompetent that we cannot control our land and people. It is sad to think about it. Of course, whoever dares to disobey and who dares to rebel, the court can send troops to wipe out him. However, I think that using a knife and a gun on our own land is not a good solution to the problem. "
Li Chong's words caused a boo, some were shocked, and some were dissatisfied. However, the hearts of the Empress Dowager and the Emperor were indeed like the water that had rolled away, both hot and painful, and rolling endlessly.
Li Chong also said: "I think the salary system and equal land system introduced by the court are crucial, but it is not fundamental yet. The fundamental reform is to take over the rule of the lower class society in one fell swoop and implement management of the people. The imperial court cannot just go to states, counties, and counties and let it go. This is the biggest mistake. It is also a frequent problem of underreporting household registration, escaping taxes and evading taxes, reducing corvee labor, and bullying the weak with the strong and bullying the market. The key lies. I have checked out the good methods that the Han people had called the "Shiwu System" during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and suggested that the Great Wei Dynasty implement the three-legged system . The so-called three-leader system means that in the bottom-level folk, one family is the smallest unit, one neighbor is set up for every five households, one neighbor is set up for every five neighbors, one mile is set up for every five neighbors, and one party is set up for every five miles. Identify a party leader. These three chiefs were the smallest tolerance of our Great Wei Dynasty. Their responsibilities were to manage the people, collect taxes and dispatch corvee labor. They worked for the court. The advantage given to him was to exempt himself from corvee labor and concentrate on civil management. The Empress Dowager, the empress dowager, has written a detailed memorial on the system of three chiefs. Please review the Empress Dowager and the Emperor. "
The "Shijiao system" mentioned by Li Chong was born in Spring and Autumn , formed in Warring States , and applied to the Qin Dynasty. The so-called Shijiao means that the country divides the people into "ten families and one family, five families One family" is a way to manage, and the court adopts "straitors" against them, allowing them to restrict and supervise each other. One family is involved and each family is implicated, forcing the people to form a mechanism of sharing honor and disgrace. Li Chong studied the "Shijun system". In his memorial, he proposed to implement the "Three Chief System" in the Great Wei Dynasty, which not only inherited the effects of the "Shijun system", but also adopted three-level joints, one-level management and one-level management The new idea of the new idea of the first level to the first level, and the court exempted from labor service for the "three chiefs", is equivalent to the salary of court officials.It is a good way for the state to manage the lower class people and completely replace the old unruly management of the sect leader. In his suggestion, Li Chong proposed to replace the ninth grade differential method with the rent adjustment method. The method of renting and adjusting means that the court determines that a couple rents one piece of silk and two stones of millet. This is exactly matched with the equal-field system and is much simpler and easier to implement than the nine-grade method of renting and adjusting. The court's taxes and adjustments have increased, which is the burden on the people. Reduced.
Li Chong's generous speech made the emperor's eyes lit up and he suddenly realized. The emperor exchanged glances with the Empress Dowager, stood up and said to the civil and military officials in the court, "My dear friends, today's discussions on are very enthusiastic and sincere. You can all put the overall situation of the court first and treat our heavenly dynasty. The reforms express their opinions and speak the truth, which makes me sigh. Li Chong's analyses and opinions on the situation are profound, especially because he boldly proposed the three-leader system, which is very clear. I am aware of such a virtuous minister. And I was so excited. Not to mention the three-chief system he mentioned, just because he is so loyal and dedicated to the court, I have already burst into tears."
Li Chong knelt down and said, "I am the one who is a good minister." For this is the duty of the minister. As the emperor said, the minister really dare not take it! "
Author profile
Ren Yong, Chinese Writers Association member, Datong Writers Association Chairman, Shanxi Writers Association member, Advisor of Datong Traditional Culture Promotion Association, has been engaged in literary creation for a long time. He has published the essay collection "Not necessarily travel", the essay collection "One leaf Bodhi" and "Family family", the long biography literature "Biography of Empress Dowager Feng", and the novel "Yellow Flower Woman" has been adapted The filming and launching of the movie of the same name, the series of historical essays "This Is Northern Wei" was published by Business International Co., Ltd.
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