In October 1930, wars broke out in southwestern Jiangxi revolutionary base areas, and a decisive battle between the 100,000 Kuomintang troops and the First Red Army.
After eight hours of fierce fighting, more than 10,000 people in the 18th Division and two brigades of the Kuomintang were wiped out, but the division commander Zhang Huizan and disappeared. The central government ordered that Zhang Huizan be captured alive.
Red Army soldiers immediately entered the dense mountains of southwestern Jiangxi to find the traces of Zhang Huizan.
"Here! There are people here!" A Red Army soldier shouted, and everyone hurried over and saw Zhang Huizan, the commander of the 18th Division of the National Army, hiding in a dirt pit in a mess.
The Red Army soldiers tied up Zhang Huizan and escorted him to Mao Zedong. When Zhang Huizan saw Mao Zedong, he seemed to have seen a savior, and even shouted: "Runzhi save me!"
As soon as these words came out, everyone looked at Zhang Huizan and Mao Zedong.
Surprisingly, Mao Zedong actually said to this Kuomintang general who committed many evil deeds: "Don't kill him first!"
Why did Mao Zedong save this Kuomintang general? What ended Zhang Huizan later?
pic | Zhang Huizan
1. Shaved the head of red hair
Speaking of the grievances between Zhang Huizan and Mao Zedong, we have to go back to Chiang Kai-shek when the "April 12" counter-revolutionary coup, that year, Zhang Huizan persecuted the Communist Party on a large scale. : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : , and made great contributions to the reactionary authorities of the Kuomintang, Chiang Kai-shek promoted him to deputy commander of the 2nd Army and member of the provincial government.
Zhang Huizan is from Dongxiang, Changsha, Hunan. She is considered a fellow villager of Mao Zedong. After graduating from Hunan Bingmu Academy, she studied in Japan. She returned to Hunan during the 1911 Revolution and served as a staff officer of the Hunan Military Government.
Later, I don’t know what tricks I used, but I climbed to the governor of Hunan Province Tan Yankai and rose to the top.
After the establishment of the Nanjing government, the 2nd Army of the Kuomintang was reorganized into the 18th Division, and Zhang Huizan became the deputy division commander (later promoted to division commander), and was ordered to go to Jiangxi to "suppress the Communist Party". Before leaving, Zhang Huizan found Chiang Kai-shek and sweared: "This is going to West Ganxi , Immortal Red Bandits, I will not return to Nanjing! "
In Zhang Huizhan's eyes, Chiang Kai-shek was his "Bo Le". It was indeed not easy for Chairman Chiang to be so valued by Chairman Chiang. As soon as he arrived in Jiangxi, Zhang Huizhan was busy He began to "suppress the Communist Party" in order to repay Chiang Kai-shek's kindness for his kindness.
Zhang Huizan, who was eager to seek merit, frequently dispatched troops to attack Suzhou District . In just one year, he brutally killed thousands of Communist Party members and innocent people. The people in the old district hated him to the core and scolded "But Zhang" one after another!
After the victory of the Central Plains War , Chiang Kai-shek focused all his energy against the Red Army. In his eyes, the Red Army could never become a unanimous partner, but it was just a huge threat to him ascend to the throne of "dictatorship".
In order to completely solve this major problem, the Kuomintang gathered a total of 100,000 elite troops in Jiangxi, Fujian, Hunan and Guangdong to form a "encirclement and suppression" situation, intending to capture all the "Zhu Mao Red Bandits" distributed in Gannan and Fujian western in one place Essence Jiangxi Provincial Government Chairman Lu Diping serves as the "Commander-in-Chief of the Communist Party", and Zhang Huizan serves as the commander-in-chief of the front enemy of the Left Route Army.
Zhang Huizan was very determined during this "suppression of the Communist Party". He thought hard all night and wrote several slogans, one of which was regarded as a proud work by him and posted it everywhere. At the oath-taking meeting, Chiang Kai-shek said confidently: "All cities occupied by the Communist bandits must be taken back within one month and bandit troubles must be eliminated within two months. I hope you can unite and cooperate, and don't let the central government down!"
None of the Kuomintang officers present at the scene did not have any. Speaking, only Zhang Huizan suddenly stood up, stood attentively and said with a passionate look: "I am obeying Commander-in-Chief Jiang's teachings, swearing to move forward bravely, and present Zhu Mao's head to the General Officer. ! "
Everyone gave him a look disdainful look, cursing the "villain" in their hearts, but Chiang Kai-shek nodded with satisfaction and praised: "I feel relieved with these words from Shi Hou! Very good!"
very Soon, the Kuomintang launched the first "encirclement and suppression" against the Jiangxi Soviet Area. Zhang Huizan, the "Foreign Commander-in-Chief", was full of majesty. Under the banner of the Kuomintang's 18th Division, he took the lead and showed off his power to fight towards the Soviet Area.
Wherever Zhang Huizan went, he implemented the " three-light policy " of "killing, burning, and robbing". Whether it is intimidating the people or teaching subordinates a lesson, he is inseparable from the sentence "shaved his hair's head."
It can be seen that Zhang Huizhan really wants to destroy Zhu De and Mao Zedong with his own hands and seek credit from Chiang Kai-shek.
Picture | Chiang Kai-shek
However, then again, Zhang Huizhan does have arrogant capital. The 18th Division of the Kuomintang under his command is known as the "Iron Army" and is one of the most well-equipped troops of the Kuomintang.
Each regiment is equipped with a complete radio communication system, with planes in the sky to assist in the battle, and cannons on the ground to open the way. Compared with the "Red Bandits" with earth guns earth guns and straw sandals and bad clothes, it is simply an advantage.
Along the way westward, Zhang Huizan called out all the way: "I am incompatible with the Communist bandits! If you don't fight this journey, you will not survive!" These words and actions are enough to prove how stubborn Zhang Huizan is.
Faced with the aggressive 18th Division, Mao Zedong tailored the tactic of "tempting the enemy into deep and annihilated the enemy in the base area", led the main force of the Red Army to move westward, luring the enemy to Huangpi and Longgang areas, waiting for an opportunity to catch them all.
The proud Zhang Huizan saw the Red Army retreating west, confidently believed that Mao Zedong was afraid of the national army and did not dare to fight, so he notified the 28th Division's Gong Bingfan to accelerate his advance and agreed to meet in Donggu.
Zhang Huizan certainly would not rush to go to Donggu. This move was to retaliate against Gong Bingfan. The two had always been disagreement. This time, Zhang Huizan took advantage of his power to avenge his private revenge.
Gong Bingfan was indeed deceived and arrived in Donggu early, but Zhang Huizan was not seen. He could only bite the bullet and go to war with the Red Army, losing a lot of troops. In the end, the Red Army pretended to be defeated and retreated voluntarily. Gong Bingfan took the opportunity to take the Dong Army. Gu, received a reward of 20,000 ,000 for Chiang Kai-shek.
After taking Donggu, Zhang Huizan slowly stepped on the thick fog in the early morning. I don’t know if it was because the fog was so confusing or if he was angry, Zhang Huizan fought with Gong Bingfan in the city and fought until the sun was noon. The small cannons were all launched, and both sides stopped.
Now that his family beat his family, Zhang Huizan and Gong Bingfan were both a little embarrassed. In anger, Gong Bingfan simply led the troops to curse and curse.
"Zhang Shihou! You are blindly commanding and hurting the troops. You are a nonsense! I will no longer listen to your nonsense. Let's comment in Nanjing after the war!" Gong Bingfan pointed at Zhang Huizan's nose and cursed.
Zhang Huizan snorted coldly, turned his body back, and said sarcastically, "I don't know where the male bear comes from. If I don't obey the command, I will send him to the military court sooner or later!"
After the two separated, Zhang Huizan suddenly received a large number of Red Army soldiers. Huangpi's intelligence, he was so happy that he couldn't stop pursuing the Red Army, and hurriedly led his troops to Longgang, which was very close to Huangpi, to rest.
After observing the surrounding terrain, Zhang Huizan waved his hand: "I'll have a good sleep tonight. When the main force arrives, we'll shave the head of the red hair!"
Little did he know that Zhang Huizan's every move had already fallen into Zhu De, In the eyes of Mao Zedong and his two others, the 18th Division was stationed in Longgang and was just in the trap of the Red Army!
pic | Mao Zedong and Zhu De
2. Called in unison, and caught Zhang Huizan in front of him
In the morning of December 24, the First Red Army held a oath-taking meeting, and Mao Zedong wrote a couplet: "The enemy advances and I retreat, and the enemy stands and disturbs me. , the enemy is tired and we fight, the enemy retreats and we chase, the chances of winning in guerrilla warfare ; advance and retreat with great strides, lure the enemy into depth, concentrate troops, defeat each one, and annihilate the enemy in mobile warfare. "
00 In the early morning of the 30th, Huangpi and Longgang areas were shrouded in In the thick fog, Zhang Huizan, who was so excited that she had not slept all night, stood on the high ground, constantly looking at the direction of Huangpi with her telescope, but she couldn't see anything clearly because of the thick fog.
, Zhang Huizan, who was eager to seek merit, really couldn't wait patiently. Before the thick fog dissipated, he commanded the troops to fire their guns and divide their troops into several ways to find the Red Army to fight.
Little did they know that the fog was behind the 40,000 Red Army troops who were waiting for battle. They had already entered the position arranged by Mao Zedong and were secretly surrounded by the Red Army.
Mao Zedong and Zhu De climbed Huangzhuling at an altitude of 430 meters, looking at Longgang in the thick fog in the wind, with a confident and calm expression.
"Old Zhu, then Kongming used heavy fog and borrowed 100,000 arrows from straw boats. Today, fog covers thousands of mountains and dead trees and rotten trees all over the mountains. They can be used by me. God helps me!" Mao Zedong was so proud that he was full of heroic spirit. Said.
"Hahaha, God is about to destroy Jiang!" Zhu De also responded happily.
Until 10 a.m., the heavy fog had not yet dissipated. With years of experience, Zhang Huizan suddenly realized that he had entered the encirclement of the Red Army and quickly ordered a retreat.
As soon as he turned his horse's head, the Red Army's guns and cannons fired on the high ground, and the Red Army, who were ambushing on both wings, immediately rushed out and surrounded Zhang Huizan's 18th Division.
fell into such a desperate situation, and Zhang Huizan was still unwilling to give up. He rode on the horse and commanded the troops to fight against the Red Army on the spot. He also ordered the communications troops to immediately notify Lu Diping and quickly return to Longgang to support.
However, at that time, Lu Diping was unable to do anything, and led his troops to be bitten tightly by the Red Army, and could not move at all.
The two sides fought fiercely until 3 pm. The 18th Division suffered more than half of the casualties. The Red Army became more and more brave and the encirclement became tighter and tighter. The 18th Division never waited for news of Lu Diping's support.
Zhang Huizan, who was in the siege, placed his last glimmer of hope on the charge troops. He assembled the remnants and attacked fiercely in one direction of the encirclement, trying to tear a hole and wait for an opportunity to escape.
Seeing this, Mao Zedong made a quick decision and launched a general attack!
pic | Mao Zedong
For a moment, Red Army soldiers from all directions rushed towards the enemy in the jar with the sound of war horns, and the shouts of killing all over the mountains were deafening.
The Red Army, which was originally at a disadvantage, quickly gained the upper hand. The enemy was in chaos and was defeated. For a moment, those who died, those who fled, and some left their weapons and knelt down to beg for mercy.
Zhang Huizan, who had just ridden a tall horse and was full of majesty, disappeared at this moment. He had already sneaked into the deserter, changed into a military uniform, put on his regular clothes, pretended to be a businessman, and hid in the nearby mountains.
"Report! Zhang Huizan, the commander of the 18th Division of the enemy, took advantage of the chaos to run away!"
Mao Zedong frowned and immediately ordered the search of the mountains. Be sure to catch Zhang Huizan. He is a stubborn reactionary. If he does not solve the problem, there will be endless troubles!
Zhang Huizan on the other side was sticking out her butt and panting, trying hard to climb Wangong Mountain. As a result, as soon as she climbed halfway up the mountain, she saw Red Army appearing on the top of the mountain. She was so scared that she rolled and hid in a big soil. In the pit.
The Red Army and Red Guards were searching the mountains and shouting loudly: "Zhang Huizan, come out quickly and surrender, and you will not kill the gun!"
At that time, Red Fourth Army had a deputy company commander Xiao Feng, who was against Wangong Mountain. The terrain was very familiar, so he took a squad to the oil tea forest to search for Zhang Huizan's traces.
A few people were walking and suddenly found something wrong with the broken branches on the ground. They immediately bent down alertly and tiptoed forward. They saw a small pit of three or four feet under the broken branches.
"Company Commander Xiao, there are people here at a glance." said a little soldier.
Xiao Feng took a long branch and inserted it straight into the pit, and a "Ouch" came from him.
Xiao Feng quickly raised his gun and asked viciously: "Who? Come out quickly!"
A chubby figure crawled out from inside. Xiao Feng hurriedly asked, "Who? Why are you hiding here?"
Men Standing up tremblingly and stammered, "I am a businessman who collects mountain goods... When I met the Central Army, I was afraid... I was afraid that I would hide if I met the deserter again."
Xiao Feng raised his eyelids, Looking at the man in front of him carefully, he scolded, "Rise your head!"
The man slowly raised his head. Xiao Feng felt that the man in front of him was very similar to Zhang Huizan described by his superior. Essence
"Release your arm!"
Two young soldiers immediately searched him, and found a telegram with "Commander Commander Zhang" written on it in their shirt.
Xiao Feng pulled Zhang Huizan in front of him without saying a word and asked viciously: "Are you Zhang Huizan? If you don't tell the truth, just wait for the bullet!"
Zhang Huizan still hesitated and refused to admit it. Say he is the clerk of the headquarters.
At this moment, a captured orderly soldier was taken to Xiao Feng. When the other party saw Zhang Huizan, he exclaimed excitedly: "Ah! Commander? Why are you..."
Seeing that he couldn't fool him, Zhang Huizan let out a hand and said, "Ah! Commander? Strike off Xiao Feng's hand, straighten his chest, raise his chin, and said aggressively: "That's right! I am Zhang Huizan, the commander-in-chief of the front enemy and the commander of the 18th Division of the National Army. Take me to Mao Zedong quickly, we are old friends!"
Heared Xiao Feng hesitated and said to Zhang Huizan, "Then you have to be wronged first." After
, he tied up Zhang Huizan and posed it in front of Mao Zedong.
pic | The passionate Chairman Mao (oil painting)
In the evening, the Red Army's headquarters Longgang Street was shrouded in a red smoke, with maple leaves everywhere, and the ground was full of hot and colorful.
The battle ended successfully. Mao Zedong, the political commissar of the General Office of the First Red Army and the Secretary of the General Committee of the General Committee, took light steps to patrol the battlefield. Suddenly, the crowd in front became noisy, and Mao Zedong looked in the voice.
I saw a few soldiers, rushing over with a chubby figure, and shouting as I walked, "Zhang Huizan was captured alive!"
Mao Zedong and Zhu De looked at each other and smiled, and quickly walked rushing over and asked the soldiers to give it to him. Zhang Huizan loosened his ties.
When he met Mao Zedong, Zhang Huizan's waist was also hard. He straightened his neck and clasped his fists and said, "Mr. Runzhi, long time no see!"
Mao Zedong ignored his trick and said with a smile: "Mr. Commander-in-Chief, it's been a long time! This journey is a long time ago! In order to chase us, you ran from Hunan to Jiangxi, and from Nanchang to Longgang. Let’s stop here today!”
Hearing this, Zhang Huizan scratched his head awkwardly, and Mao Zedong continued to smile, “You are here with great momentum.” , we want to wipe out all of us, but in the end we are surrounded and suppressed. Now, have you experienced the power of the Red Army? "
Zhang Huizan smiled helplessly and stood in front of Mao Zedong respectfully. Mao Zedong ignored his embarrassment, put his hands on his hips, and looked like Seriously said: "I didn't expect to see you in Longgang in this way today. Wherever you have been, there are slogans that want to shave the 'red hair' on the walls. Are you shaving our heads now? Where did we shaved your head? "
Zhang Huizan was frightened under Mao Zedong's powerful aura and quickly apologized: "It's brother, I'm overestimating my abilities, I'm ashamed, but I ask Runzhi to give up my hands!"
Zhang Huizan Knowing that once Mao Zedong pursued the things he did to the Red Army and the workers and peasants, he would only be the way to be shot. In order to survive, he begged for mercy loudly in front of everyone, "Runzhi, save me." ! As long as I can spare my life, I am willing to take out all my property to donate money, guns, medicines, and then go home to farm."
Mao Zedong did not answer his question positively, but explained to him the Red Army's policy of preferential treatment of prisoners, and then The soldiers of the Red Army pushed Zhang Huizan to march on Longgang Street. When they passed by the captured soldiers, these soldiers who had worked for the Kuomintang were then killed. He rushed up all of his mind, some of whom he called him deducting military pay, some of whom he was inhumane, and even slapped Zhang Huizan several times.
Seeing this, Zhu De quickly sent someone to pull the soldiers away and took Zhang Huizan back to the headquarters for questioning.
Zhang Huizan looked at the tall man in front of him wearing ordinary Red Army uniforms, leggings and straw sandals. He thought the other party was a staff member of the prisoner shelter management office, so he ignored him and asked, "Please ask your superiors for how much money can you put them away. Me? Let's make a price."
Zhu De was amused by this sentence, and he held back his smile and said, "This is not doing business with you. If you lead troops to encircle and suppress the people in the Soviet area, the people will not forgive you! ”
Zhang Huizan snorted coldly and said arrogantly: “What can you do to me? "
Zhu De also raised his head and raised his chest, pointed at the Kuomintang prisoners outside and said, "If you do not plead guilty, and do not commit crimes, you will be allowed to go to the People's Public Trial Conference, and all your subordinates will come to participate at that time! "
The Red Army soldier next to him followed and said, "The commander-in-chief said it well, hold a meeting to shoot him! "
Zhang Huizan immediately shivered when he heard the three words "Commander-in-Chief". This person who looked like a kid turned out to be Commander-in-Chief Zhu De. He immediately lowered his head and felt embarrassed to speak.
pic | Zhu De
3. Don't Kill him
Zhang Huizan is the first lieutenant general of the Kuomintang captured by the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army on the battlefield. How to deal with him has become the most difficult problem. The Red Army Headquarters and the Central Bureau of the Soviet Area held a meeting to discuss this issue.
Mao Zedong believes that Since Zhang Huizan is willing to donate guns and medicines to atone for his sins, he should also be given preferential treatment. Moreover, Zhang Huizan has a deep military foundation and should be asked to go to the Red Army School to serve as a military training instructor and contribute to our party.
But some people also believe that Zhang Huizan He is the most stubborn reactionary and must be killed. If reactionaries like him don’t kill them, there will be no one in China to kill. Killing him can shock the enemy and inspire the people!
Mao Zedong disagrees with this view, and he insists that since The Red Army has a policy of preferential treatment of prisoners, so it should be proved that even stubborn reactionaries like Zhang Huizan may be treated preferentially. During the Three Kingdoms, , Zhuge Liang, , 7, 7th Column, , Meng Huo, , turned enemies into friends, why can't the Red Army do it What?
Our party had a heated discussion on how to deal with Zhang Huizan's problem, but before the final result came out, Mao Zedong specifically instructed the people who took care of Zhang Huizan: Be sure to treat him preferentially, don't let him starve and freeze, and don't abuse him He, everything is waiting for the central government to deal with.
On the other hand, the Kuomintang is also trying to rescue Zhang Huizhan. For the Kuomintang, there are not many senior generals like Zhang Huizhan who are loyal to Chiang Kai-shek and can fight the Red Army. Chiang Kai-shek attaches great importance to him.
In order to win people's hearts, Chiang Kai-shek sent a delegation to contact the Communist Party. If the Central Soviet Area can release Zhang Huizan, the Kuomintang will also release a group of Communist cadres detained in prison.
Picture | Chiang Kai-shek
, it's a pity that Zhang Huizan did not end up in the end. Can be successfully released.
On January 28, 1931, Donggu held a public trial meeting of 3,000 people to publicly try Zhang Huizan.
Zhang Huizan led the 18th Division of the Kuomintang invading Donggu and implemented the tragic "Three Lights Policy", and the people suffered greatly. I heard that Zhang Huizan was arrested After living, the people from all over the world rushed to the public trial meeting like a tide, asking Zhang Huizan to "pay his life". In a short while, 20,000 to 30,000 people came!
Zhang Huizan was escorted up, and the people were seeing him At that moment, people shouted "skinned", "cramps", "shooting"...
A large number of peasant people who had a deep hatred with Zhang Huizan completely lost their minds. They rushed forward and fought Zhang Huizan. After taking turns to beat him up, several Red Army soldiers The warrior dragged Zhang Huizan, who was like a dead dog, to the edge of the paddy field.
"Bang, bang" two gunshots, Zhang Huizan was executed on the spot. The angry crowd cut off his head and put it in a bamboo cage, putting a red flag with the words "Zhang Huizan's head, given to Lu Diping", Enter Ganjiang and drift down the north.
Bamboo cage drifted on the river for 4 days before rushing to the basin of the 77th Kuomintang Division stationed in Ji'an . After the sentry discovered Zhang Huizan's head, they immediately escorted to Lu Diping. Lu Diping was frightened and cried bitterly on the spot. He burst into tears and wailed, so he quickly called Chiang Kai-shek.
Learning that Zhang Huizhan was executed, Chiang Kai-shek lamented and pretended to hold a memorial service for him.
Picture | Zhang Huizan's Tomb
html More than 0 years later, Mao Zedong and Zhu De recalled the incident of "capturing Zhang Huizan alive", which was still a pity. It was not Mao Zedong who ordered the killing of Zhang Huizan back then, but he failed to save his life.Chairman Mao always puts the overall situation first and considers the issue from the perspective of the people and the country. For the situation at that time, executing Zhang Huizan was not a wise move.
Zhu De said with great emotion: "If Zhang Huizhan is not killed, it will not only solve many difficulties in the base area, but also save many comrades in our party. After Zhang Huizhan was killed, Chiang Kai-shek brutally killed many comrades in our party in order to retaliate. What a pity..."
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