Since ancient times, my country's Xinjiang region has been plagued by banditry. The education in this area is relatively backward, and it is far away from the political center. Both the Qing government and the later National Government were powerless to govern Xinjiang.

Since ancient times, my country's Xinjiang region has been plagued by banditry. The education in this area is relatively backward, and it is far away from the political center. Both the Qing government and the later National Government were powerless to govern Xinjiang.

This has led to the intertwining of warlords, bandits and other forces in Xinjiang. In this political environment, the victims were the common people. Warlords requisitioned grain and bandits robbed sheep. Local civilians complained a lot.

During the Liberation War, Chiang Kai-shek fled to Taiwan Island , and the Kuomintang troops on the mainland either surrendered or were annihilated. Only the Xinjiang region still has bandits and remnants of the Kuomintang remaining, and it is urgent to eradicate the banditry.

Among the bandits, there was a relatively powerful one named Usman. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he oppressed the people internally and colluded with American intelligence agents externally, betraying the country and seeking glory.

This force quickly attracted the attention of the Party Central Committee. In order to deal with the Usman tribe, Marshal Zhu De proposed to use armored units to encircle and suppress this group of bandits.

Is Usman really that powerful? Do we still need to dispatch armored troops to clear it up?

Unite villagers to fight against warlords

In 1899, Usman was born into a herdsman family. At that time, the Qing government had already had internal and external troubles and had neglected its jurisdiction over the Xinjiang region. Usman's family made a living by selling livestock, and the family conditions at that time were not good. He is considered extremely wealthy, but he can still satisfy his food and clothing problems.

At that time, all the rights in Xinjiang were in the hands of the nobles, so Usman's father realized that if his child was allowed to herd sheep like him, he would always be in the civilian class and not have much future. Only by studying hard and getting an official position can you change your destiny. Therefore, while his peers were herding sheep, Usman was reading and writing.

In addition, Usman was often exposed to guns at home, which resulted in Usman becoming both civil and military at a young age. The familiarity with firearms is even greater than that of veterans who have been in the army for more than 5 years. Whether it's a pistol, rifle, submachine gun , the parts are mixed together, Usman can reassemble them in a very short time, and his marksmanship is also very accurate.

Well-educated and an accurate shooter, Usman immediately became what the neighbors call "other people's children". He was also very popular among his peers.

Usman are Altay region Kazakhs. The Kazakhs are the largest ethnic group in the area, with about 51,000 people. Therefore, the rulers of this area are also Kazakhs. Usman often listened to the elders of the tribe telling stories about the nomadic people's wars, so he determined to become a figure like Genghis Khan .

Since ancient times, "heroes emerge in troubled times." The Soviet Union has coveted Xinjiang since ancient times, intending to further expand its territory. Therefore, it secretly colluded with various ethnic groups and tribes to sow discord, causing unrest in Xinjiang. Usman He also participated in the conflict and got an official position during the turmoil.

Soon, Fengzhi warlord Sheng Shicai led the army to suppress the unrest. Sheng Shicai nominally came to Xinjiang to quell the rebellion, but in fact he wanted to become the warlord leader of one of the separatist parties.

Soon, Sheng Shicai relied on his own force to become the administrative and military chief of Xinjiang, becoming a veritable "King of Xinjiang." Sheng Shicai had just arrived and had no prestige, so he decided to do something to give the locals a show of authority.

The Kazakhs, who were the most powerful at that time, bore the brunt of the attack. Wherever Sheng Shicai's army went, they burned, killed, looted, and committed all kinds of evil. In the name of collecting taxes, they took away some livestock and food from herdsmen. As long as the herdsmen resisted, the army would shoot them without mercy.

The Kazakh village was a river of blood and a mess. And all this was seen by Usman. Seeing his compatriots being killed, he decided to stand up and lead the villagers to resist Sheng Shicai.

Because Usman's tribe had long-standing grievances against Shengshicai, and Usman was already very prestigious, everyone responded actively to the call for uprising. In Usman's hometown Keketuohai the first uprising broke out.

When fighting against Sheng Shicai's army, Usman was very brave, and he did not lose any of the marksmanship he learned when he was young. It is said that his combat effectiveness was very strong at that time, and he could locate the enemy by hearing the sound. Shooting to kill the enemy outside the field of vision was like searching for something.

When the Kazakhs saw Usman, they were like people in the dark seeing the light. The number of rebels was increasing. Sheng Shicai also sent troops to suppress the rebels. Because the scale of the rebels expanded too fast, the number of people was reduced. The ingredients were complex, so Sheng Shicai secretly sent people to collude with individual backbones of the rebel army, using money and official positions to bribe them. Soon the rebel army began to split internally, and its combat effectiveness dropped sharply.

In addition, the equipment of Usman's rebel army was not good. Many of them were still holding hunting guns. Even Usman had three heads and six arms, he could not defeat Sheng Shicai's army.

The rebels were defeated one after another and suffered heavy losses. Even Usman's family fell into the hands of Sheng Shicai and suffered torture in prison. At the end of the fight, Usman only had more than 40 cronies left, including only three guns.

Although Usman was defeated, his status in the hearts of the Kazakhs did not decline at all. After all, he had extremely strong fighting power and was the first person to stand up and lead the people to resist the warlords.

After all, the mass base is still there, and Usman once again mobilized more than 3,000 troops in just one year. Usman profoundly summarized the lessons of previous failures and realized the gap between the enemy and ourselves.

At that time, most of the people who participated in the rebel army were herdsmen. They grew up on horses and had excellent riding skills. Usman took advantage of this and formed countless guerrilla squads.

These small teams go out everywhere, specifically to attack Sheng Shicai's scattered army. Since they are all cavalry, they can come and go without a trace, killing people and surrendering their guns in one go.

Sheng Shicai was furious about this and sent troops to encircle Usman many times. Facing Usman's highly mobile troops, Sheng Shicai not only gained nothing, but was also led by the rebels. Many times they are chasing a group of cavalry in front with all their strength, and there is another group of cavalry on the side and rear who are constantly harassing the rear. When they want to counterattack, both groups of cavalry have disappeared.

Although Sheng Shicai has a large number of people and good equipment, he has no way to deal with this kind of tactics. Whenever the troops carry out large-scale operations, they will be accompanied by casualties.

Usman relied on his military exploits to gain a higher and higher reputation. More and more people began to gather around Usman, and the size of the army became larger and larger.

However, many of these people were thieves and robbers, and as the food and grass problem increasingly needed to be solved, this rebel army gradually deteriorated. They not only attacked warlords, but also robbed ordinary people.

The rebels gradually turned into bandits, robbing herdsmen and expropriating food. Compared with Sheng Shicai, this group of people was more ferocious and even looted all the food in 11 counties within a month.

Usman also ordered the rebellious herdsmen to be tied up and dragged with horses. In the end, the poor herdsmen were beyond recognition. Usman then ordered the dying herdsmen to be brought back to the village, telling the people that this was the fate of resistance.

During the Anti-Japanese War, he betrayed his country and sought glory.

After several years of management, Usman has become very powerful in Xinjiang, with strong troops and horses. During the late Qing Dynasty, Tsarist Russia coveted China's Xinjiang region and secretly funded html Aguba in an attempt to split China. Thanks to the famous patriotic general Zuo Zongtang, Tsarist Russia failed to succeed.

After the founding of the Soviet Union, it also wanted to reach out to Xinjiang many times in an attempt to expand its territory. Especially after the Nanjing National Government showed a pro-American attitude, the Soviet Union's intentions became more and more obvious.

At that time, China was at its most tense time of fighting the Japanese invaders, and the Xinjiang region was too far away from the main battlefield. Chiang Kai-shek did not have the energy to divide his forces to govern the Xinjiang region, so he could only temporarily entrust Xinjiang to the warlord Sheng Shicai.

At that time, many warlords had already declared to change their banner and were loyal to the Nanjing National Government, and Chiang Kai-shek did not treat them badly. Even the "boss" of the Fengzhi warlords Zhang Xueliang was no exception.

Sheng Shicai also understood very well that his own strength was not very strong to begin with, and even a small Usman could fool him around. If the Anti-Japanese War was over and the National Government launched an army to attack, he would have no chance of winning, and Xinjiang In this land of right and wrong, I really can't be considered a warlord with my few soldiers and horses.

Now the opportunity has come. If he joins Chiang Kai-shek, he will not only guarantee his current official position, but also throw the burden of Xinjiang to Chiang Kai-shek, why not do it.

Sheng Shicai also worked very hard to win Chiang Kai-shek's trust, and conducted a large-scale search for progressive people with "red" tendencies in Xinjiang. These actions of Sheng Shicai won the favor of Chiang Kai-shek, but left the Soviets on pins and needles.

In 1941, the Soviets decided to support a new local force in order to counter Sheng Shicai. The eyes of the Soviet people were immediately attracted by Usman, who had been confronting Sheng Shicai all year round.

After all, China and the Soviet Union were both in the anti-fascist camp at the time, and it was inconvenient for the Soviet Union to directly provide support to Usman, so the Soviets found an intermediary to do this for them.

But Outer Mongolia became the best choice. The Soviet Union first provided a large amount of food, weapons, and medicine to Outer Mongolia on the pretext of supporting Outer Mongolia in resisting Japan. Then these materials would be secretly sent to Usman. superior. In addition, the Soviets also sent military advisers to Usman in an attempt to transform this bandit force into a regular army.

The Soviets and Usmandi have increasingly close contacts. The two sides often engage in arms transactions. The Soviets provide weapons and Usmani provides livestock. With the support of the Soviets, Usman's troops grew larger and larger.

After all, there are already Soviets behind him, and Usman is becoming more and more swollen. He is no longer satisfied with being a "mountain king", and his political demands are getting bigger and bigger.

In 1943, Usman established the Altay Kazakh Restoration Committee. Just hearing the name is enough to know how ambitious Usman was. As a result, this bandit army began to transform into an army.

Under the leadership of Usman, the committee's troops began to siege cities and territories in Xinjiang, and successively occupied Keketuohai, Qinghe County, Bulultuohai and other areas.

In October, the committee also established the Altay Provisional Government, with Usman serving as "Government Chairman." As a result, Usman became a separatist warlord in Xinjiang.

In 1945, the ambitious Us was not satisfied with the status quo and decided to further legalize his power. Under the instigation of the Soviets, he incorporated all the territories he occupied into the Republic of East Turkestan. "East Turkistan" has always tried to take my country's Xinjiang as its own, and Usman's approach is undoubtedly splitting China.

However, Usman failed to understand the world situation this time. Japan announced its unconditional surrender that year, China and the Soviet Union signed the "Sino-Soviet Friendship Treaty", Us had no value to the Soviets, and the "East Turkistan" was also It succumbed to the military pressure of the Nationalist Government and announced its end in 1946.

Usman originally wanted to exchange for his political status at the cost of betraying the country. Unfortunately, due to bad luck, he once again became an unknown grass bandit. So he simply chose to join the Kuomintang. At this time, Usman was no longer a Kazakh hero. All he could think about was high-ranking officials and generous salaries.

With the support of the Kuomintang, Wusman committed all kinds of evil and became the second most prosperous person in Xinjiang. His power also grew, and his number once reached 50,000.

But Chiang Kai-shek was defeated in the civil war . After the founding of New China, Usman also surrendered to the People's Liberation Army, but this was only verbal. At that time, the United States had always adopted a hostile attitude towards the new Chinese regime and often sent agents to the mainland of China to carry out sabotage.

The then deputy consul of Urumqi, Marknan, was an agent sent to China by the CIA, specializing in colluding with local warlords and causing chaos for the central government.

Maknan and Usman are in cahoots and have been trying to split China. So the Americans came out with guns and Usman came out with men. The troops once again returned to their true nature and committed evil in Xinjiang.

was eventually wiped out by the People's Liberation Army.

The actions of Usman and Maknan have long been known to our army's intelligence personnel, and our party is well aware of all their conspiracies. In November 1949, General Wang Zhen led the People's Liberation Army to Xinjiang. After all, Usman had led the people to resist the reactionary warlords at that time, and our party also gave him enough opportunities to abandon the dark side and join the bright side.

Wang Zhen first sent personnel to communicate with Usman and publicize our party's policies and attitude towards ethnic minorities to him, hoping that Usman could put down his arms and become a good leader serving the people again.

Usman not only disagreed, but also launched a rebellion with a Kuomintang cavalry unit stranded in Xinjiang. This news made Chiang Kai-shek in Taiwan very happy, and he immediately declared Usman as the "Commander-in-Chief of the Anti-Communist and Restoration Army in Xinjiang."

Usman really took the commander-in-chief seriously, robbed people everywhere, coerced young men to join his team, and launched an attack on the PLA troops stationed in Hami . This army is as wild and untamable as ever, burning, killing, looting, and committing all kinds of evil.

In 1950, Luo Shaowei, deputy commander of the 16th Division of the Sixth Army of the People's Liberation Army, was ambushed by a guerrilla group of Usman on his way to the front line for reconnaissance. Luo Shaowei died on the spot. Usman also ordered his men to remove Luo Shaowei's eyes, heart and other organs. Dig it out.

Wang Zhen was very angry when he learned about the situation. He immediately asked the central government for instructions and asked him to lead his troops to destroy this group of daring bandits. After Chairman Mao learned of the situation, he ordered all parts of the country to put the suppression of bandits first and ensure the safety of local people.

Marshal Zhu De is also very concerned about this matter. "The reason why the Usman tribe has been rampant in Xinjiang for many years is because it relies on its highly mobile cavalry troops. To deal with Usman, armored troops still have to be used."

Marshal Zhu De said before After analyzing the battles that Usman had participated in, this proposal hit Usman's vital point. Using armored troops to deal with high-mobility cavalry was the best strategy.

On April 14, 1950, General Wang Zhen sent 6 regiments with a total of more than 10,000 people and 41 tanks to begin the encirclement and suppression of Usman in Xinjiang. In addition, the People's Liberation Army also had a reconnaissance aircraft . To search for Usman's troops.

The People's Liberation Army soldiers divided into two groups and encircled Usman's lair. After the battle began, chaos began to arise within Usman's army. These soldiers were common people who were recruited by Usman by force. They didn't want to fight, so when they heard the sound of gunshots, they ran away.

The People's Liberation Army, which detoured to the rear of Usman's lair, also launched an attack. Usman's main force was quickly defeated by the People's Liberation Army, but Usman managed to escape by virtue of the terrain.

Although he only had more than 20 followers when he escaped, he continued to recruit troops and rob people along the way. The People's Liberation Army also responded actively, adding troops to various transportation nodes and sending troops to protect residential areas from Usman's destruction.

Under the large-scale searches of the People's Liberation Army, Usman's troops were lost one after another, and he had become a "slick commander." Usman saw that he could not stay in Xinjiang, so he sneaked into Gansu.

But the people’s eyes were sharp, and his identity was quickly recognized by a herdsman. After the local government learned of the situation, it still adopted a lenient attitude toward Usman.

But Usman thought this was the weakness of our party. He first asked for 150 kilograms of flour, and then began to disappear. The government's patience was finally exhausted, so it began to arrest Usman with all its strength.

In the end, Usman was captured by the People's Liberation Army on an ice lake. This ruthless gangster was escorted to Dihua, Xinjiang for trial. During the interrogation, Usman refused to explain his crimes. After learning that the CIA agent Mark Nan had been killed by our army, Usman confessed his crime.

As a Muslim, before his execution, Usman requested to go outside for a walk, hoping to pray five times a day. Our party agreed to his request and sent people to pray with him every day.

On April 29, 1951, Usman's public trial was held in a square in Dihua County. Usman was eventually sentenced to the death penalty . This evil bandit finally ended his life.

Usman's deeds are not only deeply touching, but he was also a man of faith. When he harmed the people, why didn't he think that his actions would be seen by his holy Lord "Allah". Before dying, showing his devotion to his faith not only seemed extremely hypocritical, but also extremely ridiculous.

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