Foreword: At
Soong Ching Ling
attended the funeral and heard the controversy
Premier Zhou Enlai passed away, and her friend Song Qingling was very sad.
On January 8, 1976, a news that caused grief to countless people across the country came. Zhou Enlai Premier, has left his people forever. At this time, there was an 80-year-old man in Shanghai crying bitterly at home. She was Ms. Soong Ching Ling. After hearing the news, Soong Ching Ling cried at home for two days.
Although she is over 80 years old, Soong Ching Ling, who has some mobility problems, decided to go to Beijing to send her old friend as a gift. Soong Ching Ling and Zhou Enlai met decades ago, and they supported each other on the road of revolution. For Soong Ching Ling, Zhou Enlai is undoubtedly her confidant. However, when Soong Ching Ling arrived in Beijing, she would hear such a harsh sound.
Soong Ching Ling met Zhou Enlai through the introduction of Mr. Sun Yat-sen. In 1921, Sun Yat-sen formulated the policy of "Union the Communist Party" and actively promoted the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. Later, Sun Yat-sen established Huangpu Military Academy in Guangzhou. In order to reflect the friendly cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, there were many Communist Party members serving at the Whampoa Military Academy at that time.
Mr. Sun Yat-sen
In the same year, Zhou Enlai returned from studying in France. Under the arrangement of the party organization, Zhou Enlai served as the director of the political department of the Whampoa Military Academy. After
Soong Ching Ling
Soong Ching Ling learned of this situation, the Red Cross Society of the Northern Expedition Wounded Rescue was formed.Zhou Enlai was very grateful to Soong Ching Ling for what she had done and put forward many suggestions for the work of the Red Cross. In the context of the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party , both Zhou Enlai and Soong Ching Ling were striving for a common revolutionary goal. The two cherished each other and became good friends.
But with the death of Mr. Sun Yat-sen, Soong Ching Ling's identity has plunged her into a political whirlpool. Chiang Kai-shek could not wait to betray the revolution, and the cooperation between the KMT and the Communist Party broke down. Everyone thought Soong Ching Ling would support Chiang Kai-shek, but Soong Ching Ling did not hesitate to choose to stand on the side of the Communist Party.
After the collapse of the KMT-CPC cooperation, Zhou Enlai, He Long, Li Lisan, Ye Ting, Zhu De, Liu Bocheng, and Tan Pingshan led the Nanchang Uprising and fired the first shot of armed opposition to the Kuomintang reactionaries. After Soong Ching Ling heard the news of the uprising, she immediately contacted 22 revolutionaries and jointly issued the "Central Committee Declaration" in support of Zhou Enlai.
Because of Soong Ching Ling's identity, she has a huge influence in the KMT. Therefore, after Soong Ching Ling publicly expressed support for the Communist Party, Chiang Kai-shek was very dissatisfied. Although dissatisfied, due to Soong Ching Ling's relationship with herself and her influence, Chiang Kai-shek did not dare to make some excessive moves.
In order to win over Soong Ching Ling, Chiang Kai-shek kept looking for people to persuade him and kept writing to Soong Ching Ling. Seeing Soong Ching Ling's resolute attitude, Chiang Kai-shek also tried to threaten her. Soong Ching Ling's younger brother Song Ziwen told Soong Ching Ling when he was talking to her. If you do not support Chiang Kai-shek, it is best not to stay in Shanghai.
Due to the influence of the Song family, Chiang Kai-shek did not attack Soong Ching Ling in the end. However, Chiang Kai-shek also ordered to strictly monitor Soong Ching Ling. For this reason, Soong Ching Ling decided to go to the Soviet Union and avoid Chiang Kai-shek. During the period in the Soviet Union, I saw the happy life of the Soviet people,Soong Ching Ling has a better understanding and recognition of communism.
Soong Ching Ling
Soong Ching Ling's contribution to our party
As Sun Yat-sen's widow, Soong Ching Ling has made great contributions to the revolution!
After the September 18th Incident, facing the brutal behavior of the Japanese invaders, Chiang Kai-shek not only did not resist the Japanese, but increased his strength to oppress the Communist Party. At this time, Soong Ching Ling could no longer stand by and decided to return to China. As soon as he returned to China, Soong Ching Ling was monitored by KMT secret agents. However, Soong Ching Ling was not in the slightest fear. She secretly contacted Zhou Enlai and asked if there was anything she could help.
Zhou Enlai was very moved. At this time, Chiang Kai-shek was hunting down the whereabouts of the Communist Party, and the organization often moved. Therefore, Zhou Enlai asked Soong Ching Ling to help keep some confidential party documents to prevent them from falling into the hands of the Kuomintang. In 1934, due to the wrong command of and others, our army was forced to start the transfer, and the Long March began.
After the Long March ended successfully, it attracted worldwide attention. Everyone was shocked by this miracle in the history of human warfare, and many foreign media wanted to interview the Communist Party. However, due to the harsh domestic struggle situation at this time, it is not easy to arrive in Yan'an smoothly.
American reporter Snow learned about the relationship between Soong Ching Ling and our party, so he came to Shanghai and found her. I hope that through Soong Ching Ling, I can reach Yan'an smoothly. After Soong Ching Ling and Snow met, she thought this was a very rare opportunity for the Communist Party. Through this interview, the international community can truly understand the revolutionary struggle of the Chinese Communist Party.
So Soong Ching Ling wrote a letter to Zhou Enlai,This matter was described in detail. Zhou Enlai also realized the importance of this opportunity and agreed to Snow to come to Yan'an. Under the arrangement of the party organization and Soong Ching Ling, the underground members of the CCP took Snow, crossed the Kuomintang blockade, and safely arrived in northern Shaanxi.
Snow interviewed many leaders of the Communist Party here and learned about the significance of the Communist Party's revolution. After leaving Yan'an, Snow compiled what he saw and heard during the interview and bound them into a book. Once the book was published, it caused an uproar in the international arena. This is the famous " red star illuminates China ".
After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japan, Soong Ching Ling gave another public speech, seeking assistance from the international community for China. At the same time, Soong Ching Ling continued to secretly discuss anti-Japanese matters with our party. Soong Ching Ling's life can also be said to have contributed a lot to the development of our party.
Soong Ching Ling is a close comrade and comrade of our party. Zhou Enlai's wife, Deng Yingchao, once invited Soong Ching Ling to participate in anti-Japanese activities. In the process of getting along, the two also became good friends. After the Pacific War broke out, Hong Kong is no longer safe. In order to protect Soong Ching Ling's safety, Zhou Enlai and others decided to take Soong Ching Ling to Chongqing. During his stay in Chongqing, Soong Ching Ling was still busy for the revolutionary cause until the founding of New China.
Pacific War
Both Chairman Mao and Premier Zhou wanted to invite Soong Ching Ling to participate in the founding ceremony of . Deng Yingchao volunteered to pick Soong Ching Ling. Deng Yingchao came to Shanghai with a letter written by Chairman Mao and Premier Zhou. After learning about Deng Yingchao's coming, Soong Ching Ling did not want to go. Because Sun Yat-sen died in Beiping more than 20 years ago.
However,Soong Ching Ling was greatly moved after seeing the letter written by Chairman Mao and Premier Zhou. In the end, they agreed to go to Peking with Deng Yingchao. After the founding of New China, in order to improve China's international image. The Party Central Committee decided to establish an English newspaper. Since Soong Ching Ling had some work experience before, she set out to prepare it. In the end, under the efforts of Soong Ching Ling, the English magazine " China Construction " was successfully published in 1952.
After the death of the people
Participating in the memorial service was misunderstood. Soong Ching Ling left angrily. Premier Zhou will always live in the hearts of the people!
After this, Soong Ching Ling and Zhou Enlai both contributed to the development of New China. In 1976, after learning of the death of Premier Zhou Enlai, Soong Ching Ling insisted on going to Beijing to attend the memorial service. Since Soong Ching Ling is already over 80 years old at this time, there are still many illnesses of the elderly. With the support of the two adopted daughters, Soong Ching Ling participated in the farewell ceremony of the remains. Seeing Premier Zhou's thin face, Soong Ching Ling couldn't help crying again.
A few days later, when Soong Ching Ling attended the memorial service, she suddenly heard someone say that she was the "Prime Minister's Gang". Soong Ching Ling was very angry when she heard this, and the revolutionary friendship between herself and Zhou Enlai for decades was misunderstood. The more she thought about it, the more angry she got, and finally stood up directly and left the memorial service. When she returned home, Soong Ching Ling's anger had not subsided. She said to her adopted daughter, “Zhou Enlai dedicated all his life for the country, and there are people who slander him. I think I should resign and go back to Shanghai for the elderly.”
Premier Zhou Enlai, as one of the founders of the Communist Party of China, is a diplomacy with Chinese characteristics. The founder of. His contribution to China is obvious to all people.
After the founding of New China,Zhou Enlai served as the prime minister of the government and later concurrently as the minister of foreign affairs. He was the founder of diplomacy with Chinese characteristics. In 1945, Zhou Enlai led a Chinese government delegation to attend the Geneva meeting . This meeting successfully resolved the Indochina issue and consolidated the stability of my country's southern border. At the same time, it also demonstrated China's foreign policy to the world and demonstrated its great power.
Zhou Enlai not only has outstanding achievements in diplomacy, but also attaches great importance to my country's economy and people's livelihood. In 1949, New China had just been established, and a hundred wastes were waiting to be revived. Under the leadership of Premier Zhou Enlai, the national economy has recovered the fastest. By 1952, the national industrial and agricultural output value reached the highest in history! During the "First Five-Year Plan" period, Premier Zhou led a number of industrial production plans, laying the foundation for China's industrial development.
Premier Zhou also attached great importance to water conservancy construction and the development of national defense science and technology. When studying in Japan, Zhou Enlai once said, "I would like to meet when China takes off to the world." After the founding of New China, Premier Zhou's desire to "go to heaven" became stronger. To study the atomic bomb, we must have advanced technology, instruments and equipment. These resources are very scarce for the new China that has just experienced the war.
The core technology for making atomic bombs is in the hands of Western powers. Zhou Enlai seized the crucial period of Soviet assistance to our country, and won technical support from the Soviet side for atomic bomb manufacturing. But in the face of the support and assistance of the Soviet Union, Premier Zhou Enlai said that we should not rely solely on the help of the Soviet Union. We must develop our own science and technology and cultivate high-tech talents.
After the efforts of scientific research experts, with the help of the Soviet Union, the research of the atomic bomb has made great progress. But in 1960, Sino-Soviet relations deteriorated, and the Soviet government withdrew all the technical personnel assisting China and took away all the drawings. For the research at the time, this behaviorIt is undoubtedly a heavy blow.
At this critical juncture, Zhou Enlai insisted on the decision of the Party Central Committee and actively encouraged everyone, not afraid to start from scratch. In November 1962, a special committee was established to solve the national defense issue. During the development of the atomic bomb, the Central Committee held several meetings to resolve many issues. During the atomic bomb test stage, Zhou Enlai was even more cautious to ensure success. At the same time, he made repeated orders not to affect the normal lives of the people.
Qian Xuesen later recalled that Premier Zhou really took out his experience in commanding the army. It is precisely because of Premier Zhou’s dedication and the hard work of countless scientific researchers that finally exploded China’s first atomic bomb on October 16, 1964. After the success of the atomic bomb test, Mao Zedong gave the instruction that "the atomic bomb must be available, and the hydrogen bomb must also be fast", so the researchers once again invested in the research and development of the hydrogen bomb.
Qian Xuesen
Premier Zhou Enlai instructed everyone to work hard to overcome difficulties. On June 17, 1967, my country's first hydrogen bomb exploded. It was only two years and eight months since the explosion of the first atomic bomb, which was the fastest speed in the world at that time. The "two bombs" were successfully developed, and then the "one star" development work was entered.
In 1956, Qian Xuesen proposed to the central government the idea of developing satellites. In 1967, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held a meeting on the development of the first artificial satellite , and officially named China’s first artificial satellite " Dongfanghong-1 ". During the satellite development process,The whole country cooperates. On April 24, 1970, the "Dongfanghong No. 1" lifted off smoothly, celebrating the whole country.
In 1972, Premier Zhou Enlai was diagnosed with bladder cancer , but he continued to work with illness. At this time, China and the United States have just begun to establish diplomatic relations, and there are still many things that need to be dealt with. Premier Zhou dragged the patient to work in this way, and finally couldn't support being admitted to the hospital. During his hospital stay, Premier Zhou had undergone several operations and still insisted on handling government affairs.
In his letter to Chairman Mao, Premier Zhou said that he can still fight, he still has 61 kilograms, and he can still work. In the last period of his life, Premier Zhou's health went from bad to worse, and he had blood in his stool. The nurse and doctor who took care of him were not unmoved by the Premier.
Zhou Enlai's diplomatic talent and patriotism are obvious to all. He not only has his own principles and beliefs, but also has superhuman ingenuity and superb negotiation skills. These advantages have been fully reflected in Premier Zhou's handling of the Xi'an Incident , and later the Chongqing negotiations , and the leadership of the Korean armistice negotiations . Hemingway said with emotion after visiting Zhou Enlai: "Zhou Enlai is a man of great charm and wisdom."
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