His eyes are dull, and his eyes are blank. Many people think that he is a madman and has been locked in a fool, but no one thought that this "fool" is a great warrior.
He is the prototype of the novel " Hongyan " Hua Ziliang . He is a "crazy old man" in prison, but he is also a revolutionary fighter on the underground front- Han Zidong .
Today's Xingfu Street beside Citong Road, Ciqikou, Chongqing, is located in the Han Zidong Memorial Room. It shows us the legendary experience of Han Zidong in more detail. Visiting this memorial room also brings our thoughts back to the thrilling The era of...
Han Zidong Memorial Room interior view
Han Zidong was born in 1908. He had studied in private schools for several years in his early years. His parents hoped that he could go out and become a "show talent". Become a hard worker.
Han Zidong is also very competitive. His academic performance has always been among the best in the class. Knowledge has also opened up his horizons, which also laid an important foundation for him in the future.
In 1926, the Northern Expedition broke out. The Northern Expedition army swept through Wu Peifu, Sun Chuanfang and many other warlords like autumn leaves. After this battle, Beiyang Warlord basically ended its rule in China, and at the same time, Three People's Principles_ The idea of span4span was further spread.
Han Zidong was still a vigorous young man at the time. Seeing such progressive thinking and the seemingly prosperous situation of China, he couldn’t help being overwhelmed with joy. There is a way out!"
So he happily joined the Kuomintang, but Sun Yat-sen has passed away, and the revolutionary arrogance seems to be extinguished as soon as it ignites.
On April 12, 1927, Chiang Kai-shek brazenly launched the "April 12" counter-revolutionary coup,The revolutionary cause at that time was wrecked violently, and the Communists were massacred. The National Revolution finally died.
Chiang Kai-shek launched a counter-revolutionary coup
On July 15 of the same year, Wang Jingwei launched the "July 15" counter-revolutionary coup. At the end of the year, Ning Han converged, and white terror shrouded the land of China.
Han Zidong only reacted at this time. It turns out that the so-called Three People's Principles of the Kuomintang are nothing but empty airs and cannot save China at all. It is just a trick to play with the hearts of the people.
He denounced the hypocrisy and stubbornness of the Kuomintang, and at the same time he began to rethink, how can we save China?
In 1930, with the help of relatives and friends, he came to Peiping. In order to make a living, he went to a Spring and Autumn Bookstore and became a bookkeeper.
In Beiping at that time, progressive thinking was very prosperous, and the atmosphere of revolution was strong. As a bookkeeper, he could naturally accept many progressive thinking.
He is often over-indulged in these progressive books, causing customers to fail to hear the questions he asked. He was surprised to find that there was one idea in these books that attracted him the most, and that was Marxism.
He accepted Marxism and gradually became a communist fighter.
At that time, he suffered from no path. Although he had ambitions, he had no channels. However, he still met many like-minded friends in the bookstores, one of whom was Zhou Yi.
Zhou Yi often came to the Spring and Autumn Bookstore to find Han Zidong and took the initiative to chat with him. The two soon became good friends who talked about everything.
Zhou Yi actually started to pay attention to Han Zidong. One day, Zhou Yi came to the Chunqiu Bookstore. When she was buying books, she never saw the waiter. At the same time, she saw a young man reading revolutionary books attentively, so she gave him an interest. After all, he is Han Zidong.
In addition, Zhou Yi is not just an ordinary woman, she is the core of our party Beijing Teke. At that time, Beijing Teke was just established.There was an urgent need for members to develop and grow, so Zhou Yi began to search everywhere for members who could develop.
After a long time of contact, Zhou Yi discovered that Han Zidong possessed lofty revolutionary baggage and political ideals. He was an upright and capable young man with lofty ideals, so he threw an olive branch to him.
"If you want to join the Communist Party of China, I can be your party introducer." Zhou Yi said to Han Zidong.
Han Zidong couldn't believe that the opportunity he had pursued all his life was in front of him. He did not hesitate to say: "I do!"
In 1932, Han Zidong joined the Communist Party of China. Because of his special status as a student, he began underground work. At the same time, the Spring and Autumn Bookstore became the secret office of Beijing Teke.
Later, the organization ordered Han Zidong to break into the enemy organization " 蓝衣社" and secretly send intelligence to our party, and this "blue clothing society" will be the predecessor of the military command of one of the Kuomintang spy agencies in the future, and infiltrate the enemy. Internally, it means that lives may be in danger anytime, anywhere.
But Han Zidong resolutely agreed and successfully penetrated the enemy. At that time, the internal management of the "Blue Clothes Club" was very strict. Members were assigned to different groups, and each group had different tasks, and communication between groups was not allowed.
In addition, the members of the organization will also monitor each other, which brings great obstacles to Han Zidong's collection of intelligence.
But the so-called soldiers came to cover the water and soil, Han Zidong still figured out a way. He knew that the "Blue Clothes Club" was still not strong enough at this time, and was recruiting members everywhere, most of which were students.
Blue Clothes Club member
After knowing this, Han Zidong began to use school clubs to obtain information through exchanges between students.
Soon, Han Zidong became the school’s "big star" and received more and more attention. On this day, Han Zidong, as usual, secretly searched for information for the organization.But he saw a group of military police escorting a person to the prison, and he faintly saw that it was a comrade he had secretly developed.
In the end, the traitor betrayed him.
After knowing that he was reported and exposed, Han Zidong went home to take shelter from the limelight. A few months later, seeing the situation gradually subsided, he returned to Peking.
The gendarmerie team found him and arrested him. It was raining heavy rain in Beiping that day...
The investigators hated him and imposed harsh punishments on Han Zidong, but they never got any useful information. The third regiment of the military police was angry and helpless.
Han Zidong faced the enemy’s torture and said: "Even if you strip me off, I won’t tell you any secrets."
Han Zidong refused to admit all accusations, and the enemy treated him as a serious offender of military discipline. Detained and identified as a political prisoner, sentenced to life imprisonment.
According to Chen Zhaohui, deputy director of the Party History Research Office of the Shaping District Committee: “Han Zidong in prison is taciturn and always cleans up, and often walks back and forth alone, showing weird behavior and dementia. Stay, this paralyzed the spies' nerves to a large extent."
Perhaps because of the long detention time and the series of strange behaviors of Han Zidong, the prison guards thought he was stupid, a veritable lunatic, and Call him "crazy old man".
Later, Han Zidong stayed with Luo Shiwen, secretary of the Special Committee of Sichuan and Kangxi of the Communist Party of China. Luo Shiwen learned of Han Zidong’s true identity and intentions through conversations. In order to understand the rescue of the comrades in prison, they began an escape operation, but they appeared in the escape plan. Serious disagreement.
Han Zidong advocates creating conditions for a collective escape, and everyone should go together, while Luo Shiwen advocates that one can go one by one, and the loss should be minimized. Comrades who go out should report in detail to the party organization.
In July 1946, Xifeng Prison was revoked, and Han Zidong, Luo Shiwen, Che Yaoxian and others were transferred to the magic cave " Zhazidong " and "White Mansion".
Most of the prisoners here are "political prisoners". As soon as he came in, Han Zidong found that this prison was much stricter than Xifeng Prison, with more guards, tight security, and very dark nights. Such a depressing atmosphere made everyone Out of breath.
Han Zidong returns to Xifeng Prison
Han Zidong understands that if he wants to escape as a whole, he will pay a huge price.
However, not long after arriving in Chongqing, on August 18, the prison head said to Luo Shiwen: "I will send you to Nanjing in one or two days." It was secretly written on the banner: "This is going to be a lot of bad luck, and raising our flag."
Luo Shiwen, Che Yaoxian and others were escorted to Nanjing, but the comrades all know that their trip is never gone. Returning, before leaving, Luo Shiwen said to Han Zidong: "If you can, you can implement your plan as much as possible, but remember to protect everyone's lives."
Han Zidong's heart was burned fiercely He didn't want to see his former comrade-in-arms leave him, but he was helpless, Han Zidong nodded repeatedly, and then Luo Shiwen smiled and turned away.
Their view of death and their belief in communism deeply affected Han Zidong. He remembered the little things he had with Luo Shiwen, his nose was sour and he couldn't help crying.
The sacrifices of the two comrades made Han Zidong very sad, but he knew that the more such a situation, the more the faith and perseverance of the communists were needed, he remembered Luo Shiwen: 's "don't reveal the identity of the communists", and always kept it in mind The prison escape plan of the party branch in prison, "If all the escapes fail, just go one by one."
Han Zidong secretly started his escape plan.
At this time, Han Zidong was "pretending to be crazy and selling stupid", and at the same time, he never took care of himself.This made him look yellow and thin. He was in his thirties but looked like he was fifty years old. In addition, he had been imprisoned for more than ten years, and he was less responsible, and he was honest, obedient and capable.
The combination of various factors makes the spies more relaxed in his supervision. Some spies once said: "No. 225 (the code name of Han Zidong in prison) even if you release him, he will still come back."
As a result, Han Zidong also has "privilege", he can go to Ciqikou Street outside the prison under the supervision of the secret agent to purchase goods, and this also gives Han Zidong the opportunity to secretly collect information.
Chongqing Ciqikou
Under such circumstances, Han Zidong had to figure out the topography, trenches, guards everywhere, escape passages, etc. of the Bai Mansion to create opportunities for his companions to escape.
"Han Zidong continued to pretend to be crazy and behave stupidly, defrauding the trust of the guards, and the guards let him do the mess, leaving all the dirty work to him." Chen Zhaohui said.
Han Zidong took advantage of the opportunity of going out to work while secretly writing down the nearby situation, and slowly gained a general understanding of the situation in the Bai Mansion. He returned to prison, relied on his memory to draw a topographic map, and handed it to The party branch in prison.
Due to the dim and humid environment of the prison, many people were crowded in a narrow cell, sitting side by side with each other. Han Zidong knew that if this went on, even if he could escape in the future, he would have no energy to get out, so he passed The secret agent gave him the opportunity to manage the food, and the careful arrangements made it possible to improve the food in prison.
The prison where Han Zidong lives
At the same time, in order to keep himself healthy, Han Zidong will take the opportunity to go out and run around a big tree every time, and the secret agents look at him dumbly. He laughed at him and said: "Look, that idiot is going around the tree to entertain himself again." In this way, Han Zidong survived the prison firmly.
Although Han Zidong lowered the vigilance of the agents by pretending to be crazy,But as a professional agent, some traits are not easy to change, such as the look in the eyes.
One day, , the head of the General Affairs Division of the Military Reunification Office, was intoxicated by and came to the White Mansion for inspection. At this time, Han Zidong was running around a tree as usual. The secret agents were already used to his "stupid" behavior. Intoxicated, he couldn't help but glanced at Han Zidong.
Han Zidong's sharp eyes are opposite to the intoxicated eyes. The expression in his eyes can never be the smell of a fool. His years of intoxicated spy experience told him: "A true lunatic can't have such sharp eyes, this person must It’s pretending to be crazy and stupid, and deliberately confuse the spies’ sight."
So he immediately said to the spies around him: "Lock this person up to me and guard them carefully!"
Intoxicated Soon
p0 He was imprisoned, but the prison guard believed that the act of intoxication was a fuss, and it was impossible for a "idiot" to do anything radical. So soon after Shen Zui left, Han Zidong was released again.Han Zidong knew at this time that the situation was getting worse and worse, and his own situation was getting more and more thrilling. He must find the opportunity to escape as soon as possible, otherwise he might never get out again.
The cell door was pushed open, and the dazzling light penetrated in, illuminating the entire cell: "225, take the guy and go with me and go out to buy groceries!" 's call awakened Han Zidong from his sleep. Following the reputation, I found that a guard named Lu Zhaochun was calling him.
Han Zidong knows that Lu Zhaochun is a well-known gambler. Every time he goes out, he will bet a few gamblers. At the same time, this person is careless and loses everything. He is a sloppy ghost.
"After waiting so long, maybe today is a rare opportunity." Han Zidong thought to himself, so he agreed without saying a word.
Han Zidong picked up the "little carrot head" mother Xu Linxia sewed clothes,Put it on the inside, then picked up the dirty prison uniform and put it on the outside, and then walked to the door.
Lu Zhaochun saw that Han Zidong was still wearing such a tight dress on a hot day, sweating like rain, and holding his arms in both hands and said that it was cold or cold, and laughed: "Hey, wearing so much this day, really is a lunatic."
The two were in tandem. Han Zidong wore a straw hat and picked a basket to walk in front. Lu Zhaochun walked behind and walked slowly towards Ciqi Street.
Han Zidong walked and looked for the right time, but he knew that there were so many people on the street that there could be spies everywhere, so he didn't dare to delay too much time, and was ready to go back after shopping.
When they passed a grocery store, they ran into an old acquaintance-Wang Dian. This person was a doctor in the White Mansion. Wang Dian came to say hello when he saw Lu Zhaochun, and then invited Lu Zhaochun to play cards at Hu Weixiang’s home. Lu Zhaochun is a gambler, so he agreed without saying a word.
Han Zidong quietly followed, "This is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity. If this fails, it will be very difficult to encounter this kind of opportunity in the future." Han Zidong muttered in his heart.
Han Zidong who played in the play
Lu Zhaochun came to Hu Weixiang's house. Several people took out mahjong and started gambling. Han Zidong moved a recliner and lay on it quietly fanning his fan and drinking tea.
In order to prevent Han Zidong from escaping, another guard moved a stool to look at him, but this person was absent-minded and focused entirely on mahjong.
Han Zidong observed the changes in the situation calmly. He was waiting, waiting for an excellent opportunity to appear, an opportunity to escape his birth.
Lu Zhaochun lost a lot at the beginning, sighed repeatedly, and even lost his temper. Everyone on the side actively persuaded him, which stabilized Lu Zhaochun. Later, Lu Zhaochun won several times in a row, and suddenly smiled and was very happy.
Han Zidong's eyes beamed, he keenly caught this information, he knew his opportunity was coming.
The first thing is to get rid of the guard, he sees the guard's eyes tightly on the mahjong,So he took out the money and said to him: "You see the chief having such a good time, would you buy some watermelon for them to eat to help them?"
Han Zidong Memorial Indoor Scene
Buy, it’s best to buy some ice to get some ice, and you don’t need to give me the rest of the money.” Han Zidong knew that there were no ice sellers around, so he deliberately asked the guards to buy ice.
Seeing that the guards were gradually moving away, he took off his straw hat and put the basket aside. Han walked up to Lu Zhaochun and yelled to "free his hands." Lu Zhaochun, who was on his head, could not control so much, so he agreed to go to the toilet. .
Han Zidong walked out of the house, pretending to look for a place to go to the toilet, but in fact took off his dirty prison clothes and threw it into the toilet. Then he was about to go over the wall and go out.
But he found that the wall of Hu Weixiang’s house was very high and it was difficult to climb up. When he was at a loss, he found a pole in the corner, so he leaned the pole against the wall and climbed step by step. After crossing the wall, he leaped down and ran out in a stride.
The place where Han Zidong fled
Han Zidong ran wildly, ran to the riverside, got on a boat, and started his 45-day escape life.
Only then did Lu Zhaochun realize that something was wrong, why it took so long to go to the toilet, so he went to the toilet to find him, found the prison uniform he took off and the straw hat on the chair, and saw the pole on the wall at the same time. Knowing that he actually ran away.
Lu Zhaochun suddenly cursed: "I actually ran away!" He immediately sprinted out and chased to the riverside, but at this time Han Zidong had already escaped from birth, and finally Lu Zhaochun found nothing and went back to the White Mansion dejectedly. .
After reporting to the spy chief, the spy chief was furious and ordered the entire prison to be under martial law. He began to send police dogs to search everywhere. He went to the river and found no trace of Han Zidong. The spies patrolled the cell and the whole prison was lit up. brightly lit.
After disembarking,Han Zidong went to places with many mountains. In order to prevent the enemy from catching up, he cut off a few branches and sharpened them along the way to become a self-defense weapon. While running, he put on plain clothes and disguised himself as an ordinary citizen.
At the same time, he originally planned to go to the northern Sichuan guerrilla area, because he heard that there are Li Xiannian's troops there, but after careful consideration, he decided to go to the North China Liberated Area, but this also means that the road is farther and will be Harder.
After Han Zidong arrived at Zhaojiatuo, he needed to use a boat to carry himself to Yichang. After repeated negotiations with the boat owner, the boat owner agreed, and saw that Han Zidong’s shoes were torn and torn and his feet hurt everywhere, so he took his own Loan him a pair of old cloth shoes.
Han Zidong was very happy. After arriving in Yichang, he urgently needed a place to live, but at that time, all the hotels did not accept people without good citizen certificates. After many turnovers, Han Zidong finally found a place to rest.
Then Han Zidong went to the outskirts of Yichang, hoping to find a boat to Shanghai or Nanjing, but after searching for a long time, he couldn't find it, but there was a boat boss willing to take him to Hankou.
After he got on the boat, Han Zidong changed his name to Guang, a native of Xuchang, Henan. He chatted and laughed with the boat boss, and the boat boss also liked to listen to the stories he told him and was willing to provide him with directions.
Han Zidong later took the road to Xuchang, Henan, and took advantage of Han Ziming's identity to work as a chef in a restaurant for a month. Later, he took the train to Xinxiang. He wanted to borrow and Huaxian to enter Jinji Luyu. Liberated area, but he found that the censorship here was extremely strict, so he had to take a detour.
At dawn, when he walked to the entrance of a village, he found a slogan of the People's Liberation Army. After entering the village, many revolutionary slogans were caught in his eyes. He was overjoyed and immediately ran to the militia to reflect on his situation. After 45 days of eating and sleeping, he was overjoyed. , He finally arrived in the Henan Liberated Area, and he can finally sleep peacefully at home tonight.
Han Zidong
1947,A weather-beaten "old man" walked to Hanzhuang Village, Yanggu County, Shandong Province. He gently walked to a dilapidated wooden door. After hesitating for a long time, he decided to knock on the door.
"Boom, boom, boom."
"Who? I'm coming right now." heard a woman's voice in the house. She opened the door and looked at the vicissitudes of old man, this familiar The strangeness made her have to ask him: "Who are you? Have we met?"
"It's me, I'm Han Zidong, I'm back." Han Zidong said to his wife with tears.
The woman looked surprised, her husband actually came back, tears burst into her face, and the two partners, who hadn't seen her for decades, finally hugged each other tightly.
His wife Wang Yuling and her daughter have been waiting for him for 14 years. The mother and daughter are dependent on each other. Every weekend they will stand at the door of the house and wait for Han Zidong, but as the sun sets every day, they have not seen Han Zidong. His figure, fourteen years, fleeting, today, their family is reunited again.
From then on, Han Zidong lived an ordinary life with his wife and daughter. They worked at sunrise, and rested at sunset. They had a great time and enjoyed an extraordinary taste in ordinary days, and this is exactly what Han Zidong lives in prison every day. In the dream.
But due to 14 years of prison life, Han Zidong still has some influence. He can't hear the harsh sound of cooking, nor can he hear the sound of fiddle with keys. This will remind him of his life in prison. Can't help but make him creepy.
Han Zidong and his family photo
After the founding of New China, Han Zidong served as deputy director of of the Ministry of Personnel, deputy director of the Second Bureau of the Ministry of Machinery, deputy director of the General Office of the State Technical Commission, , deputy secretary of the Guiyang municipal party committee, etc. Position,Lu Zhaochun, who was later captured in the liberation war , was finally sent home to farm.
38 years later, the two met again. At this time, their social status and social environment have undergone tremendous changes. In the vicissitudes of life, Han Zidong held Lu Zhaochun’s hand and said: "Everything in the past has become history. Let's look forward."
After liberation, Han Zidong (left) and Shen Zui
In 1985, Han Zidong donated a pillowcase he carried during his escape to Hongyan Soul Exhibition Hall . Sewn by the mother of "Little Carrot Head", this pillowcase also witnessed the legendary years, and has now become a national first-class cultural relic of .
Han Zidong, a legendary figure, finally died in Guiyang on May 19, 1992 at the age of 84.
When he came, the turmoil of the Republic of China was full of gunpowder; when he left, the country was rich and strong. In 1978, the clarion call for reform and opening up began to sound. He once said that he wanted to witness the fall of the Jiang dynasty and the establishment of socialism. How lucky he was, he saw it all.
He devoted his life to the cause of the party and the people. He is a warrior and a warrior.
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