延安[yán ān]
prefecture-level cities under the jurisdiction of Shaanxi Province
Yan’an, referred to as "Yan", is a prefecture-level city under the jurisdiction of Shaanxi Province, located in the northern part of Shaanxi Province, in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, in the middle-south region of the Loess Plateau, the provincial capital Xi’an 371 kilometers north. It is connected to Yulin in the north, Xianyang, Tongchuan, and Weinan in Guanzhong to the south, Linfen, and Lvliang in Shanxi across the Yellow River in the east, and Qingyang, Gansu to the west. The city has a total area of 37,000 square kilometers and is known as " Sanqin lock key, five-way flap throat". According to the seventh census data, as of 0:00 on November 1, 2020, the permanent population of Yan'an City is 2,282,581.
Yan'an was called Fushi in ancient times, Yanzhou. It is an important birthplace of the Chinese nation. The ancestor of humanities Huangdi once lived in this area. It is the first mausoleum in the world-the mausoleum of the Huangdi, the ancestor of the Chinese nation: Huangdi Mausoleum_ The location of span6span is a national sacred land, a sacred land of Chinese revolution, and the first batch of national historical and cultural cities announced by the State Council. In October of the 24th year of the Republic of China (1935), the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Central Red Army successfully reached Wuqi Town. Yan'an became the foothold and starting point of the Chinese revolution. It was the largest, largest number, and most complete layout of old sites in the national revolutionary base city. city. The old generation of revolutionaries such as the Party Central Committee and Chairman Mao lived and fought thirteen Spring and Autumn , led the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and Liberation War, and cultivated the spirit of Yan'an. It is the third of national patriotism, revolutionary tradition and Yan'an spirit. Big education base. Yan'an is the birthplace of the "Double Support Movement", an excellent tourist city in China, and has the reputation of "Chinese Revolution Museum City". There are 8,545 sites of various cultural relics in the territory, including 445 revolutionary sites.
As of 2019, Yan'an has 2 municipal districts, 10 counties, and 1 county-level city under its jurisdiction. In October 2020, it was named the national dual support model city (county). In 2020, Yan'an City will achieve a regional GDP ( GDP) of 160.148 billion yuan.
Chinese name: Yan'an
Foreign name: Yan'an
Alias: 皮施, Gaonu, Yanzhou
Administrative division code: 610600
Administrative division category: prefecture-level city
Region: Shaanxi Province
Geographical location: Northern Shaanxi Province, the central and southern part of the Loess Plateau
Area: 37000 km2
Regions under its jurisdiction: 2 municipal districts, 10 counties, and 1 county-level city
Government Residency: Building 2, Weimin Service Center, New District, Yan'an City, Shaanxi Province
Telephone area code: 0911
Postal code: 716000
Climate conditions: temperate monsoon climate
Famous attractions: Yanhe , Mulan Temple, Nanniwan, Hukou Waterfall, Zaoyuan, Yangjialing, Baotashan
Airport:
Airport:
Yan'an Station, Yan'an North Station
License plate code: Shaanxi J
Gross Regional Product: 160.148 billion yuan (2020)
Population: 2,282,581 (November 1, 2020 zero-hour permanent population)
Livable influence No.71 National Double Support Model City National Garden City National Forest City
List of key cultural relics protection units: Huangdi Mausoleum, Qinzhidao, Yan'an Revolutionary Site, Kaiyuan Temple Tower
Famous scenic spots: Nanni Bay, Hukou Waterfall, Pagoda Mountain, Huangdi Mausoleum
Origin of Place Names
The names of Yanzhou and Yan'an first appeared in " Sui Shu"."Geography" says: "Yan'an County, the post-Wei Dynasty set the Eastern Xiazhou, Western Wei Dynasty was changed to Yanzhou, and the General Administration Mansion was set up. The emperor was opened, the mansion abandoned the eleven counties, and the households were 53,930. IX. In the third year of Daye (607 years), Yan'an County was established in Fushi."
Construction history
Pre-Qin period
Archaeological discovery, about 30,000 years ago, Yan'an has a late Homo sapiens "Huanglong" People" live by.
Summer, today Yan'an area belongs to Yongzhou .
Quotient, belongs to the ghost party.
Western Zhou , for 犬 Rong and the territory of hunks.
In the Spring and Autumn Period, Yan'an was the place where the Baidi tribe lived. The son of Jin, Chong'er, lived in Yan'an and lived in exile in Baidi for 12 years.
Warring States , most of Yan'an belongs to Wei State. King of Qin Huiwen Eight years (330 years), Wei Na Hexi landed to Qin; ten years (328 years), 15 counties of Wei Na Shangjun (now Yichuan and Yan'an in northern Shaanxi) to Qin. Yan'an belongs to Qin Dynasty.
Qin and Han Dynasties
In Qin and Han Dynasties, Yan'an belonged to Shangjun (junzhifushi, south of Yulin City today). King Qin Zhao During the period of Qin Dynasty, Gaonu County was established in Yan'an area, and the county government was in Yinjiagou, east of Yan'an city. This was the beginning of Yan'an fortification, and its walls still exist today. After Qin unified the Six Kingdoms, general 蒙天 commanded 300,000 troops to attack the Xiongnu in the north, and then supervised the Great Wall and Qin Zhidao. During Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, a large number of emigrations and garrisons led to the unprecedented development of agricultural economy in northern Shaanxi and other places. It was known as the "New Qinzhong" (meaning rich and prosperous like Guanzhong ).
Eastern Han Dynasty Yu Xu's "Zuofu Three Counties Shu" has "the aquatic plants are abundant,Shang is suitable for production and animal husbandry, cattle and horses tail, flocks of sheep and roads" description.
Three Kingdoms, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties
Three Kingdoms, Yan'an is under the control of Qianghu.
Eastern Jin Yixi three years (407 Years), the Xiongnu Tiefu tribe Helianbobo established the Great Xia Kingdom. It built Fenglin City in the east of Yan'an City (now Zhoujiawan Village, Lijiaqu Town, Pagoda District). Song Dynasty Shenkuo once inspected the city, which is said to be dense and dense Like a stone, the city is not very thick, but horse face is extremely long and dense, which is conducive to war defense, and praises "Helian city, deep is the law." , Shuofang County, Dingyang County, Shangjun; set up Beihuazhou, lead central county and Shicheng county.
Tang and Song Dynasty
Yan'an County was changed to Yanzhou in the first year of Tang Wude (618) The governor's office, Lingfushi, Fenglin, and Yanchuan counties, governing Nanping, Beiwu, and Dongxia; change Shangjun to Fuzhou, leading Luojiao, Luochuan, Sanchuan, Fulu, Six counties in the middle and Fucheng.
In the Song Dynasty, it belonged to Yongxing Junlu, with Yanzhou, Fuzhou, , Danzhou, and Fangzhou. During this period, the Song and Xixia frequented wars, and the Song Dynasty famous minister Pang Ji, Fan Yong, Han Qi, Fan Zhongyan, etc. fought the enemy here. Yuanyou four years (1089), Yanzhou was promoted to Yan'an Prefecture.
Xia Dynasty
Jin set the Zhangwu Military Department to govern the mansion. Jin and Xia set up a mutual market in the Security Army (now Zhidan).
Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties
Yuan set Yan'an Road,Leading Juanzhou, Jiazhou, Suidezhou (the latter two states are in the urban area of Yulin today).
In May of the second year of Ming Hongwu (1369), Yan'an Road was changed to Yan'an Mansion.
In the third year of Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty (1725), Huozhou was promoted to Zhili Prefecture. Hefei City has two provincial administrative establishments, Yan'an Mansion and Juanzhou.
At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the Qing government set up the Yanchang Petroleum Factory, which drilled the first oil well in mainland China at , Yanchang County, .
Republic of China
In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), Yan'an belonged to Yulin Road.
In the seventeenth year of the Republic of China (1928), the road was removed, and the counties were directly under the jurisdiction of the province.
In September of the 24th year of the Republic of China (1935), the northern and southern counties of Yan'an belonged to the national government the third and second administrative inspection districts of Shaanxi Province. In October, the Long March of the Central Red Army reached Wuqi Town.
In September of the 26th year of the Republic of China (1937), the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region was established. In October, the Yan'an Municipal Government was established, directly under the Border Region Government.
Wuqi County was established in the 31st year of the Republic of China (1942), which was a trilateral district. In November of the same year, the division was established, and in January, the administrative inspectorate was established, which governs Yan’an City and Yan’an, Fuxian , Ganquan, Zhidan, Ansai, Zichang, Yanchuan, Yanchang , Gulin 10 counties (cities).
In the 33rd year of the Republic of China (1944), the Office of the Third Administrative Inspectorate of Shaanxi Province was stationed in Luochuan, initially leading 6 counties of Luochuan, Ganquan, Yichuan, Fuxian, Central, and Yijun, followed by Luochuan, Huangling (renamed from Central County in 1944) 3 counties and Huanglong set up governance bureaus.
In January of the thirty-seventh year of the Republic of China (1948), the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region established the Huanglong District, which governed 10 counties including Luochuan, Huangling, , Yijun, Yichuan, and Huanglong. In February of the 38th year of the Republic of China (1949), Fu County was added to its jurisdiction. From March to April, the Chinese People's Liberation Army successively liberated counties under the jurisdiction of the Third Administrative Inspection District.In May, the sub-district was withdrawn, and the northern Shaanxi administrative region was established. The Weibei Administrative Office was stationed in Yan'an. It has jurisdiction over Yulin, Sanbian, , Suide, and Huanglong, as well as Yan'an, Yanchang, Yanchuan, Zichang, Ansai, Zhidan and Ganquan counties directly under the jurisdiction.
After the founding of New China
In May 1950, the Northern Shaanxi Administrative Office was abolished and the Yan'an District Administrative Inspectorate Office of Shaanxi Province was established. In October of the same year, it was renamed as the Yan'an Commissioner's Office of the Shaanxi Provincial People's Government.
In May 1955, it was renamed the Yan'an Commissioner's Office of Shaanxi Province.
In September 1969, the Yan'an area was renamed Yan'an area.
On November 5, 1996, the State Council approved the abolition of Yan'an area and the establishment of prefecture-level Yan'an City.
Ministry of Civil Affairs Minhan No. 278 approved on October 17, 2005: Wuqi County, Yan'an City was renamed Wuqi County.
In June 2016, the "Approval of the State Council on Approving Shaanxi Province to Adjust Some Administrative Divisions of Yan'an" (Guo Han [2016] No. 104): agreed to revoke Ansai County and establish Yan'an Ansai District.
In July 2019, with the approval of the State Council, it was agreed to revoke Zichang County and establish a county-level Zichang City.
Current status of zoning
In 2019, Yan'an has 2 municipal districts, 10 counties, and 1 county-level city under its jurisdiction. The People's Government of Yan'an City is located in Baotashan Street, Baota District.
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