[Daily Reading of Party History] "Carrying Exams" keeps pace

to go to Beijing to take the exam (oil painting part). Chen Chengqi/painting

On March 23, 1949, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China set off for Beijing from Xibaipo . Early this morning, Mao Zedong was still reading in the small farmyard. Secretary Ye Zilong walked in and urged to start. Mao Zedong stood up and gave the book to him, and told him to take it with him. Zilong hurriedly put the book into his backpack.

When setting out, Mao Zedong told Zhou En that today was the day to enter Beijing, and he went to Beijing to "catch the exam." Zhou Enlai smiled and replied, we should all pass the exam and don't return. Mao Zedong said that he failed when he returned. We are never appropriate Li Zicheng , we all hope to get good results in the exam.

This is the conversation about "quick exam" that we are very familiar with today.

Since the stationed on May 26, 1948, the Party Central Committee has worked in Xibaipo for 10 months. During this period of time, the Party Central Committee commanded the battle of Liaoshen , Huaihai battle , Pingjin battle , and held the Party’s Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee ,Comrade Mao Zedong put forward the call of " two musts " to the whole party... The Chinese revolution has won a decisive victory. After a hundred years of long nights in modern China, dawn finally broke here and headed towards dawn. Xibaipo, a small village on the Hutuo River, became the "last rural command post" of the Party Central Committee to liberate the whole of China. It also marked the spirit of Xibaipo in the party's revolutionary spirit pedigree. After

thousand questions " cave on "

reach Xiangshan Peking Shuangqing villa from Xibaipo, Ye Zilong put Before he left, Mao Zedong asked him to take out the book, and saw that the title of the book was "Jiashen Three Hundred Years Ceremony".

Just over ten days ago, the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China just ended. The Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the General Political Department of the People’s Liberation Army printed and distributed this book written by Guo Moruo according to Mao Zedong’s instructions. The Three Hundred Years Ceremony of Shen. "The Three Hundred Years Ceremony of Jiashen" tells the tragedy of Li Zicheng's rapid defeat after being dazzled by victory after the peasant uprising army occupied Beijing.

Mao Zedong, who was in Yan'an at that time, admired this article very much and recommended that the whole party study it carefully and print it into a booklet as one of the important documents for the study of Yan'an rectification.Five years later, this book once again entered Mao Zedong's overview of the situation. On the eve of entering Beijing, Mao Zedong read this booklet many times during the tense work break in Xibaipo. Mao Zedong, who is well versed in Chinese history, paid so much attention to the "Jiashen Three Hundred Years Ceremony" at such an important historical juncture. Of course, it has its own profound meaning.

In July 1945, the democrats Huang Yanpei inspected from Chongqing to Yan'an. In Mao Zedong’s cave dwelling, Huang Yanpei said: I was born more than 60 years ago, and what I have heard is nothing but what I saw with my own eyes. It is really so-called "the prosperity is also prosperous" and "the death is also sudden." A person, a family, a group, a place, or even a country, many units do not have the power to escape this cycle rate. In a piece of history, there are also those who "politics slack and succeed", there are also those who "deprive the people of politics and rest", and there are also those who "seeking glory and gaining shame". In short, there is no way out of this cycle rate. Huang Yanpei hopes that the Chinese Communist Party can jump out of the cycle rate. Mao Zedong replied firmly: We have found a new way, we can jump out of this cycle rate. This new road is democracy. Only by allowing the people to supervise the government can the government dare not relax. Only when everyone rises up to be responsible, will the government not be ruined.

From "Jiashen Three Hundred Years Ceremony" to "Cave Dwelling Pairs", and then to the second plenary session of the Seventh Central Committee issued a warning to all the comrades of the party, "Because of victory, the pride of the party is a hero. The mood of pausing, the mood of not seeking progress, the mood of coveting pleasure and reluctant to lead a hard life, may grow""There may be some Communists who have never been conquered by enemies with guns. They are in front of these enemies. It is worthy of the title of hero; but it cannot withstand people's sugar-coated cannonball attacks. They have to defeat in front of sugar bombs. We must prevent this situation. To win the national victory, this is just the first step in the Long March." We must ensure that comrades continue to maintain a humble, cautious, arrogant, and non-irritable style of work, and must ensure that comrades continue to maintain a style of hard work." All this is based on the Chinese Communists’ deep understanding of their own historical mission.

"Go to Beijing to take the exam",It is against this ideological background and starting from this historical starting point. This historical and meaningful metaphor has given a great party a sense of "quick test" that has never been forgotten and the spirit of "quick test" passed on from generation to generation.

"examiner" is careful people

in traditional Chinese culture among the "exam" both a cautious, walking on thin ice , And it also contains the life ambition of "Xiu Qi Zhi Ping". However, unlike the "quick exam" in history, the "examiner" faced by the Chinese Communists is no longer the feudal ruler, but the people.

Weidmaier, who served as the commander of the US Army in China during the Anti-Japanese War, came to China again in July 1946 for inspection. Before he left China, he gave a speech in which he said: "I found that many government officials placed their brothers, nephews and nephews in the government, working in state-owned or private companies, using their powers to make huge profits regardless of the welfare of the country and the people." .

In March 1946, the special envoy of the US President Marshall visited Yan'an. His accompanying reporter described it this way: “In Yan’an, party cadres work very long hours and eat poorly. In winter they are reduced to two meals a day. They eat mainly millet and green vegetables. They sit in the caves. Working on wooden chairs or stools under the dim light of a small oil lamp. However, they don’t seem to feel tired.This is even true when the enemy is about to aggressively invade... The most heard word in Yan'an is "people"... What about the Chinese people, what about the people of the world. ‘Go to the people’ and ‘learn from the people’, these are slogans, but they also contain deeper meanings than slogans, representing a deep feeling and a final belief. "

This kind of difference is not only in the eyes of international people, but also in the eyes of many patriotic overseas Chinese, democrats and even senior officials within the Kuomintang-"China's hope is in Yan'an." This kind of attitude towards the people and the position of the people constituted the division of victory and defeat between the Communist Party and the Kuomintang at the political and military level, and eventually led to different historical destinies.

One of the fundamental reasons why the People’s Army under the leadership of the Communist Party of China was able to defeat the three major battles of was that the roots of the people’s army were deeply rooted in the deep ground of the people.

time Su Yu, acting commander of the East China Field Army , recalled the Shandong people’s support for the Liberation War: “During the three years of the Liberation War, the Shandong people have launched four major military participation campaigns and sent five More than 189,000 outstanding children joined the army. They are like thousands of small streams and canals, converging into a long river of thousands of miles, with a long history and rolling forward, making the East China field army more and more fighting, Vietnam War stronger. With such a people, is there any enemy that cannot be defeated? "

The power of history is hidden deep in the people.It is precisely because of the fundamental purpose of serving the people wholeheartedly that the Chinese Communists consciously regard themselves as "students" and always let the people be "examiners", win the people's true love and support in the revolutionary construction, and change the ancient times step by step. China's destiny.

forever "exam" sober and firm

Tang Dynasty poet Du Xun wrote a poem entitled The poem of " jingxi": "Jingxi Rock is dangerous and cautious, and never hears of overthrowing people. But there is no stone in advection, and it is often said that there is sinking." This seems to be a paradox. The ancient Chinese civilization had a deep understanding of this very early. "To be in peace but not to forget danger, to survive but not to die, and to govern but not to forget chaos", this is the record in the Book of Changes·Xi Ci Zhuan. "Be prepared for danger in times of peace, thinking is prepared, prepared without danger", this is the famous saying in " Zuo Zhuan ". "Born in sorrow, and die in happiness", this is the advice of Mencius .

In June 1949, three months after the Party Central Committee left Xibaipo, the preparatory meeting for the New Political Consultative Conference was held in Beijing. During this period, Xu Beihong and others recommended Tian Han composing lyrics and Nie Er composing " Volunteer March " as the national anthem.However, some representatives believe that New China has been established, the Chinese nation has stood as a great nation in the East of the world, and the lyrics of "The Chinese nation has reached the most dangerous time" are out of date, and they suggest that they should be refilled. However, neither Mao Zedong nor Zhou Enlai agreed with the change, and they agreed with the idea of ​​"safety and safety" in the lyrics. After full discussion, Mao Zedong made the final final decision: Since everyone thinks "The March of the Volunteers" is the best as the national anthem, I think it will be decided as such and the lyrics should not be changed.

"The Chinese nation has reached the most dangerous time", this sentence is written in the national anthem and is also engraved in the hearts of the Chinese people. Being prepared for danger in times of peace, this is a vivid portrayal of the Chinese Communists standing at the important historical juncture of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and conscientiously alerting themselves to adversity. The generation of great men from Xibaipo who instructed the country has gone, but the strong voice of "rushing for the exam" still echoes in our hearts.

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