266 AD Sima Yan forced Cao Huan to resign, ascended the throne and proclaimed himself emperor, and appointed the country as Jin. In 280, Jin eliminated the Eastern Wu to complete national reunification, and ended the separatist rule of the princes since the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. After the reunification of the country, Emperor Wu of Jin was arrogant and lascivious and slack in political affairs. He initiated the division of kings and laid hidden dangers for the later " eight kings chaos ".
Jin Huidi
After Sima Yan died in 290, "Why not eat meat" Huidi Simazhong succeeded to the throne and made Jananfeng the queen. Emperor Hui of Jin was the second son of Sima Yan. He was established as the crown prince after his eldest son died early in the second year when Sima Yan became emperor. He succeeded the emperor in 290, and in the first year of Yuan Kang in 291 (the second year of the new emperor’s accession to the throne). ). The editor has learned that many people are puzzled about letting Jinhui Emperor be the emperor. How could a smart man like Sima Yan let a stupid son be the emperor? In fact, Sima Yan paid more attention to the eldest son's promotion system, and Sima Zhong had been the crown prince for more than 20 years. After his death, the crown prince succeeded to the throne. After Sima Yan's death, Yang Jun assisted in politics and took over the power of the dynasty; the queen Jia Nanfeng and Ji Sichen were eager to try power; all the kings also wanted to get a share of the power center. In this way, the Eight Kings Rebellion has all the conditions.
In fact, the Eight Kings Rebellion has spanned 16 years. It can basically be divided into several stages. It is not always fighting and killing. In fact, the Eight Kings Rebellion is not just Western Jin Dynasty Eight princes are fighting for power, but these eight people are particularly powerful after they are on the stage of history. Next, in order to facilitate everyone's understanding, the editor briefly combs the entire process of the Eight Kings from the perspective of introducing the Eight Kings.
Jia Nanfeng
Chu Wang Sima Wei : the fifth son of Sima Yan, the younger brother of Jin Huidi Sima Zhong. In 291, Jia Nanfeng contacted Sima Wei and Sima Liang to send them to Beijing to fight against Yang Jun. Sima Wei traveled from Jingzhou to Luoyang.In March, Jia Nanfeng designed the emperor Jin Hui to issue an edict to propagate Yang Jun's rebellion and Sima Wei to kill Yang Jun.
Runan Wang Sima Liang: Sima Yi fourth son. In the first year of Yuankang (291), after Yang Jun was killed by Jia Nanfeng and Sima Wei, Emperor Hui of Jin issued an edict to appoint Sima Liang as Dazai. Due to the fact that the Sima clan was unable to monopolize power during the court, Jananfeng ordered the Emperor Hui of Jin to impose an edict to abolish the official posts of Sima Liang and Wei Wei. In June, Sima Wei ordered to kill Sima Liang and Wei Guan. On the second day, Jia Nanfeng sent troops to capture Sima Wei on the grounds that Sima Wei had just killed the minister without permission. After Sima Wei was killed, Jia Nanfeng began to dominate the power. In the 9th year of Yuankang (299), the queen of Jia abandoned the crown prince Sima Yao . In March of the following year, Jia Nanfeng sent eunuch Sun Li to poison Sima Hu. Sima Hu did not dare to eat other people's food. Sun Li used medicine to kill Sima Hu in the toilet.
The Rebellion of the Eight Kings
Zhao Wang Sima Lun : Sima Yi's ninth son, holding the Forbidden Army, initially belonged to Jia Nanfeng. After Sima Yun was abolished in 299, Sima Lun planned ahead of time. In 300, Sima Lun ordered a counselor Sun Xiu . However, it was said that someone in the palace wanted to kill Janan Feng and welcome the prince back. Janan Fengxin thought that he had sent someone to kill Sima Dun. In May of the same year, Simalun encouraged the old prince and the king of Qi Sima Yu to conquer the Jia family and kill them, and kill his own Huainan King Sima Yun (not one of the eight kings), and proclaimed himself the governor. In 301, Emperor Hui of Jin was forced to abdicate and stand on his own feet. In the same year, King Sima Yu of Qi, King Sima Yong of Hejian, King of Chengdu Sima Ying sent troops to attack Sima Lun, Sima Lun lost. In April of the same year, Simalun announced his abdication to welcome Emperor Hui Jin to reset, and he retired to Jinyong City. King Liang Sima Zhu asked to kill Sima Lun on the table, so the imperial court sent an envoy to Jinyong City to kill Sima Lun.
Sima Zhao, King of Qi: Sima Zhao, grandson of ,The nephew of Sima Yan. In 300 years, he killed Jananfeng with Simalun, and was later squeezed out by the power minister Sun Xiu, guarding Xuchang . After Sima Lun usurped the throne, Sima Ruo, Hejian King Sima Yong and Chengdu Wang Sima Ying, stepped up to conquer Sima Lun, welcome Emperor Hui to reset, and worshiped Da Sima . In 302, Sima Yi held Qinghe King Sima Tan as the prince, and was attacked by Hejian King Sima Yong, Changsha King Sima Yi and others. In December of the same year, he was killed by Sima Yi.
Sima Lun
Changsha Wang Sima Yi: the sixth son of Sima Yan. In 302, Sima Yi killed Sima Yan and became a minister of power. In August 303, King Sima Yong of Hejian, King Sima Ying of Chengdu, and King of East China Sea Sima Yue crusade against Sima Yi and attacked Chang'an in October. Both sides conscripted heavily due to insufficient military strength. Thirteen-year-old teenagers and some ethnic minorities such as the Huns, Jie people, Xianbei , etc. were conscripted into the army. In January 304, Sima Yi was captured by Sima Yue, King of the East China Sea, and burned to death in Jinyong City by Sima Yong's general Zhang Fang .
Hejian King Sima Yong: Sima Yi's third brother Sima Fu 's grandson, Sima Yancong brother. At the end of 303, Sima Yong and Sima Ying attacked Sima Yi, Sima Yi was killed, and Sima Yong became a powerful minister. In 304, Emperor Hui Emperor of Jin Dynasty Mizhao Huangfu made a heavy crusade against Sima Yong and failed. The two kings dominate, the prince Sima Tan was abolished, and Sima Yong established Sima Ying as the emperor's first brother. In a mutiny in June, Simaying was expelled and the prince was restored; in July, Emperor Huidi was captured by Simaying, and the prince was deposed again; in August, Wang Jun and Sima Teng crusade against Sima Ying and Simaying abducts Emperor Hui of Jin went to Luoyang; in November, Emperor Hui of Jin was kidnapped by Sima Yong's subordinate Zhang Fang to Chang'an, and Chang'an was looted. At the end of December, Sima Yong became a powerful minister again, and Sima Yue was appointed Tai Fu. In 305, Sima Yong, Sima Ying, and Sima Yue fought in the Central Plains. At the end of the year, Sima Yong killed Zhang to seek peace with Sima Yue and was rejected. Sima Yong lost streak in 306,Later, he was strangled to death by Sima Yue's younger brother, Nanyang King Simamo.
Sima Yue
Chengdu Wang Simaying: Sixteen sons of Sima Yan. In December 304, Sima Yong abolished the emperor's first brother and sent Sima Ying back to Chengdu. In 305, Sima Ying, Sima Yong, and Sima Yue fought in the Central Plains and fought in various parts of the Central Plains. Old generals and some minority leaders raised their troops to support them ( Shile raised their troops in 305). In September 306, they were killed by Dunqiu (now Puyang Qingfeng). ) Caught by the prefect, in November of the same year, he was killed by Liu Yu Jiaozhao, the mayor of Yecheng.
East China Sea King Sima Yue: Sima Yi's fourth brother Sima Kui's grandson, Sima Tai's son, Sima Yancong brother. In 303, Chengdu King Sima Ying and Hejian King Sima Yong attacked the Changsha King Sima Yi. In 304, Sima Yue captured Sima Yi. After Sima Yong came to power, Sima Yue was defeated by Sima Ying and fled back to the fief. In November 304, Zhang Fang hijacked Emperor Hui to Chang'an. Sima Yue used this to initiate an army crusade in 305, occupying Xuzhou, Youzhou, Qingzhou, Xuchang and other places. Sima Yong ordered him back in the name of Jin Huidi. manor. Sima Yue lost first and then won on his way back to the East China Sea, leading his troops towards Guanzhong. In April 306, General Sima Yue Xianbei broke through Chang'an and took Jin Hui Emperor to Luoyang, and Sima Yue escorted him. In November, Emperor Hui of Jin was poisoned and died. The emperor's brother Sima Chi succeeded Emperor Huai of Jin to the throne, Sima Yue took power, and the Rebellion of the Eight Kings ended.
In ancient Chinese history, several dynasties engaged in the enfeoffment system. The enfeoffment system in the Western Zhou Dynasty led to in the East Zhou , the Spring and Autumn and Warring States led to chaos for hundreds of years, and the Han and Liuspan 1 led to the chaos of the seven kingdoms and span2span. Liu Che implements tweeting order and the law of improper and chaotic wives and concubines,The enfeoffment of Sima Yan in the Western Jin Dynasty led to the chaos of the Eight Kings. In the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang enfeoffed the feudal vassal and then built the article to cut the feudal vassal, which led to and Yanwang. System, ethnic relations, social development and other reasons. However, the sub-feudal system directly weakened the centralization of power, and the contradiction between the central and local governments intensified, which was not conducive to feudal class rule.
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