How shameless a person can be for his own benefit? During the period of the Republic of China, the Ludong giant Liu Guitang used his actions to perfectly explain what is called "a mother with milk".
Ludong giant bandit Liu Guitang
Liu Guitang, named Xingtian, nicknamed Liu Heiqi, was born in 1892 in Nanguoquan Village, Tongshi Town, Feixian County (now Pingyi, Shandong), father Her name is Liu Xiangyun, and her mother's surname is Wang. Because she did not bind her feet in accordance with local rules, she has a pair of big feet that are not in keeping with the times, so the locals call her "Wang Big Feet".
At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, banditry was rampant in southern Shandong, and warlords were in chaos. The people's life was very difficult, and the Liu family was very poor. The two men and two daughters of the family can only rely on their father to give to the village. Watching the guards, taking care of the crops, and begging along the street by the mother to feed the family.
Liu Guitang had never studied since he was a child. He followed his mother around begging and suffered all the humiliation.
When he was a teenager, Liu Guitang gave sheep to the village landlord, Sun Anchang's house, to help reduce the burden on the family. Sun Anchang is a moody person, and he beats and kicks Liu Guitang when he feels dissatisfied.
Old society woman
Once Sun Anchang heard a sheep barking in the middle of the night, and thought it was Liu Guitang who didn’t feed the sheep. The next day Liu Guitang came back from herding the sheep. He didn’t know what happened, so Sun Anchang let Jiading Tied him up and let him kneel outside.
Liu Guitang didn’t know what he had made. He looked at Sun Anchang angrily. Sun An often refused to admit his mistakes. So he asked the housekeeper to hang Liu Guitang on the beam and beat him severely. The day of scolding,Liu Guitang was 8 years away.
In 1912, Liu Guitang could not bear the oppression of the landlord. He went to Qingdao Wharf to work hard to earn money, and then went to Yantai for a stroll. The wonderful world outside made him linger, and he was reluctant to be a landlord’s home. Of herding sheep.
He doesn't want to herd sheep for the landlord, and Liu Guitang doesn't want to work hard to make money, so what can he do? During the robbery outside, Liu Guitang saw a lot of bandits rob homes, and they could get a lot of money in one go.
The landlord bullies the poor
He knows that the bandits in his hometown, such as Sun Meiyao, Mother Zhao, Qi Shouye, etc., all survive by robbery and live better than the president of the Republic of China. Therefore, Liu Guitang, who was not right in his mind, had the idea of being a bandit and standing on his own.
In 1915, Liu Guitang and the village’s rogue Zhao Chunrong, Lin Chuanju, Xia Xingde, Wang Tai, and his younger brother Liu Guizhi and other 8 people made a vow of worship, got a soil gun and a ghost knife, and started 29 years of work. Bandit career.
Liu Guitang ranked 7th among the 8 people, and because of his dark complexion, everyone called him "Liu Heiqi". His bandit team has grown from 8 people at the beginning to hundreds of people behind, which is the most prosperous. There were more than 30,000 people in Shandong, Henan, Jiangsu, Hebei, Jilin, Liaoning, Rehe, Chahar and other places.
Bandits in the Republic of China are everywhere, but like Liu Guitang has been rampant for 29 years, the Republic of China government has been repeatedly suppressed by a very small number. What is Liu Guitang's ability to continue to "make this team bigger and stronger"?
old society poor
As a "different" bandit, Liu Guitang is very good at promoting his team first,Because he himself was a poor man who went up to the mountain to become a bandit, he vigorously promoted the concept of "poor" and told those who wanted to be a bandit: Anyway, there is no way to be a bandit, so it is better to be free as a bandit. , Even if you are really beaten to death someday, you still enjoy the glory and wealth, it is better than death in poverty.
At his instigation, many poor people who can’t eat enough have become bandits. One of them recalled the reason why he became a bandit:
"My family is too poor, my father is dead My mother remarried, and I was helpless. In 1941, I hoeed the land for the landlord’s house and gave a dollar for two acres of land. I earned eight and a half catties of sorghum in eleven days. There was no harvest in the drought that year, and I even had no food. If I was too hungry, I went to Liu Heiqi and became a bandit. I know he is not a good person, but I can still eat as a bandit!"
Old bandit photos
Many people are like this, forced to live a cruel life and become a bandit. As a poor man, Liu Guitang understands very well what the poor need is just to eat and eat. So after these poor people joined the group, he took good care of these people. , Drinking and eating meat are enough, as long as they are full, these people will die for him.
Liu Guitang is also very good at catching people’s hearts. Every time he takes someone out for a robbery, he must give money and women to the gangsters, and use these things to make people sell his life for him. If the robbery is successful, no matter whether it is money or people, he is chic. He did not stingy to let go, and after a long period of time, he cultivated a large number of gangsters who were desperate for him.
In addition to hesitating money, Liu Guitang also took care of his opponents. He heard that someone in the family was sick, he would personally visit the house with a gift, hesitate to ask for warmth, and gave money to things when he left, so those bandits And their family members think that Liu Guitang is a very good person and loyal to him.
Feixian County, Shandong
But Liu Guitang's opponents are tolerant,Caring for their family members does not mean that he is a good person, on the contrary, he is cruel.
For those who ran away or betrayed him in the action, Liu Guitang would arrest all their relatives and shoot them. If the relatives ran away, they would kill their neighbors. Faced with such a vicious bandit leader, his subordinates would be considered as conscious. Betrayed him and dare not act for the safety of his loved ones.
Liu Guitang is not satisfied with a group of people who follow him desperately. He still needs all kinds of "talents" who can help him.
In 1929, Liu Guitang heard that Wang Ruoyu, a former Qing judge, had served in the Baoding Military Academy , so he specially invited him out of the mountain and hired him as a military instructor.
old photos of bandits
In his hometown of Feixian, many so-called "literati and strategists" with no spine have heard of Liu Guitang's reputation for "recruiting talents" and came to Liu Guitang in a swarm. The local regiment department set up to act as his adviser and slurp with food.
Liu Guitang’s meal is easy to eat, but difficult to spit out. Unless it is a very famous literati, he dare not easily kill other "military divisions" who give him ideas for the sake of mixed meals, but if anyone gives the idea. After he lost the battle, he was pulled out and shot to death. Therefore, no one dared to make any ideas. Later, he developed that as long as he had an idea, he would surely win the battle.
Knowing martial arts and fighting wars is also a highlight of Liu Guitang.
Liu Guitang has been herding sheep to the landlord’s family since he was a child. Not only is he familiar with the lofty mountains in southern Shandong, but he also took advantage of his free time to practice horseback archery and shooting.Tianchang has been so superb for a long time, he can sleep on horseback, shoot left and right bows, and shoot without any bullets. Who dares not obey him?
Yimeng Mountain
As the bandit leader Liu Guitang martial arts, his tactics are also very powerful, he is good at riding and shooting, surrendering in 1928, Chiang Kai-shek , formed his own cavalry force. . Later, he betrayed Chiang Kai-shek, and led his cavalry troops around, and his whereabouts were uncertain. There were fierce White Russian cavalry bandits in the team. They could run 200 li in a night, and the bandit team couldn't catch up with him.
Liu Guitang is also good at tunnel warfare. He digs tunnels if he fails to attack, and unexpectedly besieged the enemy. Few people caught by him can survive.
Guerrilla warfare is also Liu Guitang’s common tactic. He often attacked and besieged his national army. He would fight if he was able to fight, but would run if he failed. Because his men listened to his words, the team was fragmented from time to time. Fighting, sometimes turned into a group battle, caused the National Government to be overwhelmed and simply stopped encircling and suppressing his team for the time being.
old photos of bandits
Liu Guitang has martial arts, can fight wars, can win over the hearts of the people, and is more than capable of controlling his hands. This is the main reason why he can run rampant in most of China. In the end, he was defeated by our army and was forever nailed to the pillar of shame in history.
Then I have to mention that this man is too shrewd and cunning, and what he does is based on his own interests, and finally aroused public outrage; Liu Guitang has been a bandit for many years and has been violent and cruel. Sooner or later, the price will be paid.
mentioned the "Republic of China Chameleon",Many people would immediately think of the "reverse general" Shi Yousan. Shi Yousan spent his entire life speculating in his career. He has worked in Feng Yuxiang, Yan Xishan, Chiang Kai-shek, Wang Jingwei, Zhang Xueliang, and the Japanese all betrayed them and called him. "Turning General" and "Chameleon" are no exaggeration.
Shi Yousan
In fact, compared with Shi Yousan, Liu Guitang’s experience of "changing color" is even more exciting. What is meant by "a mother with milk" is vividly reflected in Liu Guitang's body.
Liu Guitang’s bandit team began in 1915. In the following years, the governments of Qufu, Tai’an and other places in Shandong sent troops to encircle and suppress them. Abandoning the encirclement and suppression, resulting in Liu Guitang's team getting bigger and bigger.
In 1922, Liu Guitang encountered a large-scale suppression bandit. His team suffered heavy losses. In order to preserve his strength, Liu Guitang took the initiative to show his favor to the Ludong giant Sun Meiyao and joined Sun Meiyao's team.
Sun Meiyao was booby-trapped by the great warlord Cao Kun , Liu Guitang took the opportunity to draw his remains and formed a team of hundreds of people, which has since grown stronger. Liu Guitang proclaimed himself the regiment leader, robbed wildly in Yimeng Mountain, Tai'an, Linyi and other places, and robbed countless money. The poor peasants who were robbed were forced to be helpless, and he became a bandit with him. It has grown to tens of thousands.
Zhang Zongchang
Feng's warlord After Zhang Zongchang came to Shandong,Two regiments were sent to kill the bandits in Ludong. Liu Guitang deliberately put a large amount of silver dollars on the ground when he was fighting with them. The suppression of the bandits not only failed, but also let Liu Guitang prostitute a lot of weapons and ammunition, and strengthened his strength.
Zhang Zongchang recruited Liu Guitang in 1927, but Liu Guitang dismissed Zhang Zongchang at all. In 1928, Zhang Zongchang was driven out of Shandong by the Northern Expedition Army. Liu Guitang stayed in Shandong and waited for the higher price. He recognizes who is his mother.
Liu Guitang had money, soldiers, and guns in his hands. This made Han Fuju , who was the commander-in-chief of the third area of the Second Army, a little moved. In order to win Liu Guitang, Han Fuju sent him 17,000 oceans. With 2,000 bags of noodles, Liu Guitang didn't expect that after seeing Han Fuju, he felt that Han Fuju was stingy and that his official position was too small, so he took refuge in the more powerful Chiang Kai-shek.
After he went to Chiang Kai-shek, Liu Guitang was appointed as the commander of the 4th Division of the First Army of the National Revolutionary Army, and Liu Guitang was stationed in span1_span Jun County. His sexuality did not change, and the extortion during his garrison in Juxian caused complaints among the common people. After that, he was defeated by Yang Hucheng stationed in Linyi and fled in a hurry.
The National Government knew that Liu Guitang was erratic, and feared that he would jump over the wall if he was anxious, so he recruited him again, only to let him leave Shandong and garrison him in Henan.
1930 the Central Plains War , Liu Guitang was bought by Yan Xishan's millions of dollars, betrayed Chiang Kai-shek, and became the commander of Yan Xishan’s 25th Army. After Yan Xishan failed in the Central Plains war,Liu Guitang ran away in a hurry to Da Ming in Hebei and took refuge in Zhang Xueliang.
Feng Yuxiang, Chiang Kai-shek, Yan Xishan
In 1931, Zhang Xueliang asked Liu Guitang to conquer Shi Yousan. Unexpectedly, Liu Guitang not only did not go, but also colluded with Shi Yousan to prepare for a mutiny. This made Zhang Xueliang very angry. Reported to Chiang Kai-shek.
Chiang Kai-shek hated Liu Guitang’s affairs, he immediately asked Liu Zhi to send a brigade to encircle Liu Guitang. Liu Guitang was beaten to remove his helmet and armor, and fled back to Lunan’s lair, where he gathered again. A team of ten thousand people.
Jiang Jieshi couldn’t bear this and ordered Shandong Provincial Chairman Han Fuju to completely suppress the bandits. Han Fuju hated Liu Guitang long ago. He heard that Liu Guitang was a filial son and was very respectful to his mother, so he sent someone to take Liu Guitang’s mother away and persecute Liu Guitang’s mother. When he surrendered, Liu Guitang was forced to surrender to Han Fuju and was appointed as the "Shandong Garrison Commander."
The two people who were at odds with each other were pregnant with ghosts. Han Fuju was about to secretly seize Liu Guitang's military power. After Liu Guitang learned about it, he took the first step and immediately raised his troops and betrayed Han Fuju and fled to Rehe with his team. In 1933, he took refuge in Song Zheyuan , chairman of Chahar Province, and became the commander of Chadong suppression bandits, and killed himself.
Song Zheyuan
Not long after, Liu Guitang betrayed Song Zheyuan again and was surrounded by a mountain pass by the angry Song Zheyuan. Seeing the entire army was wiped out, Liu Guitang killed all the women in the team. , Children, horses, and then took his men and sneaked from the top of the mountain to the bottom of the mountain, and fled back to Shandong.
Han Fuju heard that he was back again, angrily beat his chest, and sent a large number of troops to destroy the bandit team.Helplessly, Liu Guitang was so familiar with the terrain, he could slip away no matter how he played. The gangsters under him are usually favored by him, and they all resist desperately and are unwilling to surrender.
Han Fuju, who was vomiting blood, asked the Nanjing National Government to send planes and fleets to block Liu Guitang’s exit from the port where Liu Guitang might escape from Qingdao. He bombarded his team every day. The bandits suffered heavy casualties this time, but Liu Guitang was cunning. Still escaped by chance, taking advantage of Han Fuju's army not paying attention, they fled all the way to Tianjin.
Zhang Xueliang
Han Fuju sent so many troops that he couldn't beat a bandit, and let him slip away under his nose. This time he wanted to eat Liu Guitang alive. Although Liu Guitang fled to Tianjin, Han Fuju still sent a killer to Tianjin to assassinate Liu Guitang's face and feet. It is said that Liu Guitang's face and feet were pierced, and four front teeth were knocked out, but he knows how to fight and the killer did not kill him in the end. .
After recovering from his serious injury, Liu Guitang continued to toss his "great cause", and went with the traitors, Shiyousan and the Japanese, and formed the so-called "North China Anti-Communist Army" to resist the anti-Japanese and save the country and became Japan. Human running dog.
After the "July 7 Incident" broke out, Han Fuju fled without a fight, and a large area of Shandong was lost. Liu Guitang was appointed by the Japanese army as the "Commander in Chief of the Advance of the Imperial Army" and led the Japanese army into Shandong.
"The Seven Seventh Incident" memorial site
During the Taierzhuang Battle, he helped to abuse him, relying on the strength of the Japanese army to recruit troops in Jiaodong, and constantly invaded Laiyang, , Huangxian, Qixia, etc. The anti-Japanese armed forces rushed back to Lunan.
The Japanese army quickly noticed Liu Guitang’s strength,In order to disintegrate his power, Liu Guitang naturally couldn't sit and wait for death, so conflict broke out with the Japanese army, killing and wounding many Japanese, and then announced that his team would fight against Japan, and immediately joined the Rusu war zone commander-in-chief Yu Xuezhong The 36th division of the Kuomintang newly compiled.
When asked by the Kuomintang about his motives for resisting Japan, Liu Guitang said with a face:
"In the past, I went to Japan to get some bullets. If the family didn’t say anything, the Chinese have the conscience of the Chinese. I am now starting to fight against Japan resolutely. There is no difference."
Yu Xuezhong
Actually, Liu Guitang was fighting against Japan. He just saw Yu Xuezhong's power in Shandong and turned to Xuezhongneng. Let him gain a firm foothold quickly, and when he relied on Xuezhong's strength to make a comeback in the south of Shandong Province, he began his secret communication with the Japanese army again.
In November 1939, Liu Guitang sent troops to raided the CCP’s county party committee in Zegou Village, Feixian County, and the Third Regiment Headquarters of the Jinpu Division of the 115th Division of the Eighth Route Army. He detained a dozen people including Xu Zhixian, the head of the regiment, and then cooperated. The Japanese army repeatedly attacked our anti-Japanese base areas and killed the people in the base areas.
At the time of the nation’s anti-Japanese war, our party focused on the great cause of the nation and was lenient with this bandit. I hope that he can turn his head back to fight against the Japanese. It only ordered him to release the arrested cadres of our army immediately, but did not treat him. For other punishments, Liu Guitang also knew that he was wrong and did not dare to attack our party again.
Zhang Guangzhong, founder of the Lunan Anti-Japanese Armed Base
The KMT and the Communist Party know what kind of person Liu Guitang is. They know through understanding that Liu Guitang listens to the words of his mother Wang Dajia the most. To visit his mother again and again,Asked his mother to persuade him not to be inflamed and watch the fire all day long, and he should resist the Japanese in unison. His mother also persuaded Liu Guitang many times, but he only agreed with his lips.
The chameleon with "grass on the wall, falling on both sides" finally came to the end of life in 1943.
In 1943, Liu Guitang and his bandit team continued to help the Kuomintang 92nd Army attack our army. As a result, the army he joined was not reliable. During the Songlin Ambush and the Battle of Sikaishan, he was beaten by our army and hurried. The remnant of Liu Guitang, who had left behind Chao Qin Muchu, left Shandong in embarrassment.
Japanese puppet traitor
Liu Guitang lost a large backer and suffered heavy casualties, so he had to flee to Zhuzi Mountain in Feixian County, where he took refuge in the Japanese puppet army Eiko Hengbu and became a traitor.
The Zhuzi Mountain occupied by Liu Guitang seriously affected the development of our army in the southern and central areas of Shandong. Therefore, the Lunan Military Region of the Eighth Route Army decided to concentrate its forces and completely eliminate Liu Guitang. The Military Commission of South Lu received the order from above: "You must capture Liu Guitang alive, if you don’t live, you can die!"
Liu Guitang’s death place-Zhuzishan
deployment On the night of November 15, 1943, the Eighth Route Army sent the Third and Fifth Regiments to annihilate Liu Guitang. They attacked the headquarters of Dongzhuzi Village where Liu Guitang was located. Liu Guitang was not prepared and was heavily surrounded by the Eighth Route Army. When he repeated his tricks, he prepared to jump off the wall. While escaping, he was shot to death by our army's 18-year-old correspondent He Ronggui, ending a shameful life.
After Liu Guitang was wiped out,The people of Shandong all clapped their hands and applauded, thanking the Eighth Route Army for killing the people, and seeing what Liu Guitang did to the people of Shandong, you will know why the people hate him so much.
From the first day of being a bandit, Liu Guitang has been robbing everywhere. At the beginning, it was just a little joke, grabbing people’s buns to eat, and grabbing landlords and bullies asking for money, which is normal.
Memorial Hall of the Shandong Anti-Japanese Base Area
After his power grew in 1927, his team began to rob from house to house. More than 700 villages in the county were robbed by him, even the common people who had just suffered natural disasters. He has to search the villages where he can’t eat. What’s more cruel is that he robbed the village and slaughtered the village, taking away the good-looking women, and slaughtering the rest of the old, weak, sick, and men as well.
Liu Guitang's killing methods are also extremely vicious. Knife cutting, burying alive, laparotomy, cutting ears, and digging eyes are all their usual methods. The most cruel method of killing by bandits is called "smallpox."
From 1925 to 1928, Liu Guitang travelled across the Yimeng Mountains and killed more than 10,000 people. According to incomplete statistics, during his 29 years as a bandit, killed no less than 200,000 people. . As for how much money and women robbed, and how many houses burned down, it has long been impossible to count.
Trial of bandits
Liu Guitang was nothing but an inexcusable bandit all his life, a traitor who extinct himself from his motherland and the people, and a murderous executioner.
References
"Linyi Centennial Memorabilia"
"Republic of China Bandit Record"
"Liu Guitang Album"
"Liu Bandit Black Seven Historical Crimes"
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