On May 12, 1972, when Beijing Hospital performed a routine urine examination for Zhou Enlai, who was ill, it was discovered that Zhou Enlai was suffering from "transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder."
However, Zhou Enlai fought stubbornly against the illness with amazing perseverance and still worked as before. It wasn't until 1974 that his bladder cancer recurred many times and he had hematuria. When he was not hospitalized, he had to say goodbye to Xihua Hall, who had worked and lived for more than 20 years, and came to China. People's Liberation Army 305 Hospital was hospitalized.
In fact, as early as in February 1967, Zhou Enlai was diagnosed with heart disease and other diseases. These diseases were caused by fatigue caused by long-term overload. On September 24, 1967, Zhou Enlai said to Deng Yingchao: “As soon as I was around 8 o'clock in the morning, my energy was lost and my hands were shaking.”
In June 1971, Zhou Enlai had already begun to have blood in the stool. His health doctor Zhang Zuoliang found red blood cells in Zhou Enlai's urine. After consultation with several professors including Wu Jieping , it was basically determined that the prime minister was likely to have bladder cancer. It's just that according to the instructions of the central government, everyone didn't tell Zhou Enlai about the condition.
During the period of hospitalization in the 305th Hospital, Zhou Enlai had a thorough view of his own life and death issues. He said, Deng Yingchao and I have long agreed that the ashes will not be kept after death. He was also the first national leader in the central government to not keep ashes.
was admitted to the 305 hospital
June 1, 1974, was the first day Zhou Enlai was admitted to the 305 hospital.When he walked into the hospital with Sister Deng, the doctors were eating. Premier Zhou beckoned to everyone and said affectionately: "This time I was hospitalized, you all came to serve me, thank you everyone! I will have an operation soon. If the operation is successful, I will accompany you to eat a meal; If the operation is unsuccessful, then this time I shall say goodbye to everyone!"
Everyone present shed tears after hearing this. At 9 o'clock that night, the hospital performed the first operation for the prime minister. Before the operation, Deng Xiaoping, Ye Jianying, and Wang Dongxing came to the hospital one after another. No one spoke, and the atmosphere was very solemn. The operation was not completed until more than two o'clock in the middle of the night. When the doctor reported that the Prime Minister's operation was going well, the people present were relieved. At this time, Chairman Mao also called to ask about the operation, and instructed not to tell the Prime Minister himself or Deng Yingchao about his illness.
During the hospital stay, Premier Zhou would insist on meeting foreign guests or arranging other work as long as conditions permit. At this time, it happened that Malaysian Prime Minister Razak conveyed to the Chinese government his intention to visit China and establish diplomatic relations with China. Zhou Enlai immediately extended an invitation to Razak on behalf of the Chinese government.
On May 28, 1974, Razak paid an official visit to China. That night, Zhou Enlai held a welcome banquet in the Great Hall of the People and delivered an important speech. Zhou En said: "The normalization of China-Malaysia relations is in the interests of the Chinese and Malaysian peoples. President Razak will visit our country this time, and the two governments will officially announce the establishment of diplomatic relations, unveiling a new history in the history of China-Malaysia relations. One page. The Chinese government and people extend a warm welcome to this!"
The meeting with Razak was Zhou Enlai's last formal meeting with a foreign leader. At that time, Zhou Enlai was extremely weak. He insisted on holding talks with Razak on the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Malaysia and finally reached an agreement with the medical staff ready to rescue him at any time.
By August 1975, Zhou Enlai's illness was already very serious. He knew that there was not much to come. Although Deng Xiaoping had come out to work, he was in danger of being overthrown at any time. One day, Zhou Enlai suddenly asked the doctors and nurses in the ward to retreat outside the ward.This was the only time he had been in hospital.
When only Deng Yingchao was left in the ward, Zhou Enlai asked Sister Deng to bring paper and pen, hold the railing of the bed with her left hand, and write to Mao Zedong with her trembling right hand. Deng Yingchao was very distressed and said to the Premier: "You dictate, I will write it for you?" Zhou Enlai replied without looking up: "No, I will write it myself."
Do my best to recommend Deng Xiaoping
The letter to Mao Zedong was proposed by Zhou Enlai that Deng Xiaoping should replace him. At the last moment of his life, Zhou Enlai did not forget to do his best to recommend Deng Xiaoping.
Deng Xiaoping and Zhou Enlai met during their work-study program in France in 1920. They have formed a deep friendship during their revolutionary career for more than half a century. After Deng Xiaoping was overthrown, Zhou Enlai gave Deng Xiaoping the utmost care within his ability, and tried his best to create opportunities for Deng's comeback, create public opinion, and recommend Deng Xiaoping as his successor when he was still seriously ill.
Deng Xiaoping has always regarded Zhou Enlai as his elder brother, admiring and respecting Zhou Enlai for life. He said, "I used as my elder brother, and we have been together for the longest time." He deliberately explained that Deng Xiaoping was different from others. He went to the countryside to train. He had to take care of him and ensure his safety. Rebels and Red Guards were not allowed to attack Comrade Xiaoping.
At the beginning, Jiangxi was going to arrange Deng Xiaoping in Ganzhou. Zhou Enlai believed that Ganzhou was far away from Nanchang with poor living conditions. He suggested that Xiaoping's family should be arranged near Nanchang, and it is best to arrange them in a detached courtyard so that they can be active in the courtyard. , And can ensure safety.
In January 1972, Mao Zedong, who was ill, personally attended Chen Yi's memorial service. He also mentioned Deng Xiaoping, saying that Deng Xiaoping’s problem was a contradiction among the people. This "qualitative" was exactly what Zhou Enlai had been waiting for for a long time. He immediately implied that Chen Yi's relatives would spread Mao Zedong's information to create public opinion for Deng Xiaoping's early comeback.Later, he personally sent someone to take Deng Xiaoping's family to Beijing.
On the afternoon of March 29, accompanied by Zhou Enlai, Mao Zedong met Deng Xiaoping at his residence in Zhongnanhai. Mao Zedong shook his hand and said eight words: "Work hard and protect your body!"
In order to restore Deng Xiaoping's reputation and expand his influence, Zhou Enlai arranged for Deng Xiaoping to make as many public appearances as possible. At the gala dinner hosted by the Cambodian head of state Prince Sihanouk on April 12, Zhou Enlai arranged for Deng Xiaoping to attend the banquet as the Vice Premier of the State Council. This was Deng Xiaoping’s first public appearance in the five years since he left the political arena. Sure enough, Deng Xiaoping caused a sensation as soon as he showed up, and reporters from various countries reported the news to the world under the heading "Deng Xiaoping's comeback." Zhou Enlai also introduced Deng Xiaoping to the foreign guests present: "This is a leader who will become a very important person in the future." At this meeting, Mao Zedong’s theory on the division of the three worlds was systematically expounded. Prior to this, when the Ministry of Foreign Affairs asked Mao Zedong about the candidate for the head of the delegation to attend the special session of the UN General Assembly, Zhou Enlai had done a lot of work in advance, so at the Politburo meeting, most of the Politburo members agreed that Deng Xiaoping led the delegation to attend. General Assembly meeting. Mao Zedong instructed in the resolution formed at the meeting: "Okay, agree!"
Zhou Enlai immediately asked the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to distribute Mao Zedong's approval to members of the Politburo for circulation, and when Deng Xiaoping left Beijing, he drove to the Capital Airport ill to see Deng Xiaoping off. After Deng Xiaoping was sent away, Zhou Enlai was admitted to the hospital again.
Participating in the National Day reception for the last time
After being admitted to the hospital, Zhou Enlai knew very well that his physical condition was critical to the overall political situation of the country. So he still insisted on working with illness. On September 28, 1974, Zhou Enlai personally reviewed the list of people attending the reception for the 25th anniversary of the National Day. At that time, many veteran cadres were knocked down. Zhou Enlai wanted to use this opportunity to make them appear at the National Day reception as much as possible, because attending the National Day reception meant that these people were "liberated". Zhou Enlai, who was ill, still considered the problem so carefully.It's really admirable.
On the evening of September 30, 1974, the Great Hall of the People was brightly lit, and more than 4,500 guests from home and abroad gathered together. Everyone was waiting with anxiety and waiting for the appearance of Zhou Enlai. According to Zhou Enlai's physical condition at the time, he could not attend this kind of event, but he insisted on going. He said, "If I don't go, everyone will be disappointed."
When Zhou Enlai walked into the banquet with vigorous steps In the hall, the audience boiled. Everyone cheered together: "The Prime Minister is well, and the Prime Minister is well!" Many people clapped their hands desperately, even their palms were numb.
Zhou Enlai also realized that this might be the last time he hosted a National Day reception. At the end of the reception, he stepped out of the hall and turned back, his eyes fixed on everything in the Beijing hall, his eyes full of infinite nostalgia. He rushed to the waiters and shook hands with everyone one by one to bid farewell.
When Zhou Enlai found out that there was another waitress surnamed Jin who was not there, he asked everyone: "Why didn't Xiao Jin come? I haven't seen her for a long time."
Jin's dormitory invited Xiao Jin, who was pregnant, back. The Premier looked at Xiao Jin's belly and said happily, "So you are going to be a mother. Pay attention to your body!" Xiao Jin held the Prime Minister's hand tightly, looked at the Prime Minister's thin face, and couldn't help sobbing. Zhou Enlai patted her back to comfort him and said, "Don't cry, crying is bad for the development of the fetus." Everyone looked at the Prime Minister, and they couldn't stop crying. Finally, under the reminder of the medical staff, the prime minister reluctantly left.
Changsha decision-making
At the end of 1974, the Fourth National People's Congress was about to be held. This is a conference concerning China's future and destiny. Regardless of his serious illness, Zhou Enlai decided to go to Changsha in person and report to Mao Zedong.
Zhou Enlai stayed in Changsha for four days. The biggest gain of this trip was that Mao Zedong personally arranged Xiaoping's work and proposed Xiaoping to assume the three positions of first deputy prime minister, vice chairman of the military commission and chief of the general staff. This is exactly what Zhou Enlai wants to see, because only Deng Xiaoping can stabilize the situation.Let the country be prosperous and strong! This also means that in the next four sessions of the National People's Congress, Zhou Enlai will be the prime minister and Deng Xiaoping will be the first deputy prime minister.
Zhou Enlai's trip to Changsha is called by historians as the " Changsha decision " that has a bearing on China's future and destiny. Before leaving Changsha, Mao Zedong invited Zhou Enlai into his residence on the night of his birthday. The two old comrades had a long conversation for more than four hours. In this long talk, Mao Zedong expressed his firm support for Zhou Enlai. He said a very simple but very powerful sentence: " Prime Minister is still our Prime Minister!"
The last critic
Zhou Enlai always treats others. Gentle, no special circumstances, he rarely criticizes people harshly. During the hospitalization, Zhou Enlai's last critic was a doctor from 305 Hospital.
On the afternoon of February 4, 1975, the leading group of medical work performed an operation on Zhou Enlai. After the operation, Zhou Enlai just woke up from anesthesia, and whispered to the medical staff around him: "Call Li Bing."
Li Bing was the daughter of General Li Kenong and was the party secretary of the 305 hospital at that time. She thought the Prime Minister had something important to ask her, so she ran to the Prime Minister’s bed in three steps and two steps. Unexpectedly, when the Premier saw her, he criticized in a weak voice: "Li Bing, the miners of Yunnan tin mine have a high incidence of lung cancer. Did you know? Why don't you go to treat them and stay with me here?"
From Zhou Enlai's tone, Li Bing felt that the Premier was really angry this time. She is not afraid to go to Yunnan, but wants to stay and serve the prime minister better. In order to prevent the Prime Minister from getting angry, Li Bing had to answer: "I'll go right away. Prime Minister, you can rest!"
After leaving the ward, Li Bing walked quickly to the end of the corridor and cried bitterly with a "wow". After crying, she packed her clothes that day and went straight to Yunnan as the Premier said.She knew that Zhou Enlai had always been like this, thinking of others at all times, but not himself.
The last request
One day in November 1975, Zhou Enlai called for Deng Yingchao's life secretary Zhao Wei came to the hospital with Deng Yingchao. Zhao Wei soon came to Zhou Enlai's hospital bed and whispered "Prime Minister". Zhou Enlai stretched out his thin right hand and said to Zhao Wei, "Shook hands!"
Zhao Wei said hurriedly: "Prime Minister, I just came in from outside and my hand is cold, so let's not shake it!"
Zhou En came to see Zhao Wei for a long time, then stretched out his left hand from the quilt, held Zhao Wei's hand with two thin hands, and said in a faint voice: "You have to take care of the older sister."
Zhou Enlai's words As soon as it fell, Zhao Wei's tears burst into his eyes. Deng Yingchao hurriedly pulled Zhao Wei's clothes corner to signal her not to cry, and she went forward to chat with Zhou Enlai on other topics. Zhao Wei took the opportunity to run outside the door of the ward, holding the pillar in the corridor and crying bitterly.
Zhou Enlai has no children, and Deng Yingchao is the only relative who has been with him all his life. At the last moment of life, telling Zhao Wei to take good care of Deng Yingchao can be regarded as the prime minister's last entrustment.
On the evening of January 7, 1976, when he was still alive, Zhou Enlai opened his eyes slightly and said in a faint voice to the doctors such as Wu Jieping and Fang Zhe in front of the bed: "I have nothing more to do here. You should take care of others. Comrades who are sick, you are even more needed there..." This is also the last words of the Prime Minister.
On January 15, 1976, after Zhou Enlai's memorial meeting, Sister Deng returned to the 305th Hospital to thank the medical staff. She said to the medical staff: "The prime minister’s funeral is almost done. Today I will meet you again and take a picture with you. Thank you. At the same time, I will give the prime minister’s favorite standard photo to you all. One, I have prepared a photo frame. If you want the prime minister, you can hang it up and take a look. This is also Enlai’s wish."
He still treats people and things with such comprehensive, thoughtful, and meticulous consideration. Comrade Xiaoping, whom he highly recommended when he was seriously ill, was also a few years after the death of the prime minister. He used a large pen like a rafter to draw a circle on the South Sea. Under his guidance, the Chinese people entered a new era and realized the Chinese nation. The great revival of...
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