Guide:
Speaking of the Qing Dynasty, the eight surnames of Manchuria were often mentioned. They were once the most prominent surnames in Manchuria. After the establishment of the Houjin and Qing dynasties, they existed in various fields. Among them, they also occupied a place in the intertwined harem forces. Let's take a look at how many concubines from the eight major surnames of the Manchu and Qing dynasties in the Qing harem.
Manchuria The eight surnames are Tong Jia, Guar Jia, Ma Jia, Suo Chu Luo, Hershery , Fu Cha, Nara, Niu Hulu.
1. Nurhaci period (7 persons): half of the harem concubines belonged to the eight surnames
Nurhaci had 16 wives and concubines in his life, but there are 14 recorded, among which the two queens who were later named are Yehnala. Empress Xiaoci Gao ( Huangtaiji's mother), Xiaoliewu Empress Yehenala (the mother of Dorgon).
The two concubines belong to the eight surnames, the Yuan concubine Tong Jia (Chu Ying, Dai Shan's mother), Ji Fei Sha Ji Fu Cha (Mang Gurtai's mother).
The two concubines are the eight largest surnames, namely Yehenara ( niece of Xiaoci Gao ) and Hadanaara (daughter of Huergan).
Only one concubine has eight surnames, the daughter of Bokzhan, Niuhulu .
In summary, Nurhachi There are 7 people belonging to the eight major surnames in the harem of the era.There are 4 Nala clan (2 queens, 2 side concubines), 1 Tongjia clan, 1 Fucha clan, and Niuhulu clan.
2. Huang Tai Chi period (4 persons): Nala clan maintained strong momentum
The Qing Dynasty was officially established after Huang Tai Chi ascended the throne, so the real harem was not considered until the Huang Tai Chi era. According to records, Huang Taiji had 15 concubines, among them Yuanfei (originally married, daughter of Eryidu) was Niu Colu, step concubine was Ulanala (the birth mother of Hauge), and the side concubine was Yehenala. , Span4span 庶妃 has 1 Nara family.
In summary, there were 4 queen concubines of the eight surnames in the Huang Taiji era, including 1 from Niu Colu and 3 from Nala. Nala still maintains a strong momentum.
3. Shunzhi period (3 persons): the mother and the child are expensive, and the Tong Jia clan comes from behind.
Shunzhi Emperor Fulin has 37 concubines (including 17 figures), of which the Empress Xiao Kangzhang ( Kangxi) 's biological mother) is Tong Jia, there is no eight surnames among the imperial concubines, one is from Niuhulu clan of concubine, and one is from Klinara clan.
To sum up, in the Shunzhi period, the proportion of the eight queen concubines in the harem was relatively low, only 3 people, including 1 Tong Jia, 1 Niu Hulu, and Nala 1 People, Tong Jia's family was revered as the empress dowager by virtue of his son Kangxi Emperor Xuanye.
4. Kangxi period (14 persons): Heshe Lishi, Niuhulu family, Tong Jia family tripod
In the Kangxi period, the harem level has been relatively complete, including queens, emperor concubines , Noble concubine, concubine, concubine, noble, concubine, permanent, promise and other levels.
Among the 4 queens (including later seals), 3 belong to the eight major surnames. Empress Xiaochengren (the biological mother of Prince Yinrong and granddaughter of Sonny) is the Hesheli family, and Empress Xiaozhaoren ( 連比隆) Daughter) is the Niu Hulu clan, Empress Xiao Yiren (daughter of Tong Guowei) is Tong Jia clan, and Empress Xiao Yiren is also the foster mother of Emperor Yongzheng Yinzhen.
2 of the imperial concubines, the imperial concubine Tong Yi is the Guerjia clan, and the concubine Qihui Huang (the concubine of Tong Guowei) is the Tong Jia clan. There is 1 imperial concubine, Wen Xi imperial concubine (the daughter of Yubilong) is the Niu Hulu clan, and is the birth mother of the ten elder brother . Three of the concubines belong to the eight largest surnames. The eldest son of the emperor Yinzhen’s biological mother is Yehenara, the third son of the emperor Yinzhi’s biological mother is Ma Jia, and the Ping concubine ( with Queen Xiaochengren Sony) Granddaughter) is Hershey. There are 2 of them, they are Heshe Lishi, and Narashi are Tongmen. There are 2 Nara clan among the nobles, and 1 Niuhulu clan among concubines. Changzai and Daying did not clearly record their birth and death year and surname due to their low status.
To sum up, during the Kangxi period, there were 14 people in the harem belonging to the eight major surnames of Manchuria, including 3 queens, 2 emperors , noble concubine, 1 noble concubine, 3 concubines, 2 concubines, 2 nobles, 1 concubine. Among them, Niuhulu’s 3, Tongjia’s 2, Guarja’s 1, Nara’s 4, Majia’s 1, Herschel’s 3, Niuhulu’s, Hech The status of Shelishi and Tong Jiashi are equal.
V. Yongzheng period (2 persons): Nara clan and Niu Hulu clan were equally divided
During the Yongzheng emperor period, the two empresses belonged to the eight major surnames, namely the filial piety queen , the filial piety of Ulanala clan , Empress Shengxian (the birth mother of Emperor Qianlong) Niu Hulu clan.
The two queens of the Yongzheng period have been shown in large-scale Qing palace dramas such as "Yongzheng Dynasty" and "Zhen Huan Biography".And they are all powerful people who are well versed in the harem and the way of the emperor, which shows that the two big families are extraordinary.
6. Qianlong period (8 persons): the rising star of the Fucha clan
Qianlong was the emperor with the second longest reign and the longest life in the Qing Dynasty. There are two eight surnames among the queens, one of which is , the pure queen of Xiaoxian , and the other is the Nara family. One of the imperial concubines is Fucha, and two of the concubines belong to the eight largest surnames, namely Shu Fei Yehenala (great grandfather is Nalan Pearl), Jin Fei Fucha (Xiang Xian pure queen hall) Niece). In addition, there is 1 person in the 嫔嫔嫔嫔嫔嫔嫔楜祜路's family. There are 2 nobles, Suochuluo from Ruigui and Niuhulu from Shungui.
In summary, during the Qianlong period, there were 8 people in the eight surnames in the harem, including 2 queens, 1 imperial concubine, 2 concubines, 1 concubine, and 2 nobles. Among them, 3 were from the Fucha clan, 2 were from the Nala clan, 2 were from the Niuhulu clan, and 1 were from the Suochuluo clan.
Seven. Jiaqing period (3 persons): Niu Hulu took the lead
In the Jiaqing period, there were few concubines belonging to the eight surnames in the harem. Among them, the empress Xiaohe Rui was the Niu Hulu family, and the concubine Niu Hulu was the concubine Niu Hulu. Clan are all descendants of Niu Hulu clan. In addition, he belongs to one of the Guarja family, and is Anbi Suwan Guarja family.
8. Daoguang period (11 people): Niu Hulu continued to grow
In Daoguang period, the eight queens once again occupied the dominant position (including 4 queens) Three of them are eight surnames,Among them, Empress Xiaomucheng is Niuhulu family, Empress Xiaoshencheng is Tongjia family, Xianfeng Empress Xiaoquancheng is Niuhulu family.
In addition, the concubine Cheng concubine is the Niu Hulu family. In the concubine, the concubine is Nala, the concubine is Niu Hulu, and the concubine is Hesher. Among the 嫔嫔, Tian 嫔 is the Fucha clan, and is the Nara clan. Among the nobles, the noble is Nara's. Among the promises, Mu promised to be the Hershey.
In summary, during the Daoguang period, there were 11 people in the harem who belonged to the eight surnames, including 3 queens, 1 noble concubine, 3 concubines, 2 concubines, 1 noble, and 1 promised. Among them, there are 4 from Niuhulu family, 1 from Tongjia family, 3 from Nara family, 1 from Fucha family, and 2 from Hesheli family.
9. Xianfeng period (7 persons): Nala gradually grasped the lifeline of the dynasty
After the death of Xianfeng, there were two empress dowagers standing side by side, namely Empress Dowager Ci'an and empress dowager Cixi respectively, and the two represent the eighth dad. The surnames of Niu Hulu and Yehenala.
In addition, in the harem of the Xianfeng period, the royal concubine of Duanke was Tong Jia's clan, Wan concubine was Suo Chuoluo clan, Yon concubine was Nara clan, Yandi was Nala clan, Yubi was Nala clan S.
In summary, there were 7 people in the harem of the eight most important surnames in the Xianfeng period, including 2 queens, 1 imperial concubine, 1 imperial concubine, 1 concubine, and 2 concubines. Among them, there are 1 from Niuhulu, 4 from Nala, 1 from Tongjia, and 1 from Suochuoluo.
X. Tongzhi period (2 persons): Fucha and Hesheli were still honored
Only two people belonged to the eight surnames during the Tongzhi period. They were Emperor Shushen's noble concubine Fucha and respected the imperial concubine Heshe Heshe. Richter.
11. Guangxu period (1 person): Nara's world
Emperor Guangxu has 1 queen,Of the two imperial concubines, only the queen is one of the eight surnames, and is also the niece of the Empress Dowager Cixi, that is, the Empress Yehenala of Xiaodingjing.
12. Xuantong period (0 persons): the overthrow of the dynasty
Puyi There were 1 queen, 1 concubine, and 2 nobles, but they were all "canonized" after the demise of the Qing Dynasty, and none The eight surnamed concubines.
Based on the inventory of the 12 emperors and harems of the Qing Dynasty, there are a total of 62 concubines of the eight surnames of the Manchu and Qing Dynasty (the title is subject to the seal). According to the number of rankings: 14 in the Kangxi period, 11 in the Daoguang period, and Qianlong period 8th place, 7th place during the Nurhachi period, 7th place during the Xianfeng period, 4th place during the Huangtaiji period, 3rd place during the Shunzhi period, 3rd place during the Jiaqing period, 2nd place during the Yongzheng period, 2nd place during the Tongzhi period, 1st place during the Guangxu period, 0th place during the Xuantong period.
In addition, for example, Nara's, Niu Hulu, Herschel, Fuchs, Tong Jia, etc. were particularly strong in a certain period, and even the same clan or same father appeared in a period Concubine. Among the concubines belonging to the eight major surnames of Manchuria, Nara family accounted for 23 people, Niuhulu family accounted for 16 people, Fucha family accounted for 6 people, Tong Jia family accounted for 6 people, and Hesheli family accounted for 6 people. 57 people, which shows that its power is huge. The Niu Hulu clan even has the nickname "Phoenix Nest" family, which shows that the influence of this clan in the entire Qing Dynasty is not comparable to that of ordinary clan. In the early period, the Nala clan had an absolute advantage in quantity. In the later period, the Empress Dowager Cixi was in power and held power for nearly half a century, making the Nala clan also occupy an important position in the late Qing Dynasty. Although other clans did not surpass Nala and Niu Hulu in number, they were also important surnames.
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