Today in Sasha’s history [Sasha Lecture Hall No. 234]
Author: Sasha
This article is original by Sasha, and no media reprints are allowed
Chinese cultural delegation suffered an air crash and crashed the Soviet Union: October 17, 1958: Kanash air crash, a Tu-104 passenger plane crashed in Kanash, Soviet Union, killing all 80 people on board, including Zheng Zhenduo and the Chinese cultural delegation led by Cai Shufan.
This is a big tragedy .
On October 17, 1958, a Soviet Map 104 passenger plane, carrying a delegation from China and North Korea, took off from Beijing with its destination in Moscow.
This Tu104 passenger plane is brand new and has been in service for less than 4 months and has only flown for 465 hours. Such a new passenger plane should not have any mechanical failures.
In order to carry the cultural delegations of China and North Korea, including 16 Chinese, almost all of them are officials of various types, and some senior officials.
For example, Zheng Zhenduo, who is 60 years old, visited as the deputy minister of the Ministry of Culture of China. There is also 53-year-old Cai Shufan, who was the director of the Central Defense Sports Club at the time.
In addition, there are 49 foreign experts returning to China, including 4 Germans and 1 British. After landing and refueling in Omsk, the passenger plane continued to fly to Moscow. However, there was heavy fog near Moscow. Under the command of Kazan air traffic control, the passenger plane was preparing to temporarily land in the Ural Mountains, waiting for the weather in Moscow to recover.
The plane just landed from an altitude of 10,000 yuan, and suddenly encountered a strong upward airflow. Suddenly, the plane rose by 2,000 meters.
, and the 104 passenger plane can only fly to 11,000 meters, which has exceeded the maximum altitude at this time, and the nose has a 40-degree inclination angle.
Figure 104 cannot withstand such tossing and quickly loses speed and begins to fall rapidly. The nine crew members were all Soviets, and the two pilots tried every means to try to restore speed.
Figure 104 has a relatively backward performance, and after stalling, the elevator completely loses its function. Although Soviet pilots finally increased their speed at an altitude of 2,000 meters, they still could not stop the plane from falling.
At 9:30 that night, the passenger plane crashed near a railway in the west of Canash. The passenger plane exploded and caught fire, turning into countless debris. All 80 people on the plane were killed, none of them survived.
Among the victims this time, there are quite a few survivors of the war that have died.
Cai Shufan, director of the Central Defense Sports Club, worked underground for decades, fought all his life without any trouble, and eventually died in an airplane accident.
Cai Shufan was arrested and imprisoned when he was 24 years old in 1927 when he was arrested and imprisoned when he launched a counter-revolutionary coup in Wuhan. He was rescued by luck.
Since 1931, Cai Shufan has been fighting on the front line, starting with the political commissar of the 22nd Army. In the shattering of the second counter-revolutionary "encirclement and suppression", he braved the guns and led the way, and was injured in 9 places. In the third anti-"encirclement and suppression" battle in , he was injured and lost his left arm. Because of his outstanding military achievements, he was called a one-armed general by Red Army .
It's okay to go through such a major danger, but I didn't expect to die in the Soviet plane accident.
The accident was mainly caused by three reasons.
First, encountering extreme weather, causing Figure 104 to climb above the highest ceiling and lose control.
Second, the design of Figure 104 is relatively backward, and once special circumstances occur, there will be serious consequences.
Third, although the pilot has rich flight experience, the time of flying map 104 is too short and his ability is limited, so he cannot save himself successfully.
After this accident, the Soviet Union stipulated that Map 104 could not fly more than 9,000 meters.
Here I will talk about the Tu104 passenger plane, which is the first jet passenger plane in the Soviet Union and has epoch-making significance.
Before this, the Soviet Union had only Il 14 propeller aircraft, and the flight speed was very slow.Since the service of Figure 104, the flight time of the route can be reduced to one-half.
Figure 104 was delivered to the Soviet civil aviation in 1956 and started international routes in 1957. However, the reputation of the 104 is not good, and it has the nickname of "Life-Sending Aircraft". After just two years of service, two serious air crashes occurred in 1958. In addition to 80 people killed in the Kanash Air Fraud, there was another 64 people killed in the Air Fraud.
Figure 104 has a fatal problem, that is, once a turbulent flow of the Kanash air crash is encountered at a high altitude, the autopilot may be completely out of control. Even if pilots intervene urgently, there are often disastrous consequences. In addition, Figure 104 is a very bulky aircraft with slow operating reactions and it is difficult to turn the tide once there is a danger.
From 1959 to 1981, 37 map 104 crashed, of which 16 were completely scrapped, resulting in the deaths of 1,140 people. The key is that the number of Figure 104 is not large, there are only more than 200 aircraft in total, with a loss rate of up to 18%, which is very amazing.
In addition to the Kanash air disaster, Figure 104 also has some bad air disasters.
For example, in 1981, a map 104 of the Soviet Navy crashed, and all 50 people on board were killed. Among the 50 people, 16 senior Soviet Navy officers were included, including Admiral Emir Spiridonov, commander of the Pacific Fleet, and his wife. The air crash also caused a devastating blow to the senior leadership of the Soviet Pacific Fleet - the Soviet Navy lost only four generals during the entire World War II .
Because of the bad reputation of Figure 104, Soviet civil aviation pilots also compiled a satirical song in the 1960s.
At that time, the Soviet propaganda map 104 was the fastest passenger plane. This satirical song says: The speed of the map 104 is fast enough that it can send you to hell in 2 minutes!
The ashes of the 16 Chinese victims of the Kanash air crash were buried in the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery in Beijing, with a monument erected to commemorate them.
In addition, Sasha couldn't help but say something to the Soviet Union's Map series passenger plane. See the picture above for details!
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