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[Idiom list]
Princes/partial/rulers/The reason/Emperor Wen of Han/Emperor Emperor Jing of Han/A series/People/labor force/productivity/People's life/social economy/Wenjing's governance/Restoration and recuperation
[words with extensional meaning]
issuance/local/basic/opening/Spring and Autumn /Shui/Suid/Life/Site/Station/
[]Wenjing's governance (wén jǐng zhī zhì)
The rule of Wenjing (wén jǐng zhī zhì) took place during the reign of Emperor Wen of Han (hàn wén dì) and The rule of Emperor Jing of Han (hàn jǐng dì). Before the establishment of the Han Dynasty, society was always in the midst of the brutal rule of the Qin Dynasty and the turmoil of the Chu-Han conflict, resulting in the economic recession of the society and the people's food and clothing. After the establishment of the Han Dynasty, the Han Dynasty, Emperor Gaozu, , Huidi, and Empress Lü, vigorously developed (dà lì fā zhǎn*) agriculture, restored (huāfù) social productivity, stabilized (wěn dìng) social order, and strengthened imperial power. These series of measures laid the foundation for the stability and development of the country (diàn) dìng) the foundation. During the reign of Emperor Wen of Han (hàn wén dì), the national land tax dropped from 15th to 13th one (sān shí shuì yī), and finally all land rents were exempted (miǎn chú). Emperor Wen advocated peacefully with neighboring countries (hé píng xiāng chǔ*), and did not easily launch wars (fādòng zhàn zhēng*), creating a comfortable and stable living environment for the people of (lǎo bǎi xìng). Emperor Wen also advocated frugality and demonstrated it personally. During his reign, the living utensils in the palace were all left by Emperor Gaozu of Han. He rarely bought new clothes, and did not decorate all the chariots and horses. The quilts and curtains in the palace were also simple patterns without embroidery. Emperor Jing also asked the concubines to raise silkworms and grow vegetables in the harem to reduce the burden on farmers. mín fù dān*); it is not allowed to contribute to the county and state (jùn guó) and it is prohibited to make luxurious life (hē huá*), and it is not allowed to plunder (sōu ɡuā) people's fat and paste (mín zhī mín gāo).
Emperor Wen adopted the suggestion of (cǎi nà) Chao Cuo (cháo cuò) to promote agriculture and suppress commerce (zhòng nóng yì shāng*), and repeatedly asked the people to participate in agricultural development. He ordered the people across the country to classify the labor force (láo dòng lì), and gave different rewards respectively, and opened up some of the mountains, forests and rivers under the control of the state, and distributed them to each household in a certain proportion. hù*), encourage and improve the enthusiasm of the people, thereby promoting the development of agriculture and side businesses, and promoting the development of social daily necessities, such as salt and iron. Chao Cuo also suggested that part of the mainland (nèi dì*) population be moved to border towns and distributed to them land and houses.This not only developed the frontier, but also improved the overall level of social development, but also reduced the country's support for the border, killing two birds with one stone. Emperor Wen also changed some laws, removed the cruel punishments, and made them more humane and more in line with the lives of the people. These measures played a very important role in the economic development of the Han Dynasty (fā zhǎn jīng jì xué*). During the reign of Emperor Jing of Han (hàn jǐng dì) , the country continued to adopt the policies of Emperor Wen’s rest and rest (xiū yǎng shēng xī), and on this basis, many new propositions were put forward.
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During the reign of Emperor Jing, both the social economy (shè huì jīng jì*) and the productivity (shēng chǎn lì) reached a certain level. Therefore, the rulers of tǒng zhì zhě began to develop areas outside agriculture, first of all, the aspects of literary education (wén xué jiào yù*).
At that time, there was a very famous person named Wenweng (wén wēng), a native of Lujiang (lú jiāng). When he was young, Wenweng liked reading very much and memorized the entire book "Spring and Autumn (chūn qiū) and the county magistrate (jùn shǒu) learned that his talent was outstanding, so he recommended him to the court (cháo tíng*).Emperor Jing gave him a question (chū tí) and tested him, and Wenweng answered him in a smooth manner (duì dárú liú*). Emperor Jing was very happy and appointed him as the prefect of Shu County. After Wen Weng took office, he founded the county and county official schools, guiding officials to learn the way of becoming officials and teaching them how to live in harmony with the people. For a while, all over the country (quán guó gèdì*) competed to imitate (xiào fǎng*), and Emperor Jing also praised (zàn shǎnɡ) Wenweng's approach. Until Emperor Wu of Han (hàn wǔdì) during his reign (zhèng shíqī*), Wenweng's school-running model was still being implemented.
On the one hand, Jingdi vigorously advocated the development of cultural and educational undertakings, and on the other hand, suppressed the nobles and evil forces (è shì lì*). When building his own cemetery (línɡyuán) - Yangling (yáng líng), Emperor Jing ordered some of the nobles to be moved to Yangling (yáng líng), and Emperor Gaozu of Han also used this method. Separate the members of the nobles from the two places, block the exchanges, and weaken their power so that they will not threaten the emperor's rule. In order to prevent anyone from engaging in bad intentions, Emperor Jing also appointed a group of officials to use torture against prisoners who were extremely guilty of crimes and unregrets to warn others. After hearing this, the officials and nobles who wanted to do bad things were much more restrained.
Jingdi's series of policies to govern the country and safeguard the people (zhì guó ān mín) have further developed and improved the social economy and productivity of the during the reign of Emperor Wen. The lives of the people are getting better and better, and the national strength is increasing day by day. During the reign of Emperor Jing, the grain was filled with grain silos. Because was too late to eat, many of them had rotted; there were countless copper coins in the treasury, and they were left unused for a long time, and the hemp ropes that had been strung together were broken. The population of the Han Dynasty also increased from the original vassal of the Great Marquis (fēng guó) to 40,000 households (wàn jiā*), and the small country had no more than 600 households (bǎi jiā), to 40,000 households (zēng guó), and the number of small countries increased several times, which shows the prosperity of living standards (shēng huó shuǐ píng).
During the 41 years of Emperor Wen of Han and Emperor Jing of Han, the two jointly advocated the policies of rest and recuperation (xiū yǎng shēng xī), light taxes and levies (qīng yáo báo fù*), which led to the first feudal era in China - the rule of Wen and Jing. Emperor Wen and Emperor Jing learned from the lessons of the fall of Qin and relaxed many policies for the people, especially the peasants, in order to achieve the goal of consolidating the regime. The reason why Wen and Jing's rule was successful was that the rulers of the at that time followed the historical development and adopted a series of policies that were in line with the state and social conditions, which promoted the development of the country's politics and social economy. Usually, people measure whether a country is strong, and do not value how much wealth the rich have, but how rich the lives of the people at the bottom are.
During the Wenjing rule, the rulers' policies on the vassal states were still loose (shàng xiǎn) and laid hidden dangers for the later rebellion of the vassal states. However, on the other hand, the sufficient food and money (jīn qián) laid the foundation for the prosperity of the people during the rebellion of the vassal states (hàn wǔdì), and also provided rich material resources for the subsequent conquest of the vassal states (zhēng fán) zī yuán).
[Statistics of the distribution of words in primary school textbooks in this article]
★Volume 01 (4): Come here/just/can/method/
★Volume 02 (9): Distribute to/someone/people/down/this/for/last/of course/has always/
★Volume 03 (20): Still need to/high/behave as/China/number/famous/more/more/how much/enough/land/especially/attract/order/consolidate/capture/threat/threat/do bad things/not too late/
★Volume 04 (9): Become/normal/usual/get/stable/appreciate/use/success/anyone/
★Volume 05(17): Forests/ban/propose/pattern/reading/care/not only/so/can/frontier/situ/country/country/effort/agree/partial/encourage/development/
★Volume 06(22): National/official/until/official/whether/at that time/decline/first/construction/long-term/promotion/necessity/reduce/contribution/occupation/all/comfort/calm/rich/simple/harmony/harmony/home/
★No. 07 Book (24): full/even more/learning/many/all places/ruling/special/for/population/decreasing/decreasing/attaining/motivating/material/requiring/economy/peace/intentional/war/punishment/strong/severe/
★Volume 08 (10): Neighbors/embroidery/visible/how/warning/necessary/rotten/purpose/strengthening/separation/
★Volume 09 (13): Others/personal/burden/common/modification/thrift/improvement/guidance/weakness/learning/learning/gratitude/care/savvy/sexual/
★Volume 10( 8): Money/Appointment/Enjoyment/Supervision/Support/Guarantee/Special/
★Volume 11 (10): Also/Try to/No need/Restoration/Convergence/Important/Environment/Confirmation/Adjustment/Adjustment/
★Volume 12 (13): Being in/Practice/Items/Rebellion/People/Level/Agriculture/Usage/Optimal/Brutal/Unnecessary/Necessary/
☆Total of primary school stage: 159
☆Total of this article: 178
Pinyin with * means polyphonic characters.
Reference: Lu Peihao's "Dictionary of Chinese Non-Original Meaning" 1999 China International Broadcasting Press
Particle and pinyin are added using Python technology. If there are any mistakes, please leave a message to correct it.
Text source:
http://book.sbkk8.com/gudai/shishu/zhonghuashangxiawuqiannian/
