Editor's note:
This year, our party will hold the 20th National Congress. A hundred years ago, under the direct care and leadership of the Communist Party of China, the Communist Youth League of China was established. Over the past hundred years, generations of young members of the League have been united under the banner of the Party’s ideals and beliefs. Under the unity and leadership of the League organization, they have experienced the baptism of blood and fire, the test of life and death, and have always been the pioneer force in realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. As the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League, "China Youth" magazine faithfully records the past century. Under the strong leadership of the Party, the Communist Youth League has not forgotten its original aspiration, kept its mission in mind, and was at the forefront of youth. It organizes and guides generations of young people to firmly believe in and follow the Party, and contributes to the struggle for national independence, people's liberation, and the realization of national prosperity and people's happiness.
"Chinese Youth" was founded on October 20, 1923. It is the oldest red mainstream journal in China. The century-old history of "Chinese Youth" is a clear epitome of the leadership of our party in China's youth movement, an important record of the "Youth Chapter" of the century-old party history, and a glorious memory of the vigorous development of the Communist Youth League's cause.
The century-old "Chinese Youth" is a profound history, a spiritual highland, a banner of thought, an epic of youth, and a clarion call for progress. It is a mirror of thought that observes the century-old youth movement, and it is also a note of the growth of Chinese youths setting sail. It is sharp, writing footnotes and trajectories of change for the tide of the times; it is warm and warm, guiding generations of young people to share the sails and move forward bravely.
From now on, the full media of China Youth Magazine will launch a column "The Centennial Historical Tale of "Chinese Youth"", aiming to lead the vast number of young people to inherit the red genes, continue the red bloodline, unswervingly follow the Party, fight for the Party and the people, and welcome the successful convening of the 20th National Congress of the Party through the traceability of history.
The new era of "Chinese Youth" is as sincere as yesterday, thinking as before, and blood is not cold. Let us bravely be the trendsetters in the new era, advocate pioneers, learn from pioneers, and strive to be pioneers, and to achieve the second centenary goal, and to promote the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and contribute our youthful strength to achieve the second centenary goal!
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"A Century Historical Talk of "Chinese Youth"" ⑦
Academic and Saving the Country
@text/Li Liangming
Opium War As a result, China has gradually become a semi-colonial semi-feudal society. The country is at its peak and the people are at its peak. We must save the country, save the people from the fire, make the nation independent and the people liberate, and have become the dream of all Chinese people with lofty ideals since modern times. However, people are struggling to save the country and how to use it to save the country. Scientific saving of the country, education saving of the country, etc. have become options. Hong Xiuquan , Kang Youwei , Yan Fu and Sun Yat-sen are advanced figures who struggled to seek the truth of saving the country before the birth of the Communist Party of China. Mao Zedong once vividly said: "At that time, the Chinese who sought progress could read any book as long as they were the new principles of the West. The number of students sent to Japan, Britain, the United States, France and Germany reached an astonishing level. The domestic abolished the imperial examinations and promoted schools, and they seemed to have sprung up after a rain. He also said in combination with his own changes in his thoughts: "I learned these things in my youth. These are the culture of Western bourgeois democracy, that is, the so-called new learning, including the sociology and natural sciences at that time... Those who learned these new learning developed a sense of confidence for a long time... To save the country, there is only reform, and only foreign countries."
However, the invasion of imperialism broke the Chinese's dream of learning the West, and the Chinese also learned a lot from the West, but it didn't work, and ideals could never be realized.
Until the October Revolution, a cannon fire brought Marxism-Leninism to China. Mao Zedong said deeply: "The October Revolution helped the whole world and helped China's advanced elements, using the cosmic view of the proletariat as a tool to observe the fate of the country, reconsider its own problems. Take the path of the Russians - this is the conclusion."
Chen Duxiu, Li Dazhao, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Yun Daiying and others are such a group of advanced intellectuals in China. After a long night of exploration, they accepted the Marxist materialist historical concept, combined Marxism with the workers' movement, established the Communist Party of China, and led the people of the whole country to carry out political struggles, thus truly finding the correct path to achieve national independence and people's liberation.
However, this correct path explored through untold hardships is not something that every young man can immediately understand and accept. After all, science saves the country and education saves the country The ideas of many young people are still relatively deep-rooted in the minds of many young people.
Yun Daiying promoted Marxism in "Chinese Youth", recommended books on social sciences to young people, and encouraged them to study social sciences, in order to guide Chinese youth on the road of revolution. However, his good intentions were also misunderstood, even including his friends.
"Chinese Youth" was only 6 issues published, and his friend Yang Xiaochun wrote to Yun Daiying, saying: "Chinese Youth" is quite popular among the general youth beliefs, and I also hope that it can attract more attention. I hope that academics should not be too light. We should hope that everyone will pay more attention to state affairs, but we should not hope that young people will oppose academics. You can't help but deliberately say something too much, for fear that the opponent will lose his trust. "
Yang Xiaochun (1895-1938), from Yiwu, Zhejiang, was admitted to the Nanjing Higher Teachers Education Department in 1918. He was a member of the Youth Chinese Society of with Yun Daiying. He studied under Tao Xingzhi , Yan Yangchu, etc., and paid attention to rural education movement . In 1927, Tao Xingzhi founded a rural normal school in Xiaozhuang. Yang Xiaochun worked very hard, and he actually took on many specific affairs. In the 1920s, Yun Daiying and Yang Xiaochun had a fierce "friendly discussion" on the issue of "non-child public education". Yun Daiying once said: "I discuss the truth with Yang Jun, not a one-day victory or defeat. "Later, they often had letters. When they received Yang Xiaochun's letter, Yun Daiying felt that his friend had misunderstood him. He thought to himself: "How dare I oppose academics? I always want to find the ways that should be followed in the construction of social destruction through academics, but I always feel that the materials are not enough and the knowledge is too shallow. "He regretted that he had not read enough books on social sciences in the past, and had not paid attention to in-depth research on social sciences. Now he is trying to study social sciences more! So Yun Daiying published "Academics and Saving the Country" in the 7th issue of "Chinese Youth", which can be regarded as a reply to Yang Xiaochun.
"Chinese Youth" Issue 7
Yun Daiying pointed out that ordinary people attach importance to learning technology, such as making machines and driving cars, which is something that must be learned. If they do not study but insist on talking about these things, they will inevitably be ridiculed by "experts". But it is strange that ordinary people think that they do not need to learn and can say some good things about how to make society progress. Therefore, they think that social sciences do not need to be learned, and therefore they do not know how to make society progress. So Yun Daiying sincerely replied to Yang Xiaochun: "If a country wants to rectify the chaos and turn weak into strong, there must be a way that he should follow. We must find this way in the theories of sociologists and the lessons of history in ancient and modern times, China and abroad, and we will be confident that we can save China. How can we oppose academics? "
At this moment, Yun Daiying received another letter from a young man named Zhongxiu, Baoding, Hebei. The letter said:
Some people say, what is the use of studying social science alone? But it is just doing the destructive skills. How can we build it? Pay more attention to natural science and think that future construction is prepared! No matter what, natural science cannot be ignored. Such arguments are the most confusing! There are many people waiting and watching. The young people will be hinted by him! I hope you will publish more about this kind of text in "Chinese Youth", because there are quite a few young people sleeping in the fog of science saving the country! The problems reflected in
are representative and have an impact on the youth at that time.
Yun Daiying said in "Academics and Saving the Country" that if the natural sciences refer to technical knowledge such as industry, agriculture, etc., I think we do not object to learning this technology."But we think that social science is much more important than these technical sciences to save China."
At this time, he suddenly remembered a passage that a gentleman said in Chengdu with infinite emotion: "If you add up all the knowledge learned by students in various specialized schools in Chengdu, you can't build a single rig of railways. How could China be strong?"
"Haha... What a joke!" Yun Daiying thought to himself that the gentleman thought that the knowledge of students in Chengdu could afford a few rig of railways, and China would become stronger. Is this really the case? There is no one in China anymore, and it should be possible to build dozens or hundreds of miles of railways with international students from both the East and West! But now the government only knows how to fight, only knows how to grab money, only knows how to please foreigners, and is completely unwilling to use these people to do something. Under such a government, even hundreds or thousands of professional and technical talents still cannot find serious things to do, nor can they do serious things to do. How can we talk about science saving the country?
Thinking of this, Yun Daiying said firmly, I dare to assert that to save the country, we must first make Chinese society have a political reform and be on the right track. Therefore, "to destroy, social science is needed; to build, social science is still needed. From this we can see that China is the most important thing in politics."
"China's politics is on track, and it is naturally no longer possible to have enough domestic technicians. We do not oppose human learning of technical science." Yun Daiying continued, "But we think that relying solely on technical science to save the country is just a fool who does not know the national conditions. The more people who study technical science, the more they want to have people who can study social sciences so that China can make progress so that they can use technology to effectively serve China. Do things. Technology science is only useful after the current situation is changed. It cannot change the current situation itself. If the current situation is not changed, China's cause will fall into the hands of foreigners day by day. Even if there are thousands or hundreds of technicians, they will not only be unable to save the country, but they can only use his technology to help foreigners do things. As a result, technicians can only become foreign slaves. Therefore, we think that to save China, social science is much more important than technological science. "
Yun Daiying is still unsatisfied, and published "Re-On Academic and Saving the Country" in the 17th issue of "Chinese Youth" to continue to guide revolutionary youth. He said humorously: "Academics is something that has always been respected by the Chinese. Generally, emperors who fool scholars, even when they "take the world right away", had once drown the Confucian champion and insulted Confucian scholars. Once they gained the world, they would spare no effort to whitewash peace and eliminate hidden dangers, and use various titles and salaries to restrain the so-called "scholars". Generally, white-faced scholars were happy to collude with the emperor to confuse farmers, industry and merchants, and so they also helped promote nonsense such as "prime ministers must use scholars". Therefore, Shu Sui always had an inexplicable relationship with governing the country and pacifying the world. "
"Chinese Youth" Issue 17
"I said that to save the country, we must study the academic-social science that saves the country. There are really many friends who think it is prejudice!" Yun Daiying said that they "would be sentenced to me as a crime of 'despising academic'. I am so unfair. I want to make a formal statement that I do not oppose anyone, who uses any purpose to study any academic or even anything."
Yun Daiying pointed out: "What I mean, but the first thing we do today is that we hope that some people can save the country; therefore, we hope that some people can study the academics of saving the country. First, I want to point out that other academics have no direct relationship with saving the country. Relying on other academics is unreliable. Second, we need to point out that to save the country, we still have to study the academics of saving the country. The kind of blind action in the past was too enthusiastic and had no results."
Yun Daiying further emphasized that I mean: First, "I think that those who want to devote themselves to the national saving movement should put some practical research on the academics of saving the country." We are not just sending flyers, making phone calls, or holding meetings and parades, but we can be satisfied after a while. Second, "I thought we must break the fallacy that any academic can save the country." We should be able to study some of the academics that save the country by ourselves, and get considerable guidance from those who have such research.
Some people say that we study academics for the value of academics themselves, regardless of whether they are useful or whether they can save the country.
Yun Daiying said that I dare not object to this attitude towards academic research. A man should have the right to seek pleasure according to his own will. But if China does not change its poverty and embarrassment, it will destroy its country and destroy its seeds, even if it produces several Newton and Einstein , this kind of "honor" will be fine if it doesn't enjoy it! I just hope that ordinary young people will spend more energy and study the academics of saving the country. "This seems to be more important than that kind of personal pleasure and the honor of the void!"
Some people also said that they would study the academics of saving the country, social sciences, and how could they completely leave other studies?
Yun Daiying said that studying any kind of science is inseparable from other sciences, which is good. However, everyone who studies a science has his starting point for his research. All academics can make him have a relationship with saving the country in a twists and turns, which I admit. "But there is no academic that can save the country, and only other things, and it will never be effective in saving the country." Therefore, it is equally urgent and important to say that all academics can save the country and study all academics, "it is ultimately unreliable."
Yun Daiying hopes that Chinese youth, especially those studying in school, will not be deceived by these unreliable words.
"A Century Historical Talk of "Chinese Youth"" Column
The predecessor of "Chinese Youth" "Pilot" (I): Liu Renjing and "Pilot"
The predecessor of "Chinese Youth" "Pilot" (II): Shi Cuntong and Yun Daiying
What did Shi Cuntong and Liu Renjing argue about the youth movement?
"The Pioneer" is suspended, "China Youth" is founded and
"China Youth" is published in the publication purpose
What books to read and how to read
Producer: Pi Jun
Final review: Lin Yuhong
Reviewed: Liu Xiao Liu Bowen
Editor: June 1
