(The only picture in this article comes from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact us to delete it)
(This article has a total of 2,600 words, and it takes about 7 minutes to finish reading)
It has been a long time since I mentioned the old story.
The period of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms was both far away and boring for people in today's society. At least, this is what Shengyu thought, it was a terrifying decades, fighting, killing, starving and killing people everywhere, and the people were living in poverty.
But if you look closely at this history, you will still find some people and things worth talking about.
Today we will talk about the story of 5th generation The story of the Later Jin Emperor Gaozu and Shi Jingtang . The title of
has basically set the tone for this person, so-called "descendant for thousands of years".
It is said to be a portrait of Shi Jingtang
- Shatuo people? A Jie people?
On March 30, 892 AD, Shi Jingtang was born. Shi Jingtang's father's name is called Shi Shaoyong , but since the Shi family itself is not a Han , but a Hu person, it is found that Shi Shaoyong's name is called "Nie lei chicken" (nie4 lie4), it feels a bit strange. How could
have such a strange name? According to the "New History of the Five Dynasties", the Shi family was originally from Shatuo.
So the question is, who are Shatuo people?
Shatu belongs to a branch of the Turkic language tribe. When it comes to the Turkic language tribe, today's Turkic , Azerbaijani, Turkmen ( Turkmen means "Turks"), Uzbek are all descendants of the so-called Turks. Therefore, I believe that all spectators may have already taken a sensation in what kind of image Shatuo people should have.
However, the reversal is coming. Later, he succeeded Shi Jingtang as Later Jin The tomb of his nephew Shi Chonggui was excavated in modern times. The stone of his tombstone clearly states that Shi Chonggui is a descendant of Shi Le , the leader of the Jie tribe during the Southern and Northern Dynasties. We will talk about the chaotic Northern and Southern Dynasties in the future if we have the chance.
Here we talk about Shi Jingtang's clan. I personally believe that saying that he is a descendant of Shi Le is suspected of forcibly accompanies the ancients. First of all, Shi Le is not a good person, and the Shi Jingtang family should not have the surname Shi at first, so it is more likely that he is a Shatuo native.
Shatuo tribe, in the long river of Chinese history, has long been submerged, or has been integrated into other ethnic groups.
- Hou Tang Zhuzhen Jiedushi
On June 3, 926, the second emperor of the Later Tang Li Siyuan ascended the throne and became emperor, known in history as Emperor Mingzong of the Later Tang Dynasty. Li Siyuan was the adopted son of Li Keyong, the late Tang Dynasty , the governor of Hedong, , in the Tang Dynasty. This sentence is the focus and will be tested later.
Since Shi Jingtang's father Shi Shaoyong also made great contributions to the establishment of the Later Tang Dynasty, the Later Tang Dynasty posthumously named Shi Shaoyong as the Grand Tutor. Therefore, Shi Jingtang was highly valued during the Later Tang Dynasty.
At that time, it was the time when "Will the kings, princes, generals and ministers have a seed" to the extreme. According to historical records, Shi Jingtang was good at bows and horses since he was a child, was taciturn and laughing, and liked to read military books. He was the leader in combat and was extremely brave. He was highly appreciated by Li Siyuan and was recruited as his personal general.
In 926 AD, 59-year-old Li Siyuan, with the urge and active participation of 34-year-old Shi Jingtang, launched the Yedu Incident, replacing the first emperor of the Later Tang Dynasty, Li Cunxu, and ascended the throne and became the second emperor of the Later Tang Dynasty. Shi Jingtang can be regarded as a contribution to support him.
In the eight years since his father-in-law Li Siyuan was in power, his son-in-law Shi Jingtang was in power in the court and the country, and once served as the governor of Baoyi, Xuanwu, Tianxiong, Heyang and Hedong towns. What official position is the Jieduan? In today's environment, it is not easy to use as an analogy. Dear visitors, you can just understand it as the first person in the local military, government, and civil servants.
- Ask for help Khitan Attack the Later Tang
On December 15, 933, father-in-law Li Siyuan died, and the one who succeeded the throne was Shi Jingtang's brother-in-law Li Conghou . This brother-in-law is 22 years younger than Shi Jingtang. When Li Conghou was born, his father Li Siyuan was 47 years old.
When Li Conghou ascended the throne, he was just a 19-year-old young man. In front of Shi Jingtang, who was 41 years old at the time, he had no means of fighting or connections at all. But at that time, Shi Jingtang still did not show his fangs. A year later, Li Conghou died, and the one who got rid of him was his brother Li Congke . Li Congke also replaced Li Conghou and became the third emperor of the Later Tang Dynasty.
Shi Jingtang, who had been dormant for three years, secretly connected himself. In the fifth month of the lunar calendar in 936 AD, 44-year-old Shi Jingtang was transferred to the vassal state again. Shi Jingtang immediately suspected that Li Congke was suspicious of him and raised his troops to rebel. The Later Tang immediately sent troops to attack and met. Shi Jingtang was surrounded and asked for help from the Khitan. In September of the same year, the Khitan army advanced southward and defeated the Tang army.
At this time, Shi Jingtang, who was almost aware of his destiny, started his dream of emperor and it soon came true.
- committed to the elder father and called the son emperor
Who helped Shi Jingtang attack the Later Tang Dynasty? It was the Liao Dynasty Khitan , so Shi Jingtang could only be supported by the Liao Dynasty.
In the 11th month of the lunar calendar in 936 AD, Shi Jingtang was canonized by the Liao Kingdom as the Emperor of the Great Jin Dynasty. An emperor was actually to be canonized by foreign tribes. This is not a vassal relationship. After the enthronement, the Liao and Jin coalition forces, or you can also understand that the joint forces of the master-servant relationship marched towards Luoyang City, the rear Tang Dynasty. A month later, the Later Tang was defeated, and its last emperor Li Congke jumped into the sea of fire, and the Later Tang was destroyed.
With the assistance of the Khitans, Shi Jingtang seized control of the Central Plains and became the real emperor who could only think about secretly in bed. However, his attitude in front of the Khitans was disgusting.
We have laid the foreshadowing in the previous article,
Shi Jingtang was born in 892;
His father-in-law was Li Siyuan, born in 867 , the two were 25 years apart, and the real father-in-law was called "Dad";
Li Siyuan's adoptive father was Li Keyong, born in 856, are only 11 years apart. I wonder if Li Siyuan would call Li Keyong "Dad".
In addition, Li Keyong became brothers with the Khitan Yelu Abaoji .
Yelu Abaoji was born in 872 and established the Khitan Kingdom. Later, his son changed the country's name to "Liao", and he respected it as " Liao Taizu ".
Yelu Abaoji's second son Yelu Deguang , was born in 902, later became the second emperor of the Khitan Kingdom.
So to sum up, Shi Jingtang, born in 892, is one generation younger than Yelu Deguang, born in 902. In fact, Shi Jingtang called Yelu Deguang "Yafu" in the letter of the country, called himself " son emperor ", and called Yelu Deguang "Father Emperor".
The foul-famous meme has appeared since then, complementing the Southern Song Dynasty Zhao Gou's resignation to the Jin Kingdom hundreds of years later.
- contributed to Yanyun Sixteen State
As the saying goes, it is easy to ask for the gods and it is difficult to send the gods. For thousands of years, this principle is true.
Since the Khitans helped Shi Jingtang seize what he wanted, they would also ask for objects that they thought were useful. Moreover, they had agreed before sending troops that what the Khitans wanted this time was " Yanyun Sixteen Prefectures ". At the same time, this move affected the 400-year history of later generations.
First, let’s take a look at where the so-called “Sixteen Prefectures of Yanyun” are.
Youzhou : Today's urban district of Beijing
Jizhou: Today's Jizhou District of Tianjin City
Shunzhou : Today's Shunyi District of Beijing
Tanzhou : Today's Miyun District of Beijing
Ruzhou: Today, Yanqing District, Beijing,
Yingzhou : Today, Hejian City, Hebei Province,
Mozhou: Today, Renqiu City, Hebei Province,
Zhuozhou : Today, Zhuozhou City, Hebei Province,
HXinzhou: Today, Zhuolu County, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province,
号Prefecture : Huailai County, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province,
Wuzhou: Xuanhua District, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province,
Yunzhou : Datong City, Shanxi Province,
Weizhou : Wei County, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province,
Yingzhou: Ying County, Shuozhou City, Shanxi Province,
Huanzhou: Today's eastern region of Shuozhou City, Shanxi Province,
Shuozhou : Today's Shuozhou City, Shanxi Province,
Let's briefly summarize it, that is, today's Beijing, Tianjin, Zhangjiakou , Cangzhou , Datong , Shuozhou, a large area of land was all dedicated to the Khitan. Since then, the northern barrier in the Central Plains has been lost for more than 400 years. When will it be taken over to the Central Plains Dynasty? 1368, Zhu Yuanzhang sent Xu Da and Chang Yuchun to conquer yuan Dadu and then took it back.
- name2What is the name left in history?
Shi Jingtang called the Khitan people "sor", ceding the Sixteen Prefectures of Yanyun, and even his final death was related to the Khitan people.
Historical records, in 942 AD, Shi Jingtang "died in worries and anger" and lived to be 50 years old. The reason for his worries and anger was that he was questioned by the Khitan father emperor. The reason for his reprimand was that Shi Jingtang's subordinates accepted the surrender of the Tuyuhun tribe, which made his Khitan fathers unhappy.
At this point, the image of a clown who has been famous in history is about to emerge.
More than a thousand years since his death, those who have given guidance have given relatively pertinent comments on his dirty life. Let’s take a look at the clues here.
Confucian scholars in the Yuan Dynasty period Hao Jing evaluated Shi Jingtang in this way, "I have no such thing as the father in ancient times, and Shi Lang has a bad reputation until now."
By the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, historian Cai Dongfan evaluated, "Only Shi Jingtang begs for mercy on the foreign tribes, and is not ashamed to beg for the same sanction. Why not rebel? Since he has become an emperor, how can he be granted the title? Although he is forced by the Tang court, he must do things against him. However, his reputation is at stake, so how can he be sluggish!"
At this moment, Shengyu couldn't think of how to understand Shi Jingtang's behavior. With the wrath of heaven and man resentment, Shi Jingtang left his name in the biography of clowns in history.
