Before the Battle of Huaihai, in Chiang Kai-shek's office, Du Yuming insisted that Guo Rugui was a Communist because he was too incorruptible and even had patches on the sofa at home.
But it didn't come true. Not only did the complaint fail, but Chiang Kai-shek refuted it with a curse: "Is it true that our country is full of beetles, and only the Communists are honest?"
Although Chiang Kai-shek did not agree with his views, Du Yuming did not give up. , and then he kept looking for opportunities to test him. Even before his death, he was struggling with Guo Rugui's identity.
So, is Guo Rugui a communist? What is the evidence for Du Yuming’s suspicion?
abandoned medicine and joined the army instead of becoming a slave to the subjugated country
In 1907, Guo Rugui, formerly known as Guo Rugui, was born in a family of scholars in Tongliang County, Chongqing.
Since the day of birth happened to coincide with the imperial examination, Guo's father hoped that the baby would gain a good reputation in the imperial examination in the future, so he named him Guo Rugui, which means winning the laurels in the Toad Palace.
However, Guo Rugui did not develop according to the route set by his father at the beginning.
After graduating from high school in 1925, Guo Rugui hesitated between Tongji Medicine and Huangpu . Like Mr. Lu Xun, he came to the conclusion that "study medicine cannot save China", so he decided to apply for Huangpu and changed his name on the way. "Guo Rugui".
In 1926, Guo Rugui successfully entered the political department of Huangpu Military Academy and officially became Du Yuming's fifth-term student.
Although he did not catch up with Huangpu's most brilliant star, he only entered five of the first four issues, but he did catch up with the end of the first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party.
At that time, the relationship between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party was harmonious, and there were many teachers and staff with Communist backgrounds in Huangpu Military Academy, so all the students who enrolled in Huangpu at that time were given the opportunity to choose between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party.
Du Yuming, who was born in the landlord class, chose the Kuomintang because he hated "communism". Guo Rugui chose the Communist Party after reading a large number of progressive works, but was temporarily rejected by the party organization on the grounds that further investigation was needed. Guo Rugui’s application for party membership.
In the second year after Guo Rugui entered Huangpu, Chiang Kai-shek launched the "4.12 Counter-revolutionary Coup", which caused a sudden change in the situation. Guo Rugui had to graduate early, leave Huangpu Military Academy and return to Sichuan to find a job under his cousin Guo Rudong Do.
Fortunately, although the White Terror spread throughout the country, Guo Rudong's department was still relatively tolerant of the Communist Party at that time, so many Communist members of the National Army moved to Sichuan for activities.
Guo Rugui also took this opportunity to actively contact party organizations, and joined the Communist Party of China in 1928 and became a Communist Party member.
Two years after Guo Rugui joined the Communist Party of China, Chiang Kai-shek won the Central Plains War and established his leadership position in the Republic of China.
In order to consolidate and expand the foundation of his rule, Chiang Kai-shek issued "Qing Communist" orders to all parts of the country. In order to prevent Guo Rugui from being brutally murdered and implicating himself, Guo Rudong had no choice but to persuade Guo Rugui to study in Japan to temporarily avoid the turmoil.
In the winter of 1930, Guo Rugui set off to study in Japan, and her connection with the party organization was cut off.
In April 1931, Guo Rugui was admitted to the Japanese Army Non-commissioned Officer School, following the footsteps of Jiang Baili Cai E and other ancestors and studying hard for the cause of strengthening the motherland's army.
However, just half a year after Guo Rugui entered the Japanese military academy, Japan brazenly provoked the " September 18th Incident", and Guo Rugui's peaceful military academy career was suddenly interrupted.
In order to express his indignation and dissatisfaction with Japanese imperialism, Guo Rugui and other Chinese students applied to drop out of school.
Faced with the Japanese threat that once he dropped out of school, he would not be able to reinstate his student status, Guo Rugui still insisted on dropping out and vowed not to be a slave to the country's subjugation.
Fighting to the death showed his true character, and he was a literary and military figure who accomplished extraordinary feats
After angrily dropping out of school and returning to China from Japan, Guo Rugui entered the Army University to continue his studies. After
graduated from Mainland China University with first place honors, he entered the "Lushan Officer Training Corps" hosted by Chiang Kai-shek himself, and read Chiang Kai-shek's "Emperor's Disciple" brand three times.
It was precisely by relying on this brand of "Emperor's Disciple" that Guo Rugui gained a lot of favor and trust from Chiang Kai-shek, and was able to have a stage to display his talents and make his own contribution to the future liberation cause.
In May 1937, Guo Rugui served as the chief of staff of the 14th Division.
In July of the same year, the "July 7th Incident" broke out, and Japan sounded the clarion call for a full-scale invasion of China. A month later, the Battle of Songhu also kicked off.
In order to defend Nanjing and defend Greater Shanghai, Chiang Kai-shek mobilized millions of troops from all over the country to Shanghai to start a tug-of-war with the Japanese army, hoping to prevent the Japanese army from advancing all the way along the Yangtze River. Guo Rugui's 14th Division was also part of this battle sequence. middle.
After days of high-intensity combat, the commander of the 42nd Brigade, Zeng Yuehan, became frightened due to long-term mental stress and could no longer continue to perform his duties.
However, due to the intense fighting intensity and high troop casualty rate in the defense area under the jurisdiction of the 42nd Brigade, the position of commander of the 42nd Brigade naturally became a hot potato. In the end, only Guo Rugui took over the hot potato.
Faced with the critical war situation, Guo Rugui specifically adopted defense-in-depth tactics in response to Japanese tactics.
configures and deploys the troops on the front and rear fronts. Once the Japanese army broke through the first line of defense and consumed a large amount of physical ammunition, Guo Rugui devoted his reserve team, which had already been recharged and rested, to launch a counterattack against the Japanese army and drive the Japanese army out of the trenches.
Whenever the war goes against his will, Guo Rugui will step out of the bunker and go into battle in person to cheer for the soldiers.
In this way, the 42nd Brigade became an insurmountable steel barrier on the way forward for the Japanese army. By the time they withdrew from the trenches on September 19, only 2,000 of the more than 8,000 people under the 42nd Brigade were left alive.
After the Battle of Songhu, the Japanese army occupied Shanghai and advanced along the Yangtze River to attack Nanjing, the capital of the Republic of Korea, and a series of important towns. By July 1938, after breaking through Jiujiang , the Japanese army was pointing directly at Wuhan.
In order to defend Wuhan, Chen Cheng followed the advice of German consultants and decided to build a ring of fortifications around Wuhan, like a hedgehog, leaving the Japanese army nowhere to attack.
This plan seems to be guarded everywhere, and no matter where the Japanese army wants to start, they will encounter huge resistance.
However, Guo Rugui saw a fatal weakness, that is, once a node of this ring fortification was broken, all the defenders would be destroyed.
When Chen Cheng convened the generals to discuss deployment consultation opinions a few days later, Guo Rugui pointed out that the ring defense deployment plan had the risk of being surrounded and annihilated by the Japanese army, and proposed that the battlefield to defend Wuhan does not necessarily have to be in Wuhan:
The Chinese army can rely on the mountains near Wuhan and the natural dangers of the Yangtze River to carry out echelon resistance to delay and kill the Japanese army. Once the Japanese army makes a roundabout move, they can immediately evacuate and jump out of the Japanese encirclement to preserve their strength for the future resistance war.
Not long after, the Military Commission issued the "Opinions on Operations Near Wuhan", which adopted Guo Rugui's opinions and clearly stated: "If you want to secure Wuhan, you should fight far away from Wuhan. It is best to defend Wuhan instead of fighting in Wuhan. "
Under Guo Rugui's ingenious arrangement, it took the Japanese army four full months to conquer the empty city of Wuhan at the cost of huge casualties.
This battle not only retained a large amount of effective strength for the national army, but also effectively delayed the pace of the Japanese offensive, completely shattered the Japanese army's last hope of a quick victory, and dragged Japan into the bottomless abyss of a war of attrition.
After returning from the UK in 1945, Guo Rugui served as the Director of the Military Affairs Administration of the Ministry of Military Affairs and was in charge of the entire military establishment. Later, he was promoted to the Director of the Operations Department of the Ministry of National Defense in charge of the customization of combat plans.
Guo Rugui's career went smoothly under the favor of Chiang Kai-shek and Chen Cheng. Because of this, he was included in the list of the "Thirteen Civil Engineering Guards" under Chen Cheng by some jealous generals.
Skillful operation deep in the tiger's den, annihilating the Chiang family's millions of soldiers
After Japan surrendered , Guo Rugui originally expected that Chiang Kai-shek could abide by his initial promise of peaceful founding of the country and lead the Chinese people to escape the suffering of war and move towards a new future.
However, Chiang Kai-shek had made up his mind from the beginning to "fake peace and real civil war". Before Japan surrendered, he began to dispatch troops everywhere to kill our party and achieve military dictatorship.
After seeing through Chiang Kai-shek's civil war intention, Guo Rugui contacted Dong Biwu in May 1945 and proposed to leave the Kuomintang and go to Yan'an to join the revolution. However, Dong Biwu refused and said that his role in the center of the Kuomintang would be greater than that of him. It's even bigger in Yan'an.
In this way, Guo Rugui, who finally restored contact with the party organization after fifteen years, became a nail for our party in the core of the Kuomintang. During the War of Liberation,
handed over letters of top-secret information that turned the tide of the war, so that sometimes the national army's combat plan was already on the desk of our military commander before Guo Rugui submitted it to Chiang Kai-shek.
And Guo Rugui’s senior student at Huangpu, Du Yuming, was reused by Chiang Kai-shek because of his good command ability during the Anti-Japanese War.
Since 1945, Du Yuming has successively commanded the national army and our army as deputy commander-in-chief in two major battlefields in Northeast China and East China.
Since the implementation of the national military plan must obtain the approval of the Ministry of National Defense, Du Yuming and Guo Rugui spent more time dealing with each other.
When studying military plans, Du Yuming found that many combat plans signed by Chiang Kai-shek and issued by the Ministry of National Defense seemed reasonable but contained hidden risks.
The name Guo Rugui always appeared in the list of signees of these plans. Over time, Du Yuming couldn't help but become suspicious of Guo Rugui.
After conducting an investigation into Guo Rugui, Du Yuming was surprised to find that Director Guo was not only so incorruptible that he was reluctant to replace the sofa at home when there was a hole in it, but also did not like having three wives and four concubines.
It is not unusual to say that there are holes in the sofa in this house. After all, the national army generals led by Chen Cheng have always tried to pretend to be clean and honest, but although they can pretend to be poor, they can never pass the women's test, but Guo Rugui But he is extremely clean and self-sufficient in this regard.
Du Yuming, who had always been suspicious of Guo Rugui, once thought of filing a complaint against Chiang Kai-shek.
However, firstly, Du Yuming was too busy with military affairs. Secondly, as Guo Rugui was a close confidant of Chiang Kai-shek, he did not have conclusive evidence in the end. In the end, he still He gave up reporting Guo Rugui to Chiang Kai-shek.
In November 1948, our army took the initiative to kick off the Huaihai Campaign. Liu Zhi, the commander-in-chief of Xuzhou Suppression, knew that he was incompetent and handed over the battle command to Du Yuming, who had just returned from the Northeast.
After analyzing the battlefield situation, Du Yuming immediately understood that Xuzhou could not be defended to the death. However, if he directly proposed to abandon Xuzhou, Chiang Kai-shek would definitely not agree.
Therefore, in his report to Nanjing, Du Yuming adopted a compromise statement and wanted to use the name of attacking our Central Plains Field Army to escape from the enemy.
Faced with Du Yuming's wishful thinking of "secretly plotting against Chen Cang", Guo Rugui naturally couldn't let him get his wish.
So when reporting to Chiang Kai-shek, Guo Rugui kept emphasizing the importance of Xuzhou, and used Chiang Kai-shek's emphasis on Xuzhou City and the so-called "international outlook" to induce Chiang Kai-shek to hesitate and reject Du Yuming's plan.
In this way, the hundreds of thousands of troops of Du Yuming's group suffered successive defeats under Chiang Kai-shek's wrong command and were finally wiped out in a corner of Chenguanzhuang. Du Yuming also became a prisoner of our army amidst the overwhelming defeat.
After this battle, the elite field troops of the national army almost lost all their capital and no longer had the capital to compete in the Central Plains. The final victory of the Liberation War was also a foregone conclusion.
After the Huaihai Campaign, seeing that there was no suspense about the liberation of the country, Guo Rugui proposed to the party organization that he wanted to leave the Kuomintang and return to the organization.
However, the latest instruction from the party organization is to find a way to control a force. At that time, an uprising in the southwest will be launched to launch a key blow to the southwestern defense line of the national army.
After receiving instructions from the central government, Guo Rugui moved around, and finally relied on the contacts he had accumulated over the years to take over the task of rebuilding the 72nd Army and obtain the position of commander of the 72nd Army.Although
was only an ordinary commander, in order to complete the tasks assigned by the organization, Guo Rugui still recruited troops from all over the place and gathered three divisions of troops to successfully rebuild the 72nd Army and march to Sichuan.
In May 1949, Guo Rugui led his troops to the Yibin area of Sichuan. The garrison assumed the important task of connecting the "Sichuan-Shaanxi Defense Line" and the "Sichuan-Hubei Defense Line". During the period, he even planned to raid Chongqing Airport to capture Chiang Kai-shek alive when he was on the run. However, Due to various reasons this could not be achieved.
On December 10, after completing the contact with our military representatives, Guo Rugui led his troops to electrify the uprising, completely shattering Chiang Kai-shek's false plan of "Decisive Battle in Western Sichuan".
After the victory of the Liberation War, Guo Rugui first worked in Sichuan, and then went to Nanjing Military Academy to do educational work to cultivate military talents for our army.
After being pardoned from Gongdelin Prison in 1959, Du Yuming also participated in the compilation of the history of the Liberation War and served as a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. Due to work reasons, Du Yuming also had new contacts with Guo Rugui.
When the two were together after liberation, Du Yuming always asked Guo Rugui if he was a Communist at that time, but due to confidentiality reasons, Guo Rugui always smiled and said nothing.
Until 1982, when Du Yuming was dying and Guo Rugui came to visit, Du Yuming still asked him obsessively: "When did you Is it the Communist Party?"
Looking at Du Yuming's pale face, Guo Rugui said: "We just have different political opinions."
Conclusion
In 1980, the organization approved Guo Rugui to join the party again and gradually carried out the content of his underground work that year. Decrypt.
Only then did the world learn that there was such a red director in the center of the Kuomintang who had been fighting on an invisible front.
The Kuomintang authorities who retreated to Taiwan once learned of Guo Rugui's identity and once criticized Guo Rugui, saying that he was the "number one traitor" of the party and the country.
In response to these accusations, Guo Rugui stood firmly on the stand of national justice. , responded to them: "If you don't think about the interests of the nation and only talk about loyalty in vain, you are really confused!"
