Looking at the entire history of China's imperial examinations, there are two imperial examinations that are the most famous. One is the Jinshi Ranking in Jiayou's second year, which is known as the first imperial examination list in the millennium. This time, three of the eight great scholars of the Tang and Song Dynasties appeared on the Jinshi list. They are Su Shi , Su Che and Zeng Gong, in addition to thinkers Ercheng, Zhang Zai and others, as well as future prime ministers Lu Huiqing, Zeng Bu, Zhangdun, it can be said that the stars are bright.
The Ming Dynasty imperial examination
The other one is what we are talking about today, the slightly inferior Jiajing Twenty-sixth year of the Jinshi list. The Jiajing twenty-sixth year of the Jinshi list has many celebrities. These Jinshis on the list will be the middle and late Ming Dynasty in the future. It had a huge impact on politics, economy, and military affairs. It can be said that it profoundly affected the direction of the late Ming Dynasty and ranked first in the imperial examinations of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
The significance of eight-part essay selection
The imperial examination system of the Ming and Qing dynasties has always been criticized. After all, Emperor Taizu of the Ming Dynasty used eight-part essay to select scholars. , causing many students to study hard all day long, which is suspected of imprisoning students' thoughts. However, in fact, the use of eight-part essay in the Ming and Qing Dynasties to select scholars has a certain meaning. After all, the imperial examination is the only way for poor children to change their destiny. In order to allow poor children to When it comes to promotion, it is particularly important to ensure the fairness of the imperial examination.
Eight-legged essay is really difficult and requires students to study hard all day long. It is impossible to write a good article without spending more than ten years studying hard and practicing hard. However, it is impossible to pass the Jinshi examination. Compared with the children from poor families, the children of the powerful have the background to enter the officialdom. Naturally, they will not study hard for more than ten years like the children from the poor family. After all, they have their own special channels to enter the officialdom, so they have passed the imperial examination. Most of the Jinshi scholars are from poor families.
The only existing number one scholar in China, the Ming Dynasty Zhao Bingzhong Palace Exam Paper
When these poor children entered the court, they naturally became the emperor's tool to deal with these entrenched new aristocratic classes. After all, the balance in the court was what was most beneficial to the emperor. Only in this way can the stability of the imperial power be ensured. Therefore, all dynasties have attached great importance to the imperial examination. Unfortunately, because Ming Yingzong was too promiscuous, he gave away all the nobles, which resulted in the Ming Dynasty’s civil servants being dominated by one family. In the end, the scholars selected were all and Civil servants were together. This was probably something that Ming Taizu, who originally designed this structure, did not expect.
Zhu Qizhen, nicknamed Mingbaozong
In the 26th year of Jiajing's imperial examination
In the early days of Jiajing's succession, there was quite a trend of reform. In the early stage of taking office, he appointed Yang Tinghe , Zhang Cong, Xia Yan and others carried out New Deal reforms, suppressed land annexation, purged officialdom, reformed the etiquette system and imperial examinations, and reversed the decline in the Zhengde years, especially in the imperial examinations, and Zhang Congmi, the chief minister of the cabinet. Inseparable.
Jiajing Emperor
Zhang Cong raised the admission threshold for state-run schools, strictly assessed teachers, ensured teaching quality, emphasized pragmatism, and opposed nihilism style of writing. Therefore, more than half of the Jinshi admitted in the 26th year of Jiajing were in government-run schools. Learning experience, these measures also ensure the high quality of this batch of Jinshi.
Zhang Cong
From the data point of view, there are more than 300 people who passed the Jinshi exam in the 26th year of Jiajing. Among them, about 70 are named in history books. Among them, 10 were worshiped as ministers, and 3 were appointed to the cabinet to assist in government. People, especially the late Ming Dynasty literary giant Wang Shizhen and others, can be said to be shining stars.
They experienced the late Jiajing, Longqing , and Wanli early periods. They were active in various departments and fields in the Ming Dynasty, especially Zhang Juzheng 's reforms, which profoundly affected the politics, economy, military and culture of the middle and late Ming Dynasty. , also continued the national destiny of the Ming Dynasty, and of course led to party struggles in the late Ming Dynasty. Various factions fought openly and secretly in the cabinet, which lasted until the demise of the Ming Dynasty.
Famous Scholars in the Twenty-sixth Year of Jiajing
Zhang Juzheng - a reformer in the early Wanli period
Imperial Examination Ranking: 2nd and 9th place
Jinshi in the Twenty-sixth Year of Jiajing The top celebrity on the list is none other than Zhang Juzheng, the famous Prime Minister of the ages. He was smart since childhood. He was only 23 years old when he passed the Jinshi examination. He ranked second and ninth in the 26th year of Jiajing. He first entered the Hanlin Academy and was promoted to the position of second assistant. In the early years of Wanli, he served as the chief minister of the cabinet and presided over the Wanli New Deal, known in history as "Zhang Juzheng's Reform".
Zhang Juzheng
Zhang Juzheng's reform is also one of the three most famous reforms in Chinese history. It is also known as Shang Yang's Reform and Wang Anshi's Reform . It carried out a series of reforms in politics, economy, and military, and contributed to the famous Wanli ZTE , his series of reforms can be said to have been successful. Although he did not completely save the Ming Dynasty, he contributed a lot to the successful continuation of the Ming Dynasty's rule for decades.
Moreover, Zhang Juzheng was also the most powerful among the chief ministers of the Ming Dynasty. He himself said, "I am not the Prime Minister, but the Prime Minister."
Wang Shizhen - a writer and historian who has dominated the literary world for twenty years
Imperial examination ranking: 2nd, 80th place
Wang Shizhen was a famous writer and historian in the Ming Dynasty. He once served as an official in Nanjing The Minister of Justice, compared with the officialdom, his greatest achievement in life was his literary achievement. He made great achievements in poetry, calligraphy and history. He advocated learning the literary style of the prosperous Tang Dynasty and swept away the sluggish image of the literary world in the late Ming Dynasty. He proposed the "True Sentiment Theory" and opposed the "Taige style" and "Taoist style". He dominated the literary world for twenty years and was the first of the seven sons of .
Wang Shizhen
At the same time, in history, he proposed that "there is nothing between heaven and earth but history", which was an innovation in historical theory. He directly considered the academic value and social value of history from the history itself, which promoted the development of history, and he was also the " The author of the preface to "Compendium of Materia Medica" finally allowed Li Shizhen , a book that had been learned through many hardships, to be successfully published.
Yang Jisheng - the first tough guy in the Ming Dynasty and a famous remonstrator
Imperial Examination Ranking: 2nd, 11th place
Yang Ji Sheng can be said to be a famous remonstrator in the history of the Ming Dynasty. After entering politics, he kept admonishing, especially impeaching Yan Song, a powerful minister at the time, with death. "Please punish the traitors and ministers ", the scolding made Yan Song and his party frightened.
Yang Jisheng
Later Yang Jisheng was framed by Yan Song's party and imprisoned. He was tortured. At that time, Yang Jisheng's old injury relapsed. He woke up in the middle of the night, broke the porcelain bowl, and cut the carrion with his hands. The flesh was cut off and the tendons were hung with membranes, and he cut them off with his hands. The jailer holding the lamp for him was trembling, but Yang Jisheng was at ease.
Posterity commemorates Yang Jisheng
who remained upright and upright for three years in prison and was eventually killed. His unyielding integrity was regarded as an idol by later officials. Later generations converted his former residence into a temple to worship him and respected him as the City God.
Li Chunfang——Prime Minister of Taiping
Imperial Examination Ranking: The Number One Scholar
Li Chunfang was the number one scholar in the 26th year of Jiajing. In his early years He was appreciated by Emperor Jiajing for his good writing of Qingci, and he was promoted continuously, and was finally promoted to the chief minister of the cabinet in the second year of Longqing, earlier than Zhang Juzheng. He was also one of the few number one prime ministers in history. He was respectful, cautious, and never overbearing. He was well aware of the back-and-forth and intrigues in the court, so he resigned not long after he became the chief minister and went home to retire in order to have a good death.
Li Chunfang
Wang Daokun——Anti-Japanese hero and dramatist
Imperial examination ranking: third, 107th place 3
Wang Daokun was a famous dramatist and writer in the Ming Dynasty. He was smart since he was a child. He passed the Jinshi examination at the age of 26. It can be said that he was successful at a young age. Later, he became the Zuo Shilang of the Ministry of War. In the early years, he served as the deputy envoy of Fujian. At that time, he and Qi Jiguang recruited Yiwu soldiers to resist the Japanese pirates, leaving a good reputation.
Wang Daokun
Besides being in officialdom, Wang Daokun's favorite thing is opera. He is proficient in music and has a high level of opera creation, including "A Dream of Gaotang", "Five Lakes Tour", "Yuanshan Opera", "Yuanshan Opera" "Luo Shui Bei" has been handed down from generation to generation, and he is also one of the founders of the Xin'an School of Poetry, and his reputation is the same as that of Wang Shizhen.
Yin Zhengmao - a famous anti-Japanese general
Imperial Examination Ranking: Third A, 197th
After Yin Zhengmao passed the Jinshi examination, he successively served as military officer for Shizhong and Jiangxi Press He held positions such as inspectors and envoys, and was quite talented, especially in the military field. He first put down the rebellions of Wei Yinbao and Huang Chaomeng, and served as the right minister of the Ministry of War for his meritorious service. Later, as the governor of Guangxi, he oversaw the military affairs of Guangxi and Guangxi and fought against the Japanese pirates who invaded Guangdong. , stabilized the situation along the coast of Guangdong, and became the Minister of the Ministry of War and the right deputy censor of the capital.
Yin Zhengmao
However, Yin Zhengmao was not very honest as an official, but he was indeed talented and made many contributions in rectifying coastal defense, fighting against Japanese pirates, and quelling civil strife.
Song Yiwang - a Neo-Confucian in the late Ming Dynasty
Imperial Examination Ranking: Third A, 163rd
Song Yiwang was a Neo-Confucian in the Ming Dynasty. After passing the Jinshi examination, he served as magistrate of Wuxian County and other positions. , was demoted for offending Yan Song. During the Wanli period, although he was promoted to Minister of Dali Temple, he was dismissed because he offended Zhang Juzheng. Although his official career was not smooth, he was quite successful in Neo-Confucianism. He studied under Nie Bao, so he The school took and Wang Shouren as its sect. Later, Wang Shouren was enshrined in the Confucius Temple, and Song Yi played an indispensable role.
Yin Shidan - a generation of imperial masters
Imperial examination ranking: 3rd, 106th place
Yin Shidan was eager to learn since he was a child, and after passing the Jinshi examination he served as the later Emperor Longqing Zhu Zaihe's lecturer, responsible for educating him. After Emperor Longqing succeeded to the throne, he continued to serve as the emperor's teacher. Throughout the year lectured on "Ancestral Instructions", " University Extensions ", "Zhenguan Politicians" etc., won the praise of Emperor Longqing .
Yin Shidan
However, Yin Shidan was not satisfied in the officialdom. Official to Minister of Rites and Bachelor of Wenyuan Pavilion, he was later excluded and suppressed by the chief minister Gao Gong, and finally resigned and returned home. , gave lectures in his hometown, and many people came to listen to his lectures. At the same time, he was quite famous in the poetry circle.
and above are the celebrities on the imperial examination list in the 26th year of Jiajing. Of course, there are others. It can be said to be a big explosion of talents. It is worth mentioning that although the most well-known person at present is Zhang Juzheng, there are At that time, Yang Jisheng was the first to be famous in the world, especially for cutting off bad meat with pieces. This tough guy aura cannot be overstated today. What's more, the person he impeached was Yan Song, a powerful official of the dynasty. After he was killed, he was even more missed by the people. He was the first to be Serve as the city god to ensure peace.
