If you like this article, please manually click "Follow" on the upper right. Thank you for your support and encouragement, and I hope it can bring you a comfortable reading experience.
April 2, 2007 , in early spring in Beijing, in addition to the harsh cold, it is also often accompanied by strong windy weather, which makes many travelers "back off".
What is surprising is that on this day, there were people standing outside the hall of Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery in Beijing.
Thousands of people dressed in black, with white flowers on their chests, and solemn expressions lined up in an orderly manner, waiting to attend the farewell ceremony for Mao Anqing, the son of Chairman Mao.
I saw Mao Anqing's body in the hall, dressed in military uniform and covered with party flags, lying quietly in the middle of the white flowers. Countless wreaths and elegiac couplets were placed from inside the auditorium to outside the courtyard.
Accompanied by low mourning and music, the mourners, four in a row, bowed farewell to Mao Anqing's body one by one.
Standing aside, Mao Anqing’s wife Shao Hua already had red and swollen eyes and a haggard face.
She kept looking at her husband longingly, as if she wanted to say something, but when she opened her mouth, she was already sobbing.
Son Mao Xinyu was holding back tears. He held his mother tightly with one hand and pinched his own thigh with the other, using pain to cover up his inner sadness.
Sister Li Min Li Ne, sister-in-law Liu Siqi and other relatives also came to bid farewell to Mao Anqing.
"Yang Yongshou was unknown all his life, but it also showed his greatness."
Farewell Ceremony of Mao Anqing's Remains
This is what an old man who participated in the farewell ceremony of Mao Anqing said.
The strange thing is, why did he call Mao Anqing Yang Yongshou? Why did
say these meaningful words?
Next, let us walk into the special and simple life of this old revolutionary...
The tide of land reform is rushing forward, and men should bravely lead the way
In 1945, the Japanese invaders surrendered unconditionally.
In November of the same year, Keshan County, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province actively responded to the call of the central government and established people's power;
A land reform task force was established by the county working committee and the county government to transfer the military land and development land, nurseries, and nurseries that had been seized by the Japanese and puppets. Land for agricultural and livestock production will be distributed to farmers with little or no land at no cost, and land licenses will be issued to determine ownership.
Since then, Keshan County has begun a vigorous "district movement" .
In the autumn of 1947, the red leaves of thousands of trees made the Northeastern land even more red and beautiful.
The weather has started to get colder, but the members of the land reform team responsible for publicizing policies, surveying land, registering the population, etc. are still busy.
On this day, the team members received new news that comrades who had returned from studying in the Soviet Union were sent to help them carry out land reform work.
Now when Keshan County
heard the news, everyone had mixed emotions.
I am happy that with this comrade joining the work, I will definitely be able to learn from the Soviet experience and help the local land reform work to proceed better.
What worries me is that generally speaking, scholars are still a bit pretentious, and land reform work involves dealing with farmers.
In addition to the relative remoteness of the local area, it is inevitable that some fellow villagers lack education, are stubborn, and are unreasonable. I wonder whether this comrade is qualified for this job.
Not long after, Han Yu, the director of the Organization Department of Keshan County, came to the land reform office with a young man with a fair face, good looks, a coat, fashionable clothes and a high-spirited look.
At that time, Wu Jishui, a member of the work team who was on duty to sort out materials, saw the arrival of the two men and hurriedly stood up from his position.
Han Yu first introduced the young man enthusiastically:
"This is Comrade Wu Jishui from the work team. You are all young people, you can communicate more."
Then he smiled and said to Wu Jishui:
"Come on, Xiao Wu, Let me introduce to you, this is the comrade sent by the higher authorities to participate in the land reform work in Keshan. Please help him get familiar with the work."
Wu Jishui kept saying hello and wanted to reach out and shake hands with the young man.
Unexpectedly, while he was talking, the man had already walked quickly to Wu Jishui, took Wu Jishui's hand, and then introduced himself:
"I My name is Yang Yongshou. He is new here and has little experience. He still needs help from Comrade Wu and other team members in his work. "
Mao Anqing (Yang Yongshou)
Seeing this top student who had returned from studying abroad, instead of being arrogant in his speech and behavior, he was very approachable. Wu Jishui breathed a sigh of relief.
Since then, Yang Yongshou has officially become Keshan A member of the county land reform team.
However, Yang Yongshou, who had just started to participate in the land reform work, was not used to it.
Keshan County was very poor at that time, and the farmers as a whole were still struggling to make ends meet.
Members of the work team. Naturally, the living conditions are not much better.
In order to save food, the team members only eat two meals a day, a black Wotou and a bowl of wild vegetable soup.
Yang Yongshou, who has just returned from abroad, does not even have chopsticks. He is not very skilled in using it, and he is not used to it when it comes to eating.
But Yang Yongshou neither complained nor secretly tried to open a small stove. Instead, he ate a large pot of rice at regular intervals like everyone else.
In addition, due to his long-term study abroad. , His Chinese reading and writing is not very fluent, and he has problems communicating with local farmers.
Therefore, in order to facilitate his work, Yang Yongshou insists on learning Chinese reading and writing every day.
At dawn, he Tiptoeing to the foot of a nearby mountain, he read aloud the documents he had copied in advance.
He also took the initiative to chat with fellow villagers, copied and practiced calligraphy when he had time, and humbly asked the team members for help when he encountered problems that he did not understand.
It was useless. Over time, the hard-working Yang Yongshou has made great progress.
He is not only able to write the Chinese characters used in daily work, but also can communicate with everyone fluently.
is the dialect of the fellow villagers with a strong accent. Yang Yongshou can also say something.
Later, taking into account the cultural level of local farmers, Yang Yongshou also wrote a number of "Land Reform Ballads" as a means of propaganda for the land reform policy.
"The poor cannot stand up. Throw it to the ground; turn over and throw it to the ground, the landlord smiles. If we work together, loess will turn into gold; if the crops are taken care of, we will turn over again. "
These catchy ballads quickly spread among the farmers.
Everyone also gained a deeper understanding of the land reform through these ballads.
The land reform movement
Not only that, I heard that a work team will be formed for literary and artistic propaganda The team performed for farmers during the meeting.
He was versatile, especially good at playing the flute, so he immediately signed up to be a member of the literary propaganda team.
He was always thinking about what he could do for everyone
until the land reform work. After that, Yang Yongshou still chose to stay in Henan Township, Keshan County, and work together with the local farmers.
During this process, Yang Yongshou discovered that more than 30,000 farmers in Keshan County were working independently.
Only 11% of farmers have livestock and farm tools to produce independently, while the majority of farmers are short of labor, have few farm animals, and have no farm tools.
At this time, he thought of the experience of the Soviet collective farms and proposed that rural areas should adopt mechanization and cooperation. The path of self-help.
Because of his experience in studying abroad, his idea was recognized and supported by his superiors.
Then, in order to convince those who actually implemented this path, Yang Yongshou began to tell farmers about the experience and effects of Soviet collective farms, and organized Farmers adopted a cooperative and mutual-aid approach to agricultural production.
He helped farmers form a farmer mutual aid group, and exchanged jobs with three or five households to formulate production plans, which effectively solved the urgent problems of livestock power, farm tools, and seeds for spring sowing at that time.
One day in May 1948, Wang Heshou, Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee, came to Keshan County to inspect the work.
Wang Heshou
Looking at the prosperous scene in this black land, he first highly praised the land reform work in Keshan County, and then said to Yang Yongshou who accompanied him:
"Comrade Yang Yongshou, your task has been successfully completed. You can Go back. "
The next day, at the Keshan County Railway Station, everyone was saying goodbye to Yang Yongshou one by one, and many comrades shed tears of reluctance.
Yang Yongshou shook hands with everyone tightly. During the eight months here, he established a deep relationship with everyone.
At this time, Han Yu, the director of the Organization Department, suddenly walked up to him, patted his shoulder and said:
"Get in the car, come back often when you have the chance, and say hello on my behalf."
Fellow team members and fellow villagers, Suddenly they were confused and started talking:
"Isn't Comrade Yang Yongshou going back to the Soviet Union? Who do you want to say hello to?"
Watching the train go away, everyone withdrew their reluctant eyes, and Han Yu revealed the answer to everyone.
It turned out that Yang Yongshou, the young man who had lived, ate, and worked with them for more than eight months, had another name—Mao Anqing.
Mao'an Qingkeshan Memorial Hall
This identity shocked many people, and some villagers even screamed in surprise.
No one can imagine that this approachable young man has such an extraordinary status.
A wandering life in childhood. Ten years of memory of the Soviet Union.
On November 23, 1923, Mao Anqing was born in Changsha, Hunan.
He is the second son of Chairman Mao and his wife Yang Kaihui.
It was a critical moment for the domestic revolutionary movement. Shortly after Mao Anqing's full moon, Chairman Mao accepted the order from the organization and left his family to go to Shanghai to carry out the revolution.
Later, as the revolutionary situation became increasingly severe, the chairman and his wife and children spent less time together and more time away from each other.
Therefore, Mao Anqing actually did not meet his father several times when he was young.
On the contrary, because of the status of his parents as revolutionaries, the whole family often had to avoid the situation with caution and fear.
When Xiao Anqing asked where his father was, his mother would hold him and his brother Mao Anying in her arms and say seriously:
"Dad is doing a great thing. He is fighting for all the poor people." "
Xiao Anqing didn't understand what he meant. He only knew that his father was helping others and he was proud of his father.
In this way, under Yang Kaihui's gentle and enlightened guidance, Mao Anqing and her elder brother and younger brother grew up happily.
Photo of Yang Kaihui and his sons
But luck did not always favor them.
In 1930, Yang Kaihui and Mao Anying were arrested by the Kuomintang reactionaries and tortured to demand that she reveal Chairman Mao's location and party secrets.
In the end, Yang Kaihui sternly refused and was brutally killed.
Fortunately, Mao Anying was rescued through the efforts of Yang Kaihui's younger brother Yang Kaizhi and underground organizations.
Since then, Mao Anying, who is over 8 years old, and Mao Anying, who is over 7 years old, have embarked on a journey of wandering.
After the situation stabilized, for safety reasons, the three Mao Anqing brothers were quietly sent to Shanghai Datong Kindergarten by the underground party.
Datong Kindergarten was proposed by Zhou Enlai at that time.
When I thought about the mixed situation in Shanghai, I specially asked Soong Ching Ling to write an inscription to protect the orphans of the martyrs.
But not long after, due to the rebellion of our party member Gu Shunzhang to the revolution, the party organization in Shanghai was greatly damaged.
Datong Kindergarten, which is one of the contact points of the organization, also began to have frequent accidents.
first received some threatening letters, and then some childcare workers disappeared for no reason. There were even several attempts to search the kindergarten.
Faced with this situation, the organization decided to disband the kindergarten. The two brothers Mao Anying and Mao Anyqing were sent to their ex-wife for temporary care by the nursery nurse Dong Jianwu.
Mao'an Youth's little brother Mao Anlong, who was only four years old, died of tight mouth dysentery due to acclimatization.
Brothers Mao Anying and Mao Anying, who were living under the shelter of others, did not receive stable care from Dong Jianwu's ex-wife.
Because she is not very revolutionary and her thinking is relatively backward, she only takes care of the two brothers because of her meager relationship with Dong Jianwu as an ex-husband and wife.
Therefore, she didn't care about the two brothers, she just wanted to stutter so that they wouldn't starve to death.
Seeing the owner's attitude, the bullying nanny in the family often took it out on the two brothers, but Dong Jianwu's ex-wife turned a blind eye to all this.
The most outrageous thing is that once, the nanny blamed the theft on the two brothers and asked them to help her carry the bag.
The ending can be imagined, they received a good beating.
Because of this incident, Mao Anqing and his brother, who could not bear the humiliation, resolutely left here.
The two children began a wandering life in Shanghai.
They have picked up garbage, sold newspapers, and slept in parks... In Mao Anying's words:
"Apart from the fact that we did not become godsons to rich people or steal money, our other experiences were just like those of homeless people." Sanmao is the same..."
In 1935, while Mao Anqing was selling newspapers, he learned that his uncle Mao Zetan had been killed.
Thinking of his uncle's kindness to him, he was very sad and loudly cursed imperialism on the street.
Just talking about it was not enough to relieve his anger. He took out half of the chalk he picked up from his pocket and wrote the words "Down with Imperialism" on the telephone pole.
Unexpectedly, this scene happened to be seen by the Shanghai patrol police who were patrolling here.
The arrogant patrol officers punched and kicked Mao Anqing. One of the policemen even took out his electric baton and hit him on him.
Mao Anqing, who was unable to dodge, was hit in the back of the head and fainted.
After seeing the child's nose and face being beaten with a bruised face and bleeding, several patrol policemen walked away cursing.
After a long time, the companion who was selling newspapers with Mao Anying found him lying on the ground and quickly went to find Mao Anying.
By the time Mao Anying arrived, Mao Anying was already covered in blood and unconscious.
But the two children are so poor that they have trouble getting three meals a day, let alone going to the hospital.
Helpless, with the help of her companions, Mao Anying could only carefully carry her brother on her back to the ruined temple where they settled.
Fortunately, I met a kind old beggar who applied herbs to stop bleeding on Mao Anqing's wound.
Later, Mao Anying rummaged through all the pockets of his clothes, scraped together the only money he had, and ran to get medicine for his brother.
Fortunately, Mao Anqingfu was lucky. Under the careful care of his brother, he managed to save his life with two doses of medicine.
However, due to insufficient treatment, Mao Anqing still had sequelae on his head.
Mao Anying and Mao Anying
It wasn't until the summer of 1936 that the Shanghai underground party organization of the Communist Party of China found the two scrawny brothers in a ruined temple.
The organization considered the situation of the two children, and after soliciting the opinions of Chairman Mao and the two children, in early 1937, they were sent to the Soviet Union to study.
The days in the Soviet Union were another warm memory in Mao Anqing's life.
The two brothers Mao Anqing rushed to the Soviet Union and studied at the Children's Hospital in the suburbs of Moscow and the Children's Hospital in Ivanov City.
Here Mao Anqing came into contact with formal Russian education.
He showed good talent for this language, and it didn't take long for him to be able to communicate normally with the locals.
In addition to a stable life and enrichment of knowledge, the appearance of He Zizhen also brought a bright color to Mao Anqing's life.
He Zizhen is Mao Zedong's second wife and a famous female revolutionary. She came to the Soviet Union for treatment and study because she rescued the wounded who were injured by shrapnel.
She inquired about the whereabouts of the two brothers and often visited them with things.
Faced with this "stepmother", the two brothers were somewhat resistant at first, and their attitudes remained distant and polite.
But He Zizhen didn't care. She came to see them every once in a while, arrange their belongings and clean the house.
He Zizhen would also chat with them, care about their studies, and tell stories about Jinggangshan .
He Zizhen
As time passed, the two brothers also let go of their guard against He Zizhen.
Of course, the chairman often writes letters to his son, caring about the children's lives and sending them books.
His father's correspondence and He's mother's company greatly soothed the pain of Mao Anqing and their wandering together.
When the Soviet Patriotic War broke out in 1941, the two brothers, influenced by the revolution of their parents and elders, resolutely signed up to join the army.
It was only because Mao Anqing had suffered a previous brain injury that he failed to pass the physical examination.
Unable to go directly to the front line like his brother Mao Anying, he took the initiative to apply to come to the rear and work with other comrades to help with the support work of repairing trenches and transporting the wounded.
After the war, Mao Anqing returned to his studies.
In 1945, relying on his talent and hard work, he was admitted to the Moscow Institute of Oriental Languages with excellent results, majoring in Russian.
Here, he still maintains his diligent and studious spirit, often getting up early and going to bed late, studying by himself until late at night.
His hard work and seriousness also allowed him to make greater progress in Russian.
In 1947, Mao Anqing successfully graduated from the Moscow Institute of Oriental Languages.
He decided, like his brother, to return to the motherland and devote his youth.
Mao Anying and Mao Anying
In October of this year, Mao Anqing left the Soviet Union where he had lived for ten years, and returned to the motherland with He Zizhen and Li Min after a long absence.
Soon after arriving in the motherland, he joined the Communist Party of China under the introduction of Li Fuchun and Cai Chang.
then followed Chairman Mao’s wishes and participated in the land reform pilot in Keshan County, Heilongjiang.
The name Yang Yongshou is Mao Anqing’s pseudonym.
It was not until the land reform work in Keshan County was completed that Mao Anqing restored his real name and went to Beijing to reunite with his father and brother.
Father and son finally meet after many years. The sad news about his brother caused thunder
In 1949, Mao Anqing finally met his father after more than 20 years of absence.
The old father in front of me and the vague shadow of his father when he was a child gradually overlapped.
Mao Anqing couldn't help but shed tears.
Looking at his son who came to him after a long journey, Mao Zedong's eyes turned red. He hugged Mao Anqing and patted his back constantly, saying with emotion:
"He has grown into a young man, and his father can't even recognize him."
Mao Anqing wiped his tears and said:
"Dad, I'm back! We are finally reunited, and our family will always be together from now on."
Unfortunately, Mao Anqing's wish did not come true.
In 1950, Mao Anying, Mao Anqing’s elder brother, died heroically in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.
Mao Anqing couldn't accept the news at all.
He collapsed directly on the ground and murmured:
"It's impossible. Before he left, my brother said that we would go back to our hometown to add soil to our mother's grave."
Thinking of the days when the two brothers depended on each other, there was obviously no one older than him. Many brothers always use their small bodies to protect him from wind and rain.
Mao Anying wants to be a beam of light in her life, always lighting up the way forward in the darkest times.
Thinking of this, Mao Anqing cried like a child, crying but suddenly became silent.
Other comrades saw this and rushed him to the hospital.
It turns out that the sequelae of concussion caused by being homeless and beaten before have always existed, buried in his body like a landmine, and the bad news of his brother's death directly detonated this landmine.
After rescue, Mao Anqing was temporarily out of danger, but the doctor said that domestic related brain diseases have not yet reached the international level, and recommended that he go to the Soviet Union for treatment with better conditions.
Chairman Mao, who had just lost a son, was heartbroken when he saw his second son who had fallen.
In order to cure his son's disease, he decided to let his son go to the Soviet Union.
In this way, in 1953, Mao Anqing went to the Soviet Union again for treatment.
Mao Anqing's later years
During his days in the Soviet Union, Mao Anqing discovered how lonely it was to be alone in a foreign country.
Although there is organized care, Mao Anqing still misses his father and sister in the motherland very much. He longed to return to his motherland, his family, and his work.
In 1959, Sino-Soviet relations deteriorated, and the Soviet Union could not completely cure Mao Anqing’s sequelae.
At his request, the organization arranged for Mao Anqing to return to Dalian to do translation work while recuperating.
After he returned to China, his sister Li Min brought her husband to visit Mao Anqing.
She felt sad when she saw her brother becoming swollen and fat due to medication and hormones, but she didn't say anything. She just forced a smile and showed her brother the classical music album she had brought with her.
Mao Anqing seemed to be aware of it. He touched his sister's hair as softly as he did when he was a child and comforted her, saying:
"Second brother is feeling better now, Jiaojiao, I'll play the piano for you."
Looking at his brother who was playing the piano, Li Min seemed to have returned to his days in the Soviet Union.
It was the same way at that time. When my brother played the piano, my mother and brother would sit next to him and applaud him.
Nowadays, things have changed, but my brother is still so gentle.
In January 1960, the mother of sister-in-law Liu Siqi came to Dalian for recuperation.
It was also this opportunity that gave Mao Anqing another ray of light in his life.
Shao Hua
Liu Siqi’s mother learned that Mao Anqing was here, so she took her second daughter Shao Hua to Dalian Nanshan Hotel to visit Mao Anqing.
Mao Anqing and Shao Hua had known each other for a long time because of their brother and sister-in-law.
was just young at the time and didn’t have many ideas.
When they met this time, they were both surprised to find that they had similar interests and conversations.
Shao Hua later came to visit several times. The two chatted about music and literature, and they were very happy.
When Shao Hua left Dalian, the two of them were somewhat sentimental about saying goodbye, and they continued to write letters after they separated.
The buds of love gradually sprouted in the hearts of Mao Anqing and Shao Hua.
Seeing that Lang was interested in his daughter, the parents of the two families got together.
Zhang Wenqiu felt that Mao Anqing was steady and down-to-earth, and Mao Zedong was also very satisfied with this good girl who knew everything about her.
In the summer of 1960, the living room of Luda Hotel was filled with joy. 37-year-old Mao Anqing and 22-year-old Shao Hua embraced each other and entered the marriage hall.
Under the nourishment of love, Mao Anqing's mind gradually became vivid again, and his physical condition also improved.
soon devoted himself to the translation work of Marxist-Leninist works again.
Mao Anqing and his wife Shao Hua in his later years
Mao Anqing always kept his father's words firmly in mind.
"Don't be special, don't be squeamish, think about what you can do for the people."
I don't have a healthy body and can't go to the front line. I should do more on other tasks there.
Later, Mao Anqing and his wife Shao Hua co-edited the commemorative collection " We Love Shaoshan's Red Cuckoo" and the large-scale documentary literature series "China Has a Mao Zedong", and participated in the planning and production of "Yang Kaihui" and other revolutionary historical film and television works. .
Until his later years, Mao Anqing did not let go of his concern for the country.
He cares about national affairs, current political hot spots, and cross-strait reunification.
attaches great importance to patriotic education and is enthusiastic about public welfare undertakings. It has opened a number of youth patriotic education bases and has helped many out-of-school children return to school.
The greatness that has stood through the storm has gone through many vicissitudes.
In Mao Anqing's life, it seems that he did not rush to the front line, fight bloody battles, and make contributions like other revolutionaries.
But he always adhered to his revolutionary ideals and worked silently.
Some people commented on him and said:
"An Qing's life was a life of revolution, a life of serving the people, a life of dedication. He did a lot of things that others didn't know, and he worked hard. He was a hero!"
As a Mao Zedong's son never showed any arrogance because of his status. On the contrary,
has always adhered to his father's teachings and inherited the simple family tradition.
He is filial to his parents.
In his later years, he cried bitterly because he missed his mother. When he was injured and injured, he and his wife wrote a poem in memory of her mother.
To his brothers and sisters, he has great brotherly love; to his wife, he is a sweet and soulful companion.
He is a loving father to his son, teaching him gently and inheriting the revolutionary family tradition.
The theme summarizing Mao Anqing's life is the intertwining of revolution and ordinary life, adhering to simple family traditions and living an ordinary life.
References
Northeast Net " Wu Jishui was entrusted by the organization to keep Mao Anying's secret for 62 years "
[1] Wu Zhifei. The Ordinary Legend of Mao Anying[J]. Children of China, 2017(21):30-33.
[ 1] Wang Jianzhu. Seeing Shaoshan Rhododendron Red Again - Remembering Mao Anqing[J]. Party History (Documentary), 2007(08):50-52.
[1] Zong He. Mao Anqing: The Legendary Life of the Son of a Great Man[ J].Documentary, 2007(06):14-16.
