In 1920, Yunnan Army was defeated in Sichuan by Xiong Kewu, Liu Xiang and other Sichuan generals, and had to withdraw from Sichuan in embarrassment. When these Yunnan troops had nowhere to go, they had to swarm back to Yunnan. This time, it was the turn of the governor of Yunnan Tang Jiyao to be unlucky.
Tang Jiyao
During the National Defense War, Yunnan, as the first province, expanded a lot of troops. This caused a big problem, that is, insufficient military pay. Yunnan was not rich in the first place. During the Qing Dynasty , the support of the imperial court was needed to support the army, and it was impossible to support the army by itself. After the Revolution of 1911, the Yunnan army was able to expand rapidly and became the leader in the southwest, largely because Cai E took advantage of the infighting between the Sichuan Dahan military government and the Chongqing military government to extort a huge sum of money from Sichuan. payment. After the start of the national protection movement , the rapidly expanding Yunnan army could not rely on Yunnan for support, so Tang Jiyao thought of a way, that is to send the Yunnan army to Sichuan as a national protection army , and let Sichuan provide wages.
After the end of the National Defense Movement, there was a very strange phenomenon, that is, the Yunnan army in Sichuan did not decrease, but increased. This is the result of Tang Jiyao sending the Yunnan army to Sichuan to eat money. At that time, the Sichuan governor was Luo Peijin , who belonged to the generals of the Dian family and naturally had to take care of the Dian army. He also became the commander of these Dian army. Later, in the Battle of Liu Luo in Sichuan, Luo Peijin was driven out of Chengdu, but the Yunnan Army still stayed in Sichuan and did not leave, and the Sichuan Army was unable to drive out.
After the Dharma War broke out,Liu Cunhou, the Sichuan governor at that time, belonged to the line of Duan Qirui , and naturally became the target of crusade. Liu Cunhou was unable to resist, and was soon forced to flee to Hanzhong, and then another Sichuan warlord Xiong Kewu was also driven away by the Yunnan army. The Yunnan army's claim to be the king and hegemony in Sichuan caused strong dissatisfaction in Sichuan. Liu Cunhou, Xiong Kewu, Liu Xiang and others soon united and launched various Sichuan troops to attack the Yunnan army. This was the famous battle of Sichuan to drive Yunnan. At this time, the main general of the Yunnan army was no longer Luo Peijin, but two famous generals of the Yunnan army, Zhao Youxin and Gu Pinzhen .
Because the Yunnan Army has always committed all kinds of evil in Sichuan, it has caused widespread disgust among the people of Sichuan . Even if Zhao Youxin and Gu Pinzhen are in charge, the Yunnan Army is still not an opponent, and they are soon defeated and flee. Even Zhao Youxin was killed outside Luzhou City. In this case, the Yunnan Army could no longer gain a foothold in Sichuan. In addition, these Yunnan troops have been in Sichuan for a long time. It has been almost five years before and after. They all miss their hometown very much, so they returned to Yunnan under the leadership of Gu Pinzhen. For Tang Jiyao, how to arrange these Yunnan troops became a very headache.
When these Yunnan troops withdrew from Sichuan, they still owed more than 9 million yuan in military salaries, which naturally fell to Tang Jiyao. Tang Jiyao originally hoped that the Guangzhou government would be able to provide some relief, but at that time Sun Yat-sen was too busy to take care of himself, and there was no money to give to Yunnan. In desperation, Tang Jiyao had to negotiate with American businessmen to borrow 2 million yuan on the condition of allowing Americans to mine in Yunnan. After the news spread, it was immediately opposed by people from all walks of life in Yunnan, and Americans were scared to invest in Yunnan.
In addition to the military pay, the Yunnan army will be very dissatisfied with Tang Jiyao, and that is cronyism. Tang Jiyao has a cousin named Tang Jiya, who is nicknamed Tang San Blind by Jianghu people. This Tang Jiyu had been in Shanghai in the early years, but was wanted by the Shanghai authorities for selling tobacco soil, so he had to change his name and run back to Yunnan. Tang Jiyu didn't have much patience.However, Tang Jiyao was appointed as the chief of staff of the Yasukuni Allied Forces and the commander of the Kunming garrison. His status was higher than that of many veterans of the Yunnan Army, which made them extremely dissatisfied.
Li Liejun
After Gu Pinzhen returned to Yunnan, Tang Jiyao was worried that he would attack Kunming, so he appointed him as the supervisor of the east Yunnan defense, and the east area of Yunnan was used as his defense area. Tang Jiyao also said that he would raise military salaries and distribute them to the troops as soon as possible. After Gu Pinzhen received the appointment, she immediately accepted it, and called on her to declare that she had no ambitions and would not attack Kunming. Seeing that the situation in Yunnan is about to stabilize, the addition of one person makes the situation change again. This person is Li Genyuan .
Li Genyuan and Tang Jiyao can be said to be old friends. Both of them studied in Japan and joined the China Alliance . Later, they also participated in the "Chongjiu Uprising" to restore Yunnan. After Yunnan became independent, Li Gengen did not stay in Yunnan, but went to develop outside the province. In 1920, with the support of Cen Chunxuan , Li Genyuan was already the representative of the famous faction political science department in Congress, and he was very eager to take control of an army.
Originally, Li Genyuan put his idea on the Yunnan army stationed in Guangdong, but because of Li Liejun's tight control, he had no way to start. Instead, he had a conflict with Tang Jiyao and Li Liejun. In desperation, Li Genyuan had no choice but to hit the Yunnan army stationed in Sichuan, so he sent someone to incite Gu Pinzhen to expel Tang Jiyao. From Li Genyuan's point of view, even if Gu Pinzhen captured Yunnan, he would not have enough prestige to serve as the governor of Yunnan at all, so he had to choose someone else. Li Gengen once served as the general office of the Yunnan Lecture Martial Arts Hall. Gu Pinzhen's brigade commanders such as Jin Handing, Yang Ximin and others are his students, and he will definitely be invited back to Yunnan to be the military governor. Under the instigation of Li Genyuan, Gu Pinzhen also had the idea of expelling Tang Jiyao.
Coincidentally, January 29, 1921,Some of the troops under Ye Quan of the Yunnan Army mutinied in the areas of , Xundian and Yiliang because of the arrears of army salaries, and were preparing to attack Kunming. Tang Jiyao had no choice but to send his troops in Kunming to suppress it. Kunming's defense suddenly became empty, which gave Gu Pinzhen a chance. On February 7, 1921, Gu Pinzhen suddenly led an army to Kunming, and soon arrived at Yanglin, which is only more than 100 miles away from Kunming. At this time, although Tang Jiyao's army had successfully suppressed the rebellion, it was too late to return. Tang Jiyao had no troops available, so he had to send the governor of Yunnan Zhou Zhongyue to welcome Gu Pinzhen into Kunming, while he packed up and prepared to flee with his family.
On February 8, Tang Jiyao, escorted by Long Yun, the captain of the Yi Fei Army, sadly left Kunming and fled towards the southern area. On February 9, Gu Pinzhen led his troops into Kunming and assumed the post of commander-in-chief of Yunnan Province. Tang Jiyao followed the Yunnan-Vietnam railway and soon reached Mengzi . This day happened to be the first day of the Lunar New Year. Tang Jiyao could not help but feel sad when he saw that he was going to flee abroad on the first day of the new year. On the contrary, the local gentry from Mengzi specially prepared a table to entertain Tang Jiyao.
Following Tang Jiyao to Mengzi, there is also Long Yun's Yi Fei Army, which was reorganized by Tang Jiyao as the 14th regiment, with Long Yun as the head of the regiment. They all expressed their willingness to follow Tang Jiyao to counterattack Kunming. However, in front of Tang Jiyao, it is not the counterattack of Kunming, but where he should go. In Tang Jiyao's mind, he planned to go to Hong Kong for asylum through Vietnam. Although all the officers and soldiers of the 14th Regiment were willing to follow, Tang Jiyao could no longer lead them on the road. Because Vietnam is under the jurisdiction of France and Hong Kong is under the jurisdiction of the United Kingdom, foreign troops are not allowed to enter. If the 14th regiment went together, they would definitely be disarmed. Although Tang Jiyao was down and out, he couldn't bear to watch his troops be disarmed by foreigners, so he left the 14th regiment to Long Yun and let him be stationed in Mongolia. from the area.
Tang Shaoyi
The next day,Tang Jiyao hit the road again, he passed Hanoi, Vietnam, and arrived in Hong Kong. Hong Kong is not Tang Jiyao's destination, and he still yearns for his comeback. Since Tang Jiyao made his fortune in the Revolution of 1911, he has served as the governor of Guizhou and Yunnan successively. His influence is unparalleled in the southwest region. Yunnan, which he presides, has always been the most powerful faction in the southwest region. For a long time, Tang Jiyao, as the core figure of the southern faction, has been sought after by all parties, but now it is too embarrassing to be chased away by his own subordinates. Although Tang Jiyao had the intention to go to Guangzhou, the escape this time was too embarrassing, and he was too embarrassed to take the initiative to go. At this moment, a friend of his named Li Xiaochuan helped a lot.
Li Xiaochuan, like Tang Jiyao and others, are both Japanese students, and later both worked in Yunnan Jiangwutang . He has a very good relationship with Cai E, Tang Jiyao and others. During Cai E's treatment in Japan, Li Xiaochuan was one of the entourage. After Cai E died of illness, he and Jiang Baili and others escorted Cai E back to China. After that, Li Xiaochuan was appointed by Tang Jiyao as his representative in Shanghai and has been active in Shanghai. After learning that Tang Jiyao fled to Hong Kong, Li Xiaochuan also rushed to Hong Kong by boat from Shanghai.
Coincidentally, there are two people on the same boat with Li Xiaochuan, namely Wang Jingwei and Zhang Ji, both of them are Sun Yat-sen's henchmen, they are going to take a boat to Hong Kong, and then transfer to Guangzhou. The three quickly started talking on the boat. Zhang Ji thought that since Tang Jiyao had already fled, he might as well just go abroad to recuperate and save some face. Li Xiaochuan didn't see it that way. He believed that Tang Jiyao still had the strength to help the Guangzhou Protectorate Military Government to unite the southwestern provinces. Li Xiaochuan persuaded Wang Jingwei and Zhang Ji, and the three simply went to Guangzhou to visit Sun Yat-sen.
Sun Yat-sen was not willing to accept Tang Jiyao. He had been supporting Chen Jiongming in Guangdong before, but after Chen Jiongming became stronger, he began to disobey his orders.All this made Sun Yat-sen feel that the warlords were simply unreliable. As a major warlord in the southwest, Tang Jiyao was naturally not accepted by Sun Yat-sen. After hearing this, Li Xiaochuan tried to persuade him repeatedly from the perspective of uniting Yunnan to unify the southwest and then join the Northern Expedition, and finally persuaded Sun Yat-sen.
On March 4, 1921, the three presidents of the Guangdong-protected military government, Sun Yat-sen, Tang Shaoyi, and Wu Tingfang , issued a telegram together and invited Tang Jiyao to Guangzhou to discuss plans. Tang Jiyao was overjoyed when he got the news and immediately went to Guangzhou on March 9. After Tang Jiyao checked into Guangzhou Asia Hotel, he just took a short rest and went to visit Sun Yat-sen immediately. Sun Yat-sen and Tang Jiyao had not seen each other for many years. The two had a secret conversation for more than an hour, discussing everything from the general situation of the world to the domestic situation. In the end, Sun Yat-sen also told Tang Jiyao: "If you want to save China now, you must overthrow the warlords and unify the whole country. Although I am older than you, I don't understand the military and need your military skills to assist. Once the two of us join forces, we will definitely be able to. Unify China. In my heart, I hope you don't limit yourself to the number one person in Yunnan or the number one person in Southwest China. I want you to be the number one person in China in the future."
Tang Jiyao was very moved after listening Excited. Before that, he had always prided himself on being the number one person in the Southwest, and had long held the Great Yunnanism, hoping to bring the Southwest into his control. As a result, after a few years of trouble, not only did it fail, but it ended up being a piece of chicken feathers. Even Sichuan, a friend of the former national defense war, became a mortal enemy. After being driven away by Gu Pinzhen this time, he had to travel all the way to Hong Kong, and the suffering made him very uncomfortable. Under such circumstances, Sun Yat-sen also expected him to be the first person in China, how could he not be moved?
Tang Jiyao never imagined that his excitement would disappear after only one day. The next day, Tang Jiyao met with Tang Shaoyi. Tang Shaoyi specifically asked about his views on Guangzhou and his future plans. Tang Jiyao expressed his satisfaction with this trip with excitement, and complimented Sun Yat-sen during the conversation. He felt that he had met him too late, and he must follow him to unify the southwest and then carry out the northern expedition.
Guangzhou Military Government
He didn't have any excitement, just sneered: "The time you spent with Zhongshan is too short, not as long as the time I spent with him. He has always been more idealistic, thinking more, but doing very little, I I advise you to think more about it." Tang Shaoyi's remarks seemed to be a basin of cold water, and immediately drowned Tang Jiyao's excitement. He originally thought that he had reached a new world, but he just thought too much. . For a while, Tang Jiyao didn't know what to say, so he had to end the conversation in a hurry.
This afternoon, Chen Jiongming also came to visit Tang Jiyao. When the two were talking, Tang Jiyao was no longer excited, and Chen Jiongming warned him: "Don't listen to Zhongshan's nonsense, he is nicknamed Sun Dapao, and he has always been ideal rather than practical. If you really listen to him, What can he do? If he really did something, would he still give way to Yuan Shikai? Right now, your best way out is to return to Yunnan. As long as you have your own territory, you have the right to speak, which is more realistic than empty talk. Although you are now on the run, you still have loyal subordinates in Yunnan. It is very easy to go back, and I will do my best to support you."
Chen Jiongming wanted to persuade Tang Jiyao to return to Yunnan, not out of good intentions, but out of good intentions. I don't want Tang Jiyao to stay in Guangdong to fight for power with him. At this time, Guangdong still had the Dian army stationed in Guangdong. If Tang Jiyao stayed in Guangdong, it was very likely that these troops would be controlled by him. At that time, it would be difficult to say whose territory was in Guangdong. For Chen Jiongming, the best way is to let Tang Jiyao return to Yunnan by himself and not compete with himself for the status of Guangdong.
After listening to Tang Shaoyi and Chen Jiongming's words, Tang Jiyao gradually came up with the idea of returning to Yunnan. After all, his confidant team is still in Yunnan. As early as Tang Jiyao was on his way to Guangzhou, his confidant Hu Ruoyu raised the banner of the Jingnan Army in Zhaotong, Yunnan. Hu Ruoyu was the brigade commander of the elite fifth mixed brigade of the Yunnan Army and one of the basic forces under Tang Jiyao. After the banner of the Jingnan Army was erected, Li Youxun's troops stationed in southern Yunnan also joined immediately.The Jingnan Army suddenly had thousands of elite troops, so Tang Jiyao was no longer empty-handed, and he began to secretly deploy his own return plan.
Although Tang Jiyao was soon elected as the president of the Guangzhou military government, he still wanted to return to Yunnan, and the conflict between him and Sun Yat-sen gradually began to appear. At that time, the Guangdong Army stationed in Guangdong and Guangxi had two parts, one was the Yunnan Army in Guangdong led by Li Liejun, and the other was the Yunnan Army of the Jingnan Army. These two groups of troops were later transferred to Guangxi and belonged to the Northern Expedition base camp in Guilin. Originally, Sun Yat-sen wanted to appoint Tang Jiyao as the chief of staff of the base camp, but Tang Jiyao refused to accept it because he wanted to bring the Yunnan army back to Yunnan first to help him regain his position. At that time, Gu Pinzhen had also joined the Guangzhou military government, and Sun Yat-sen naturally did not want them to fight infighting. What's more, Chen Jiongming's Guangdong army has not obeyed the order, and the only troops that can be used are the Yunnan army.
In October 1921, Tang Jiyao suddenly changed his mind and expressed his willingness to assume the post of chief of staff. Not because Tang Jiyao suddenly woke up, but because he planned to control the Yunnan army in his hands, and then lead the army back to Yunnan himself. Another major obstacle to Tang Jiyao's control of the Yunnan army was Li Liejun. Li Liejun did not approve of Tang Jiyao's return to Yunnan at all. One of the important reasons was that Li Liejun himself wanted to regain the territory.
Li Liejun was originally a military governor of Jiangxi, but because of the failure of the Second Revolution, he lost his territory and had to go into exile in Europe, and did not return until the National Protection Movement. After the outbreak of the National Defense War, Li Liejun led the Yunnan Army to be stationed in Guangdong all the time, always wanting to go north and return to Jiangxi. Although Li Liejun, like Tang Jiyao, wanted to take back his own territory, one of them was in the west and the other was in the north, and they had completely different paths. The armed force that Li Liejun could rely on was also the Yunnan Army in his hands, so he was naturally reluctant to hand it over to Tang Jiyao.
Although Li Liejun was gone, Tang Jiyao still controlled Hu Ruoyu and others. He secretly ordered Hu Ruoyu, Li Youxun and Yang Yiqian to be appointed as the first, second and third of the Yasukuni Army Road Commander.Hu Ruoyu and others soon also issued a telegram, expressing their support for Tang Jiyao as the commander-in-chief of the Yasukuni coalition. Tang Jiyao himself left Guangzhou for Hong Kong, ready to return to Yunnan. After Hu Ruoyu and others were powered on, they immediately aroused suspicion from Li Liejun and others. At that time, Hu Ruoyu and Li Youxun were stationed in Liuzhou, and Yang Yiqian's 20th Mixed Brigade was stationed in Guilin. Yang Yiqian was dismissed by Li Liejun before he could move to Liuzhou.
After learning of Yang Yiqian's failure, Tang Jiyao knew that his plan had been exposed and hurried to Liuzhou. Sun Yat-sen originally sent someone to meet Tang Jiyao, but Tang Jiyao was too embarrassed to meet again, so he went straight to Liuzhou. On December 24, Tang Jiyao arrived in Liuzhou, and he soon led an army to counterattack Yunnan with the support of Chen Jiongming. Gu Pinzhen's department was not monolithic at first, and everyone expelled Tang Jiyao together only because they left Sichuan and had nowhere else to go. As soon as Tang Jiyao left, Gu Pinzhen's ministries immediately began to fight for power and profit, how could they resist Tang Jiyao.
Soon Tang Jiyao recaptured Yunnan, and Gu Pinzhen committed suicide. Although Tang Jiyao successfully returned to Yunnan, his relationship with the Guangzhou government deteriorated again. Because he took away the Yunnan army, it once again led to the failure of the Northern Expedition.
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