In the era of informationization, data is king. This is a basic common sense that is well-known. However, the digital transformation of enterprises and social data-driven governance have been proposed for many years. How to achieve cross-departmental, cross-subject and cross-industry data circulation is still an unsolved problem. Looking at the development of the data asset industry in recent years, we can see that dozens of data trading centers have been established in cities of all sizes, but the process of data assetization has not undergone earth-shaking qualitative changes expected. In the view of Zhou Chongyi of the Chinese system, the fundamental reason for the above phenomenon is that data resources have not been converted into data elements.
Recently, at the China Electronic Cloud Summit, the relevant technologies and market side of the Chinese system had in-depth exchanges with many media including CIDI.com , discussed hot issues such as data security and data factorization and marketization, and introduced in detail the data security and data factorization project plan launched by the Chinese system.
Five elements of social development
How to promote marketization of data, instead of thinking from a technical level, it is better to look at the long river of human history to find experience. Although human social development has brought about earth-shaking changes in production and distribution, the basic logic is consistent. The basic elements of social development in the farming era are land and labor (people). Entering the industrial era, two major elements of capital and technology have been added. In the current situation after entering the information age, the new element of data has been added.
Whether it is land, labor, capital or technology, it does not directly transfer or transaction of resources. Land needs to be converted into land plot usage rights after land acquisition. Labor needs to be traded by the labor individual signing a labor employment contract with the enterprise after adulthood. Capital has the risk of isolation of funds collected and converted into financial products , and technology has patent protection for scientific research results. Therefore, compared with the bottlenecks of data transactions today, the fundamental difference is that most of the time we use resource utilization for the circulation and transaction of data. There is a lack of intermediate states such as land use rights, labor rights, , financial products, and patents to decouple , and it is impossible to form factorization.
Safety and difficulty in circulation
Data resource utilization faces a basic paradox, also known as the "zero-sum dilemma", that is, the two requirements of high security and easy circulation of data are naturally incompatible, and are mutually exclusive. Once data is circulated between different departments, entities and industries, it will definitely face the problem of an exponential increase in security risks. Therefore, the biggest difficulty of the entire data security and data factorization solution is the contradiction between security and circulation. It solves security, circulation is difficult to deal with, and circulation is solved, and security faces challenges.
Zhou Chongyi believes that the way to solve this problem is not a simple technical means, but must rely on engineering planning. It is a three-pronged approach to system, technology and market. Without system, there will be no market, and without market, there will be no technology. Everything comes first. As an element, the marketization of data must not be driven by technology, but rather the system defines business models, defines the market, and the market selects the technical route.
data element and data vault
Finally, the Chinese system proposed the core of data element circulation solution - data element and data vault.
data element is the intermediate product of data resources, the intermediate product between the original data and the application, similar to land plots, labor certificates, financial products, scientific research results, patent certificates , etc. The purpose is to use it as a trading subject in the data trading market, it is an information carrier near the data source, and in the future it will also be the most basic unit of pricing, like the components of diode and transistor in electronic products, hence the name. As the smallest unit of data, we cannot directly take out the data, but must be used and circulated in the form of components. Therefore, data components have basic security attributes compared to the circulation of original data.
data factorization configuration requires three stages: resourceization, assetization and capitalization. Collecting scattered things together is called resourceization. Through data components and data middle platform, data collection can be realized, which is resourceization from the perspective of storage. However, because the core technologies of data infrastructure are basically mastered by in Western countries, there are still security risks in the flow process of data, including the risk of data leakage and the risks brought by interruption of , which requires a data vault to protect. From the perspective of European practice, Europe has built a data space through a series of data bills, which is exactly the same as the launch of data vaults in China's system, and is also for the purpose of data protection.
Finally, components are used to solve the rights confirmation issues, circulation issues, pricing issues and security issues. Then, the data vault and the data element form an isolation layer, isolate the original data in the vault, so that the data is available but invisible, and the program moves, and the program converts the original data into an intermediate state object like an element for circulation. The process of turning data into data elements is to turn the original subject ownership into the ownership of the component, and realize assetization through data elements. Only by realizing assetization can large-scale transactions be formed, and then the third step of capitalization is realized.
From resource utilization of data to factorial configuration of data, it is a transformation from technology priority to system priority. In this process, traditional product tools are no longer the core, and data governance is the core of the entire project. As a practitioner of data security and data factorization projects, the Chinese system will propose more effective solutions to data transactions, security and governance from the market, technical and theoretical systems. (Text/Xu Peiyan)
