Compared with high cost and scarce lithium-ion batteries, sodium ion batteries have many innate advantages:
1, resource advantages : The raw material of
sodium ion batteries is sodium carbonate , sodium element is rich in resources on the earth, has low mining costs, no bottlenecks in resources, and is balanced in distribution. is widely distributed around the world.
At present, the price of sodium carbonate, the raw material of sodium ion battery is only about 2,800 yuan/ton, while the raw material of lithium ion battery grade lithium carbonate, according to today's latest data, the price has reached 530,000 yuan/ton! And there is still a trend of continued upward trend, and the industry expects that it may exceed 600,000 yuan/ton in the next few months.
You should know that the price of battery-grade lithium carbonate was only 41,000 yuan/ton more than a year ago in June 2020. After only a dozen months, the price has actually increased by 13 times! !
At this stage, the price of sodium carbonate is only a fraction of the price of battery-grade lithium carbonate. The price difference between the two is very different, and the cost difference is huge.
2, cost advantage : The positive electrode material of
sodium ion battery is usually made of iron/manganese/copper and other metals, and does not contain precious metals cobalt and nickel. It is relatively cheap and has rich resource reserves.
negative electrode material can be made of anthracite as a hard carbon precursor, which is relatively low in cost. In addition, the current collector of the positive electrode and negative electrode of the sodium ion battery can use relatively cheap aluminum foil, so the cost of the sodium ion battery can be further reduced.
, while lithium-ion batteries are different. The positive electrode is aluminum foil, and the negative electrode requires the copper foil , which is more expensive than aluminum foil, so the cost of lithium-ion batteries is relatively higher.
3. Performance advantages:
A, faster charging speed : The same concentration of electrolyte , sodium ion battery has higher ion conductivity than lithium salt electrolyte, so sodium ion battery has a faster charging speed, and the charging speed of sodium ion battery is about twice that of lithium ion battery.
B, excellent low-temperature performance : In the low-temperature test, the capacity retention rate of sodium ion batteries (copper-based oxide/coal-based carbon system) can reach more than 90% when the capacity is -20℃; while lithium ion batteries ( lithium iron phosphate / graphite system) are less than 70%.
C, Safety performance advantages: In all safety project tests, no fire or combustion of sodium ion batteries were found, and the safety was better.
D, and has a higher cycle life: At this stage, the cycle life of lithium iron phosphate battery is about 3,000 times, and the cycle life of ternary lithium batteries is about 2,000 times. The sodium ion battery developed by Zhongke Hainam can achieve more than 4,500 times of . Zhongke Hainam's goal is to further increase the cycle life to more than 10,000 times.
But everything has advantages and disadvantages. The current problem with sodium ion batteries is that the energy density is still relatively low. The energy density of Shanxi Huayang Co., Ltd.'s sodium ion battery production line, which started mass production on September 30 this year, is about 150Wh/kg; while the energy density of the current mass-produced ternary lithium batteries can reach about 250-300Wh/kg.
sodium ion battery has obvious advantages and will coexist with lithium ion batteries for a long time in the future and complement each other.
sodium ion batteries need to play to their strengths and avoid weaknesses, and are suitable for applications in large-scale energy storage power stations , low-speed two-wheeled electric vehicles, etc., where energy density requirements are relatively low but high safety and cost requirements are high. #sodium ion battery##new energy#
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