Recently, the United States has increased restrictions on the domestic chip industry, forcing domestic wafer factories to accelerate the verification and introduction of domestic equipment, materials, and parts. The domestic production of the upstream link of semiconductor will continue to accelerate.
The semiconductor industry follows the industrial law of "one generation of technology, one generation of processes, and one generation of equipment". Semiconductor equipment is the bottleneck and key to continuing the industry's " Moore's Law ". precision parts of semiconductor equipment can be said to be the support of the semiconductor equipment industry and the direct guarantee of the core technology of semiconductor equipment.
Today, Feijing Investment Research will focus on introducing the semiconductor parts industry.
1. Semiconductor parts
Semiconductor parts refer to parts that meet semiconductor equipment and technical requirements in terms of materials, structure, process, quality and accuracy, reliability and stability.
Semiconductor equipment manufacturers often operate in light asset models, and most of their key core technologies need to be materialized on precision components, or implemented with precision components as carriers. The upgrade and iteration of semiconductor equipment depends largely on technological breakthroughs in precision components. Therefore, semiconductor precision components are not only one of the more difficult and technical aspects in semiconductor equipment manufacturing, but also one of the "bottleneck" links in domestic semiconductor equipment companies.
1. Semiconductor equipment parts industry chain
Semiconductor equipment parts are in an upstream position in the semiconductor industry chain, and their downstream includes semiconductor equipment manufacturers and wafer fabs.
Semiconductor equipment manufacturers will not only purchase some parts with low integration, but also purchase semiconductor equipment modules and systems integrated with parts for the production of semiconductor equipment; the parts purchased by global semiconductor manufacturers are usually used as consumables or spare parts.
2. Semiconductor parts classification
Semiconductor equipment itself has the characteristics of multiple varieties, small batches, and customized, and its precision parts also have similar characteristics, with a wide variety of subdivided types and thousands.
According to the mainstream parts division method in the industry, semiconductor parts can be divided into mechanical, electrical, mechatronics, gas/liquid/vacuum system, instrumentation, optical and other parts .
3. Market Size
In recent years, the global semiconductor equipment market scale has been expanding. According to SEMI statistics, from 2011 to 2021, the global semiconductor equipment market size increased from US$43.53 billion to US$102.64 billion, and it is expected that will grow by 414.7% year-on-year to US$117.57 billion in 2022. At the same time, the growth rate of the semiconductor equipment market in mainland in mainland China is higher than that in the global market, and its share of global semiconductor equipment market showed a significant upward trend, from US$3.65 billion in 2011 to US$29.62 billion in 2021.
In 2020, the purchase of equipment and components of China's wafer fab factory exceeded US$1 billion. does not include the domestic production lines of overseas manufacturers, and the purchase amount of domestic wafer fabs in China is about US$430 million. The equipment and components purchased by Chinese wafer fabs mainly include quartz (Quartz), radio frequency generators (RF generators), various pumps (Pumps), etc., which respectively account for ≥10% of the purchase amount of parts. In addition, the procurement proportion of various valves, suction cups, reaction chamber shower heads, edge rings and other components is also relatively high.
2. Market competition pattern
1. Overseas giants monopolize the market, and semiconductor equipment parts are low domestic production rate
2020 The top 10 leading global semiconductor parts suppliers include Zeiss ZEISS (optical lens), MKS instruments (MFC, RF power supply, vacuum products), Edwards ( vacuum pump ), Advanced Energy (radio frequency power supply), Horiba (MFC), VAT (vacuum valve parts), Ichor (modular gas delivery system and other components), Ultra Clean Tech (seal system), ASML (optical components) and EBARA (dry pump).
The overall competitive landscape of semiconductor equipment components is scattered. semiconductor parts segments are numerous, and there are differences and technical barriers between various segments. Most semiconductor equipment parts manufacturers will focus on specific processes or products, showing the characteristics of "small but fine". Therefore, overall, the competitive landscape of the entire semiconductor parts industry is relatively scattered. According to VLSI Research data, the total market share of the top ten suppliers of is about 50%.
Semiconductor equipment itself is complex in structure and has high requirements for processing accuracy, consistency and stability, resulting in cumbersome manufacturing processes and high technical difficulties. Most companies in the industry only focus on individual production processes or specific precision parts products.
has expanded horizontally through mergers and acquisitions. Currently, most of the leading suppliers in the sub-industry are Japanese and American companies. In recent years, domestic manufacturers have been catching up and have gradually realized domestic substitution in some sub-sectors.
2. Domestic semiconductor parts manufacturers
The main domestic semiconductor parts manufacturers are concentrated in the field of mechanical parts. Currently, the major domestic mechanical parts manufacturers include Fuchuang Precision, Jiangfeng Electronics , Shengong Co., Ltd., Huaya Intelligent, and Huazhuo Jingke .
Among them, Fuchuang Precision's business covers process parts, structural parts, module products and gas pipeline products; Jiangfeng Electronics focuses on process parts; Shengong Co., Ltd.'s main parts products are silicon parts; Huaya Intelligent's main products are customized precision metal structural parts; Huazhuo Precision focuses on precision motion systems. Yingjie Electric is mainly concentrated in power supply products in the semiconductor field; Hanzhong Precision Machine's vacuum products are used in both semiconductor and photovoltaic fields.
In addition to the above local companies, some companies also plan to the parts market by acquiring overseas companies. 0,000 companies have entered the field of flow control through the acquisition of Compart System; Xinlai Yingcai has expanded the field of high-end vacuum chambers and vacuum valves through the acquisition of GNB; Juguang Technology has expanded the laser optical business through the acquisition of LIMO, and Juguang Technology has recently issued an announcement to acquire COWINDST to further improve the pan-semiconductor industry chain.
3. Summary
At present, the gap between domestic semiconductor component manufacturers and overseas manufacturers is still very obvious, but the overall trend is on the rise. As the semiconductor industry continues to shift to mainland China, domestic semiconductor equipment parts manufacturers have ushered in new opportunities. In the future, after domestic semiconductor parts manufacturers consolidate product competitiveness on a single track, they will expand their business territory and are expected to reshape the performance ceiling.
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Source: Feijing Investment and Research
