"Dear, which of these lipsticks do you think looks good?"
"emm...it seems the colors are the same?"
"..."
This is probably the most common conversation between couples
is also the gentlemen
Start thinking hard about
How to restore your own cute
The standard story begins with a standard story
Many girls can accurately pick out a color from a large plate of lipsticks that match the most with today's clothes, but most boys may not be able to see the subtle differences between them. The couple also had a lot of "conflicts" as a result.
But don't get me wrong! It’s not that men don’t want to distinguish these colors, but because the world in the eyes of men and women may really be different...
Researchers once asked men and women to observe a set of reds with different shades of reds to see how many of them can be seen. It was found that most men believed that 2 to 3 of them were the same, while many women believed that they were different.
How many reds can you see?
Why are there such differences between different genders?
Outside light passes through the lens of the eyeball and is projected on the retina. After a series of nerve processing, it is transmitted to the brain, forming vision.
There are many cones on the retina . Source: Área Oftalmológica Avanzada
Our perception of color depends on three cones on the retina , some of which are more sensitive to light with longer wavelengths (L-cones), some are more sensitive to light with medium wavelengths (M-cones), and some are more sensitive to light with shorter wavelengths (S-cones).
Source: wiki
The gene encoding opsin in L- and M-cones is carried on X chromosome , so scientists believe that there may be differences in perceptions about vision between different genders.
Red-green blindness is a recessive disease with X chromosome. Given that men only have one X chromosome, the incidence of red-green blindness is much higher than that of women. About 8% of men are red-green blindness, while only 0.5% of women.
red blind and green blind are collectively called red and green blind, and are the most common types of color blind . Source: wiki, Sakurambo
In addition to the three conventional cones, some people have the fourth cones , which can see 99 million more colors than ordinary people, , and they are all female without exception.
gray represents the fourth cone-induced light band. Source: wiki
Professor Israel Abramov from Brooklyn College, Urban University, asked men and women to decompose the tones of colors, representing them as percentages containing red, yellow, blue and green. found that women are more sensitive to changes in color , and this sensitivity is more obvious in the color of the middle area of the visible light spectrum, that is, blue or green.
Source: Doghouse Diaries
Moreover, men need a slightly longer wavelength than women to see the same color , which means that the colors seen by men will be "cold", and the orange in their eyes will be yellower. The researchers believe this is also determined by the sensitivity of L-cones and M-cones.
In addition, through a study, researchers found that men pay more attention to the details of objects and how they move.
Which side does the black and white stripes move? (Image source: University of Rochester)
Scientists speculate that men are good at capturing the details of things and moving objects quickly because of the different neurodevelopment of the cerebral cortex of men and women during the embryonic period. In the area responsible for vision, men have more androgen receptors than women.
Before conducting research on visual differences, scientists have found that men and women feel differently in hearing, smell, etc. Most women have more sensitive hearing and smell than men, and are also the result of androgens during embryonic development.
In 1978, British physicist David Kemp first confirmed the existence of otoacoustic emission.This is the sound produced by the inner ear, that is, there is a mechanism in cochlea that generates mechanical energy, which can cause the osseous chain and the eardrum to vibrate, causing the air in the external auditory canal to vibrate and make sound.
The structure of the inner ear (Image source: wiki, Blausen.com staff)
Some researchers believe that exposure to a high level of androgenic environment during the embryonic period will weaken the cochlear amplifier and thus weaken the ear acoustic emission, so men will capture subtle sounds slightly weaker.
Whether it is the left or right ear, both spontaneous otoacoustic emission (SOAE) and induced otoacoustic emission (CEOAE) are stronger in women than in men. Source: Reference [7]
Since people began to study smell, scientists have found that women have a more sensitive sense of smell, and they can more accurately judge the source of the smell. Researchers believe this is because of the complex interactions between neuroendocrine and hormone levels and the olfactory system.
When women have significant changes in hormones, they will be more sensitive to certain odors, such as during menstruation, during pregnancy or after injection of estrogen. However, this difference exists between different genders in children before adolescence, so it is speculated that women have outstanding performance in smell not only controlled by later gonad hormones, but also affected by early hormones on brain development.
Whether it is vision, hearing or smell, there are differences between genders. Scientists believe that the reason can be traced back to the hunter-gathering division of labor model in ancient times.
In the original tribe, the job of men is to hunt, and they need to discover prey from a distance. It's okay if it's in the vast wilderness, but it's not easy to search for prey in the dense forest. You need to identify where the prey is through details and use your sight to lock in the fast-moving prey.
. Women's tasks are usually collecting or raising them. They have to judge whether the fruits in their hands can be eaten by color or smell, and they also have to stimulate hearing to pay attention to whether the child is crying or whether there are dangers around them.
So, next time when your boyfriend still can't tell the lipstick, let's be more considerate, they may really not be able to...
Reference
[1]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JRQyEpdW7fg
[2] https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/453704342
[3] Abramov I, Gordon J, Feldman O, et al. Sex and vision II: color appearance of monochromatic lights[J]. Biology of sex differences, 2012, 3(1): 1-15.
[4] Abramov I, Gordon J, Feldman O, et al. Sex vision I: Spatio-temporal resolution[J]. Biology of Sex Differences, 2012, 3(1): 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1186/2042-6410-3-20
[6] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otoacoustic_emission
[6] McFadden D. Masculinization of the mammalian cochlea[J]. Hearing research, 2009, 252(1-2): 37-48.
[7] Sorokowski P, Karwowski M, Misiak M, et al. Sex differences in human olfaction: a meta-analysis[J]. Frontiers in psychology, 2019, 10: 242.
[8] Doty R L, Cameron E L. Sex differences and reproductive hormone influences on human odor perception[J]. Physiology behavior, 2009, 97(2): 213-228.
END
Editor: Ke Yinfan
Proofreading: Zhang Yujing
Review: Yu Zhiguo
Source: Bring science home
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