Wang Shouren, young name Yun, word Bo'an, name Yangming, posthumous posthumous title, Wang Yangming. Wang Shouren is a master of Lu Wang Xinxue. Not only is he proficient in the three religions of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism, he is also a rare almighty Confucian who can lead the army. Photo courtesy of Visual China
"Who is Wang Yangming?" Who doesn't know
, isn't it the saint who promotes "conscience"? Isn't it the "Ming Dynasty No. 1 Brother" who is the number one leader in morality and meritorious service? Isn't it the legendary God of War who can call the wind and call the rain, and let the Japanese generals "worship only in his life"?
"I am not like this!"
clearly heard Wang Yangming's cry. Where is
a born saint? I'm just a mediocre person who is willing to work hard; where is the immortal "first"? I'm just an ordinary person of flesh and blood, more frustrated and firm, and the unity of knowledge and action; where is the invincible "God of War"? I'm just a mentor and comrade-in-arms who will learn from you and practice "Xin Xue": Why is it easy to break through the mountains, but difficult to break the heart?
We are preparing to film the TV series "Heaven, Earth and Human Heart·Wang Yangming". We are cautious and don't slap Mr. Yangming's flattery. If Mr. Yangming is regarded as a dear and lovely teacher and friend, I believe Mr. Yangming will be happy Be happy, teach sincerely, and talk about it!
Listen to the six life lessons shared by Wang Yangming through 500 years!
First class: Aspiration and sage is sacred
"Therefore, aspiration and sage are sacred, and aspiration and virtuousness are virtuous. Aspiration does not stand, like a boat without a rudder, a horse without a title, drifting and running, and finally also What's the bottom line?"
This is a sentence from Wang Yangming in "The Dogma Shows the Life of the Dragon Field". At that time, Wang Yangming was demoted to a barren land in Guizhou for his nine lives as a post inn, but he continued to teach. Whether it was a scholar or an official from the Han Miao people, Wang Yangming treated each other sincerely. Among them, the repeated teaching and exchanges around "aspiration to be a sage" often make the visitors happy and forget to return.
is too busy to take care of itself, and there is not enough food and clothing, how can there be such a thing as a sage? This is precisely Wang Yangming's extraordinary ambition, because in his heart: everyone can become a sage.
In his life, he was ridiculed and misunderstood by his own students for insisting on this "heresy" at the time.
For example, Wang Gen, a student with an extremely arrogant personality, has always dismissed this argument. After returning from a trip, Wang Yangming asked him: "What have you seen?"
Wang Gen deliberately said in an unusually surprised tone: "I saw that the streets were full of saints. "Z2z
Wang Yangming smiled slightly, and tried his best: "You see that there are saints all over the street, and the people all over the street see you as a saint."
Wang Gen smiled awkwardly: "They are all saints."
Wang Yangming nodded and said: " Yes! Everyone is a saint, no one is worse than anyone. "
Wang Yangming, although pursuing to be a sage, he opposes self-righteousness and puts "sages" on words and teaches people condescendingly-the "people" who are taught are also saints what! If you treat others as fools and fools, you must also become fools, equal and not deceived. If you carry a "sage" to give lectures to the "laity", the "laity" will be scared away. Who else can listen attentively? Who can believe and learn, and learn and do?
Wang Gen was convinced by the teacher later. To this student who is full of skepticism and does not want to get the truth, Wang Yangming, who loves talents and cherishes talent, said to the students with emotion: "Back then, when I caught the rebellious Ning Wang Zhu Chenhao, there was not even a slight fluctuation in my heart. Today But because of this person, I was moved." Another student at
wanted to "combine" the teacher. He pointed to the farmer who was pulling weeds at the door and said: "You said everyone can become a saint like Yao and Shun, do they count? "Z2z
Wang Yangming nodded calmly: "Yao Shun is nothing more than pulling weeds!"
Yes, for Wang Yangming, the purpose of being a sage is not to pursue external fame and fortune, but to discover the original conscience that is internalized in the heart. In the process, to acquire one's conscience through reading and learning, and to act in accordance with the conscience, even if it is a sage or a gentleman who pulls the weeds with nothing but integrity.
As the son of the champion, Wang Yangming has received a good Confucian education since he was a child. The difference between
and people of the time is that he did not study for the purpose of imperial examination, so he was beaten by his father. When Wang Yangming was 11 years old when he was studying in the capital, he once asked the private school teacher: "What is the first-class thing?" The private school teacher said, "Only studying is the first one." Wang Yangming did not agree.He thought that "being in the first place might not be the first thing, or studying and learning from the sages." The words of
were passed to his father, Wang Hua, and he asked: "What do you know about sages?" Xiao Wang Yangming replied: "Establishing a heart for the heaven and the earth." Those who make life for the people, continue to learn for the saints, and open peace for all ages are sages."
Wang Hua said: "This is just the dream of an idealist, how can you take it seriously! Only a sage is born in a thousand years," How can you compare?" Xiao Wang Yangming of
retorted: "Why can't you compare? Everyone is human." The
champion father was meditative and stopped laughing at his son. How can
realize "reading and learning saints"? Wang Yangming's prescription is: first resolve.
This is not a sudden epiphany.
Wang Yangming was naughty in his youth. For example, he loved playing games and used strange birds to tease his family. On the way back and forth to a private school in Beijing (that's the way home from school today), he was nostalgic for commuting to and from the streets of the city; he ran with curiosity at the age of 15 Go to horseback riding outside the Great Wall to practice archery, observe border defense; etc.
Although Wang Yangming has achieved small achievements in all aspects of "playing", he feels that this is a deviation from his aspiration to study and become a holy. He has also experienced thought fluctuations, and continues to visit friends inside and outside the book.
At this critical moment, Wang Yangming met a man who played a key role in his life-the master of science Lou Liang.
Wang Yangming was awakened by Lou Liang in the process of consulting Lou Liang-" saints must learn from" .
Looking at Wang Yangming's works, the study of the gentleman is also called the study of the sage, the study of the sage, the study of the sage or the right study, which is the study of learning as a sage or a gentleman.
wrote to his younger brother Wang Shouwen in "Shidi Lizhi Shuo", Wang Yangming proposed that "the study of husband should not precede determination" and "the study of a gentleman is no time and no place without determination."
However, it is not easy to be determined to study and learn from the sages. "It is not easy for a husband to be determined." Once
has set aspirations, it must be tempered the day after tomorrow. Confucius was not a saint when he was born, but he made himself a saint through hard work. According to Wang Yangming's opinion, everyone thinks that saints are not easy to do. Most people are afraid to do it because they are frightened by the halo of saints. Many people fail to become saints. However, Wang Yangming is determined to be a saint. Oneness, no regrets or regrets.
For example, Wang Yangming still took the imperial examination due to the pressure of his father and the confusion of his future. According to Wang Yangming, he was supposed to be the champion in high school. Maybe he was a little high-profile because of his youth, and he finally passed the champion. However, he himself didn’t care: “The world is ashamed of being incapable, and I am ashamed of being insecure.”
For example, Wang Yangming, on the road of learning to explore sages, went through the setbacks and detours of the "five drowns". Stronger.
Zhan Ruoshui is Wang Yangming’s close friend of life and death. He said that Wang Yangming was “drunk in the habit of Ren Xia first, then drowned in the habit of riding and shooting, three drowned in the habit of words, four drowned in the habit of gods, and five drowned in the habit of Buddha. Zhengde Bingyin began to return to the learning of sages".
Zhan Ruoshui pointed out that Wang Yangming's "five drowning" means "drowning", which means "drowning". One is addicted to the ranger, the second is to horse-riding and archery, the third is to indulge in the study of words and chapters, the fourth is to indulge in the Taoist fairy doctrine, and the fifth is to indulge in Buddhism.
wasted 20 years, Wang Yangming did not return to the heart of sages until he was 35 years old, that is, Yangming Xinxue, and found his mission and direction in life. It can be said that the "five drowning" journey not only did not affect his path to sanctification, but helped him complete the accumulation process, and thus he had an epiphany in the future. If "indulgence" is a kind of focus on the middle way, it is valuable, and every experience in life is a valuable asset.
In Wang Yangming's view, he has mastered the secret of sage learning, and he can achieve his goal as long as he is determined to ask. "The achievement of lifelong learning is only to be determined." The first article of
"Doctrine Shows the Life of the Dragon Field" talks about determination. In "Qiwendaotongshu", he also advocated: "Mostly, we need to have a big brain for learning, but only resolve." His poem "Remembering Farewell" also contains: "The sage can be determined before the date, but the dust is not deprived. Words and heart."
Wang Yangming took the trouble to announce his determination to his relatives and friends. In the letter "Send Zhang Shiwen", he wrote: "Learning is not determined, like a tree without roots... Since ancient times and now, there are those who have aspirations but fail to achieve them, and those who do not have no aspirations can achieve success."
In the letter of "Uncle Ke Chang", he is both an uncle andHis disciple Wang Kezhang said: "Learning is based on determination." He also especially warned: This is the new way of learning he has recently realized, and we must stick to it. Many of Wang Yangming's disciples were deeply influenced and eventually achieved success. For example, Wang Yangming advised Guo Qing, a student who followed him for three years in school, to compare a gentleman as a scholar to a farmer growing crops. Choosing high-quality seeds in spring is like setting up good ambitions at the beginning of learning; in summer, farmers carefully irrigate, weeding in time, and guard the growth of seeds. Therefore, they must continue to reflect and revise themselves in learning until they determine the correct ambition; farmers experience wind After a year of hard work in the sun, and finally waiting for the crops to mature, just as we uphold our true ambitions and persevere in studying diligently, we will naturally gain. Set up the right ambition, don't hesitate to doubt, just work hard for it.
After returning to his hometown, Guo Qing worked hard to teach himself and abide by his principles and aspirations, and became the magistrate of Qingping County, Shandong. Because of his integrity, diligence and love for the people, he is deeply supported by the people.
Wang Yangming once said: "Those who seek the learning of the saints but fail to succeed will never stand up to their aspirations!" "If there is no aspiration, there is nothing in the world." Z2z
is replaced by today's words, is determined to first establish ideals and The goal is to determine beliefs and beliefs.
Wang Yangming said in response to a question from a scholar of the Ministry of Etiquette for teaching, that learning is worthy of praise, but learning is more expensive than Tao. Shang Shu suddenly realized that he sighed that it was too late to learn Taoism. Wang Yangming smiled and said, "It's not easy? It takes a long time for a public servant to teach." Wang Yangming cited the example of a predecessor Wugong who was more than 90 years old and gave a command to the whole country. With only half of Wu Gong, his achievements can be doubled, and everything is in time.
Coincidentally, in Wang Yangming's "From My Dao Ren Ji", it is recorded that the 68-year-old famous scholar Dong Luoshi, who is much older than him, came to apprentice and was rejected by Wang Yangming several times. This old gentleman was unswerving and brought him again after a while With the silk silk woven by my wife, I sincerely asked for advice: "This is what my old wife is woven. My sincerity is accumulated, if this is the thread. The master promises me?" Then he simply worshipped as a teacher, Wang Yangming." If you don't get a solid resignation, Xu Zhiyi is between teachers and friends."
Hearing the road, death can be done at night! Determined not to be at age, is there any kind of saint? Wang Yangming put it more thoroughly in "Shidi Lizhishuo": "The great troubles of later generations, especially those who have no ambitions, are now based on determination. The words and sentences in the middle are not determined. The merits of lifelong learning are only determined. "Z2z
This is the cultural confidence that everyone can have the same as Wang Yangming.
(Note: This article is not an academic paper. Respect the original meaning of the classics and refer to related research results, and some ancient texts have been transformed into popular vernacular. Please criticize and correct if it is inappropriate.)
"Wang Yangming's six life lessons"
will pass 6 article released in stages,
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┃ source: China Youth Daily (2020-09-0105 Version)
┃ original title: "Wang's six life lessons"
┃ author: Kun
┃ Editor in charge: Zhang Qiyun
┃ Review: Zeng Fanhua
┃Review: Wang Hai
