Test point 1: Constrained space job
1. License management
Constrained space jobs should apply for a constrained space job license. The restricted space operation permit is handled by the operating unit and approved by the unit where the restricted space is located. The maximum operating time limit should not exceed 24 hours. If special operating conditions exceed the time limit, the operation extension procedures should be completed.
2. Safety measures for restricted space operations
(1) Before operation, the confined space should be safely isolated. The requirements are as follows:
① Pipes connected to the confined space that may endanger safety operations should be isolated by inserting blind board or removing a section of pipelines.
② Holes and holes that may endanger safety operations that are connected to confined spaces should be strictly sealed and blocked.
③The electrical equipment in the confined space should stop operation and effectively cut off the power supply. Lock the power switch and hang a warning sign.
(2) Before the operation, the confined space should be cleaned or replaced according to the characteristics of the materials contained in the confined space, and meet the following requirements.
① The oxygen content is 18%-21%. In the oxygen-rich environment, it should not be larger than at 23.5%.
②The concentration of toxic gases (matter) and the concentration of combustible gases comply with relevant regulations.
(3) The air circulation in the confined space should be maintained well. The following measures can be taken:
① Open human holes, sub-holes, material holes, dampers, smoke doors and other facilities that are connected to the atmosphere for natural ventilation.
② If necessary, forced ventilation of the fan or pipeline air should be used. Before the pipeline is supplied, the media and air source in the pipeline should be analyzed (4) The gas concentration in the confined space should be strictly monitored. Monitoring requirements:
① 30min before operation should be performed on the confined space, and you can enter after passing the analysis. If the on-site conditions do not allow, the time can be relaxed appropriately, but it should not exceed 60min.
② Monitoring points should be representative, with a large volume confined space, and the upper, middle and lower parts should be monitored and analyzed.
③Analytical instruments should be within the validity period of calibration and should be ensured to be in normal working state before use.
④ Monitoring personnel should take personal protective measures that comply with regulations when conducting monitoring in depth or invade confined space.
⑤ Monitoring should be carried out regularly during operations, at least once every 2h. If the monitoring and analysis results change significantly, the operation should be stopped immediately, evacuated personnel, and handled the site. Only after the analysis is qualified can the operation be resumed.
⑥ For confined spaces that may release harmful substances, they should be continuously monitored. If the situation is abnormal, the operation should be stopped immediately, the personnel should be evacuated, and the site should be processed. Only after the analysis is passed can the operation be resumed. When applying paint with volatile solvents, continuous analysis should be carried out and forced ventilation measures should be taken.
⑧ When the job interrupt time exceeds 60min, the analysis should be performed again.
(5) When entering a restricted space, the following corresponding protective measures should be taken:
① If a confined space is deficient or toxic, it still fails to meet the safety requirements after cleaning or replacement, an isolated respirator should be worn, and if necessary, life rope should be tied.
② If the flammable and explosive restricted space still fails to meet the safety requirements after cleaning or replacement, anti-static work clothes and anti-static work shoes should be worn, and explosion-proof low-voltage lamps and explosion-proof tools should be used.
(6) The lighting and electricity safety requirements are as follows:
① The lighting voltage in a confined space should be less than or equal to 36V, and the working voltage in humid and narrow containers should be less than or equal to 12V.
② In a humid container, the operator should stand on the insulating plate to ensure reliable grounding of the metal container.
(7) The requirements for operation monitoring are as follows:
① There should be a dedicated person outside the confined space, and the guardian should not leave during operation.
②When operating in confined spaces with high risks, guardians should be added and contacted with confined space workers at any time.
③ Safety warning signs should be set outside the confined space to keep the entrance and exit unobstructed.
(8) Other requirements that should be met are as follows:
a) The confined space is equipped with air respirators (oxygen respirators), fire equipment and clean water and other corresponding emergency supplies;
b) Before and after the operation, the operators and the operation tools ;
c) After the operation, the unit where the confined space is located and the operating unit jointly check the inside and outside of the confined space. Only after confirming that there is no problem can the confined space be closed.
Test point 2: High-level work
(I) High-level work
Work at a high-level work
Work at a height that may fall 2m or more from the fall reference plane.
(II) High-altitude operations are classified into Level I, Level II, Level III and Level IV High-altitude operations. When the height of the
job is 2m≤h≤5m, it is called a level I high-level job. When the height of
is 5mh≤15m , it is called a level II high-level operation. When the height of the
job is 15mh≤30, it is called a level III high-level job. When the job height of
is h30m , it is called a level IV high-level job.
(III) High-altitude operation management requirements
1. Job certificate management
The person in charge of the operation should apply to the approval unit according to the grading and category of high-altitude operation and apply for a high-altitude safety operation certificate.
2. Safety requirements and protection for high-altitude operations
(1) Operators should wear seat belts that meet the requirements correctly. Insulating tools or wearing pressure uniforming garments when working at high places with live.
(2) Working at high places should be provided with dedicated personnel to supervise, and workers should not rest at the workplace.
(3) Working on light materials such as color steel plate roof, asbestos tiles, tile edge plates, etc., firm scaffolding boards should be laid and fixed, and anti-slip measures should be taken on the scaffolding boards.
(4) When operating in places such as venting pipelines or chimneys that emit toxic and harmful gases and dust, you should contact the relevant personnel in the workplace in advance and determine the contact information, and equip the personnel with necessary protective equipment that meets relevant national standards (such as air respirators, filtered gas masks or masks, etc.).
(5) When operating on rainy and snowy days, reliable anti-slip and cold-proof measures should be taken; in case of harsh climates such as strong winds and thick fog above level 5, high-altitude operations, open-air climbing and hanging high-altitude operations should not be carried out; after blizzards, typhoons , and heavy rain, the operation safety facilities should be inspected and problems should be dealt with immediately.
(6) Tools, materials, parts, etc. used for operation should be loaded into tool bags. When up and down, objects should not be held in your hands, and tools, materials and other items should not be thrown. When tools and materials that are easy to slide and roll are stacked on the feet, anti-fall measures should be taken.
(7) When crossing with other jobs , you should follow the specified route and do not work vertically up and down. If you really need vertical jobs, you should take reliable isolation measures.
(8) When temporarily dismantling or changing safety protection facilities due to operational necessities, the approval of the operation approval personnel shall be approved and corresponding protective measures shall be taken, and the operation shall be restored immediately after operation.
(9) If an abnormal situation is found during the operation, the operator should send out a signal in time and quickly evacuate the site.
(10) When removing scaffolding and protective sheds, a warning area should be set up and a dedicated person should be assigned to supervise it. The upper and lower parts should not be constructed at the same time.
Test point 3: Blind board plugging and blocking operations
1. Homework certificate management
Blind board plugging operations implement the management method of one blind board and one homework certificate.
blind board and block safety operation certificate shall be filled in by the production workshop (branch) and shall be reviewed or signed by the blind board and block safety operation unit, and approved by the unit's production department.
2. Safety requirements for blind board extraction and blocking operations
(1) Production workshop (branch) The blind board position map should be drawn in advance, the blind boards should be numbered uniformly, and a dedicated person should be appointed to direct the operations.
(2) Blind plates and gaskets that meet the design and manufacturing requirements should be selected according to the properties, temperature, pressure and diameter of the pipe flange sealing surface of the corresponding materials, strength, diameter and
.
(3) The operating unit should perform blind plate extraction and blocking operations according to the diagram, and set up signs for each blind plate to identify.
(4) During operation, the pressure at the work point should be reduced to normal pressure, and a dedicated person should be provided to supervise it.
(5) When performing blind plate plugging and blocking operations in flammable and explosive places, the operator should wear anti-static work clothes and work shoes, and should use explosion-proof lamps and
and explosion-proof tools; no fire operation should be carried out within 30m from the blind plate plugging and blocking operation location.
(6) Two or more blind plate plugging operations should not be carried out simultaneously on the same pipeline.
(7) The blind plate plugging operation is completed and will be confirmed by a dedicated person from the operating unit and production workshop (branch).
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