I think this is already a problem that most consumers who want to buy a car have to face. In the past, when there were no new energy vehicles, the focus of everyone when buying a car was nothing more than fuel consumption, car maintenance costs and reliability. But now it seems t

However, there are still many consumers who do not understand and do not recognize new energy vehicles, thinking that they are still assembly line products that cheat subsidies. Then we will take the development history of BYD's new energy vehicles as an example to understand the difficult history of the development of new energy vehicles. , and why our country spares no effort to develop new energy vehicles.

The development of new energy in our country begins with a letter from Qian Xuesen In 1992, Qian Xuesen wrote a letter to Vice Premier Zou Jiahua. The content of the letter was about the various advantages of "Amway" new energy vehicles, as top-level Scientist, Qian Xuesen has clearly seen that my country's automobile development will inevitably grow explosively in the future. Based on the background of that era, Qian Xuesen predicted that the number of automobiles in my country will exceed 10 million in the 20s. In fact, Qian Xuesen thought it was very important at the time. A radical view is still too conservative. In 2020, the number of cars in my country has exceeded 340 million.

And my country is a traditional oil-poor country and does not even have crude oil reserves to support 30 days. In 2019, my country’s crude oil imports reached 510 million tons, while my country’s crude oil production that year was 191 million tons, and 72% of the crude oil consumed was dependent on Imported, and about 60% of crude oil is refined into gasoline and burned by 340 million cars. This also deeply affects our country's energy security, so our country must vigorously develop new energy vehicles.

Of course, this also includes the country’s determination to get rid of the current situation where automobile technology is always lagging behind foreign countries. As an emerging field, new energy vehicles are very likely to overtake in corners.

And in 2002, a Chinese battery company called BYD Co. was listed on Hong Kong stock . In this year, Elon Musk had just sold his mobile payment company Paypal for US$165 million and took out He spent $6.3 million to become the chairman of Tesla, a high-end electric sports car company.

In 2003, BYD, which holds 40% of the world's nickel-cadmium battery share, made a bold decision to cross-industry into the power battery field from the electronic product battery field at that time. The founder of this company, Wang Chuanfu, planned to introduce its self-developed lithium iron phosphate battery to cars. However, at that time, China was still dominated by joint venture cars. Even if global new energy vehicles began to be deployed, joint ventures with extremely high vision would not consider one. Power batteries provided by electronic product battery manufacturers.

In desperation, Wang Chuanfu acquired the Beijing Jeep Mold Factory, took over Xi'an Qinchuan Automobile Company, and began to build his own cars. In 2005, the fuel vehicle BYD F3 was successfully launched and achieved very good results. In 2006, equipped with lithium phosphate The iron battery new energy vehicle F3 e was successfully developed.

The development of new energy vehicles in 2006 was too advanced for my country's automotive industry. You must know that the Santana 3000 had just been launched two years ago. You can imagine what difficulties the F3 e will encounter, and it has not even been successful in the market.

However, BYD's bold move attracted the attention of Li Lu, the founder of Himalaya Partners Fund. Li Lu made a lot of money by investing in BYD, which had just gone public in 2002, and through Li Lu's American connections, the stock god Buffett knew about it. When the global economic crisis hit in 2008, Buffett invested US$230 million to buy 10% of BYD's shares. This move broke Buffett's ironclad habit of never investing in companies with wheels (cars, airplanes, aviation). It also sends a signal to the world that the era of new energy vehicles is coming.

In 2009, BAIC Group was established BAIC New Energy . In 2010, new energy vehicles were featured in the Two Sessions Government Work Report for the first time. In 2011, CATL was established and became the first batch of battery suppliers for BAIC New Energy. , The subsidy policy was introduced in 2013. Stimulated by subsidies, the number of new energy vehicles increased from 36,000 in 2013 to 602,000 by the end of 2016.

At this point, new energy vehicles began to truly become competitive. Of course, it was also in 2016 that "cheating and subsidizing" appeared in the public eye. The public's distrust of new energy vehicles was infinitely amplified after this incident, and eventually many companies Car companies have canceled their production qualifications, and hundreds of models have been investigated and punished.

New energy vehicles are moving towards a deeper level of technology

2016 can be said to be a watershed for the field of new energy vehicles. After the "security fraud", a large number of excellent domestic new energy vehicle companies have emerged. In terms of hybrid models, BYD DM-i super hybrid technology allows us to see what is called the "technological precipitation" of traditional major manufacturers.

Early new energy vehicles were mainly extended-range hybrid models. Simply put, the power system of this new energy vehicle includes a fuel engine and an electric motor . However, the fuel engine does not directly drive the car, but specifically drives the generator. The battery is charged and the entire vehicle is driven by an electric motor, so the fuel engine is also vividly called a "range extender". For example, the Ideal ONE still uses this technology.

But BYD DM-i is different. Based on the original technology of the extended-range hybrid, a set of clutches and reduction gears are added, which allows the fuel engine to directly drive the wheels when the vehicle is traveling at high speeds. At other vehicle speeds, the fuel engine still acts as a " Range Extender".

This technology seems simple, but it is the result of hundreds of BYD patents, because DM-i technology is BYD's re-creation of the first-generation DM technology launched in 2008. Because DM-i technology uses There is a secondary conversion of energy in series hybrid, so the thermal efficiency requirements of the engine are very high. In 2008, it was difficult to achieve this requirement in terms of engine technology and materials. Therefore, after the launch of the first generation DM technology, BYD left Dual-engine DM route with P3 structure.

BYD has done a lot of research and development on the engine used in DM-i technology. The thermal efficiency of this engine has reached 43%. In order to obtain such high thermal efficiency, the compression ratio of the engine has reached 15.5. For a fuel vehicle If the compression ratio exceeds 11.6, you need to add No. 98 gasoline, because the higher the compression ratio, the higher the anti-knock performance requirements of the gasoline. DM-i still uses No. 92 gasoline, which also solves the problem of heat dissipation under the high thermal efficiency of the engine. question.

BYD is at the forefront in the field of hybrid vehicles with its own technology and has basically no rivals. In the field of pure electric vehicles, domestic new energy vehicles are really blooming.The problem that

pure electric new energy vehicles solve is how to improve battery performance and place more batteries in a limited space. In the early days of power batteries, cells were integrated into small modules, and then the small modules were concentrated into In the battery pack (Pack), the battery is safe with such a design, but there is not much space left for the battery cells. Therefore, before substantial progress is made in the battery technology, how to stuff more cells into the limited space becomes a problem. This is the key to improving the battery life of pure electric vehicles.

So CATL developed "CTP technology", which means eliminating small modules and directly integrating batteries into battery packs. This is also the current mainstream technology. After that, "CTC technology" that directly eliminated battery packs appeared. On the basis of "CTC technology", BYD used the very safe blade battery to develop "CTB technology". The direction is standing on the shoulders of giants, but the difference is that the battery is no longer protected. Instead, the object becomes a force-bearing part of the vehicle, participating in energy absorption and other functions in the event of a collision.

New energy vehicles going global

It seems that my country’s new energy vehicles’ goal of “overtaking on corners” in the world’s automobile industry has been very successful. my country’s new energy vehicles have also begun to gradually rely on their own patented technologies to open up new markets. foreign market.

In March this year, Bahamas news that BYD Tang EV was used to receive members of the British royal family caused a lot of heated discussion in my country's automobile circle, such as the reception of British Prince William Windsor and Princess Kate Middleton The reception etiquette of the highest standards and the choice of VIP cars must be carefully considered, but the Bahamas government used BYD Tang EV, which is very well-known in the field of clean energy, which fully demonstrates that my country's new energy vehicles have begun to go abroad.

Prior to this, local time on December 21, 2021, BYD Tang EV had delivered 1,000 units in Norway . The price of this car in Norway is as high as 410,000 yuan. The price in Norway is higher than the domestic starting price. It is about 130,000 yuan higher, and the Norwegian winter is a great test for the battery of pure electric vehicles. However, the NEDC range of BYD Tang EV in Norway is still more than 500 kilometers, and after Tang EV, Han EV has also landed on the Norwegian market. .

We are very familiar with the positioning of Han EV, but this is not the case for a Han EV in Brazil . The one launched in Brazil is a four-wheel drive flagship model, priced at about RMB 724,000, and this version The domestic price is around 280,000, which is already within the threshold of traditional luxury cars such as the , Porsche, and , and there is no need to worry about sales.

At present, BYD's pure electric vehicles have been exported to more than a dozen countries around the world. Under the multi-party layout, they have also become a microcosm of China's new energy vehicles going global.