[Book of Changes] Escape Gua-the enemy advances and we retreat, the enemy garrisons us, the enemy is tired and we beat, the enemy retreats and we chase

【Original】 Escape: Heng. Xiao Lizhen.

【Translation】 Hexagram Escaping: Mastery. Ask the small advantage.

【Notes】 Escape, hexagram name. This hexagram is a stack of different hexagrams (Genxia Qianshang). The upper hexagram is stem, and the stem is heaven; the lower hexagram is Gen, and Gen is mountain. There are mountains in the world and mountains in the sky. It is the ideal state for wise men and gentlemen to get rid of shackles, avoid disasters, hang crowns, and retreat into mountains and forests. So the hexagram name says escape. Yun, "Shuowen": "Escape, escape."

[Original] "Liu" says: "Yun", "Heng", escape and prosper. Just in time, and in line with the times. "Xiao Lizhen", soaked and long. The time of escape was great.

【Translation】 "彖Ci" says: "Hang" and "Heng", which means that if you retire, you will get through. The nine-two yang line is rigid, the outer hexagram is in the middle position, and the six-two yin line is soft, the inner hexagram is in the middle position, like a villain entrenched in the inside, full of ambition; The situation created by the times. A gentleman's retreat is good for himself but not good for national affairs. The momentum of the villain gradually increases, and when the gentleman retires in time, it is of great significance.

[Notes] Just take the position, the nine five yang lines in this hexagram are rigid, and they are in the middle of the outer hexagram (the outer hexagram is the upper hexagram), which is the just reign. Six-two yin lines are soft, occupying the middle position of the inner hexagram (the inner hexagram is the lower hexagram), and the same line is rigid and soft. Like a gentleman in the opposition, while the villain is facing, tit-for-tat, fierce struggle. Dip and grow, this is based on the sixth and second Yaoxiang. In the sixth year of the sixth year, the Yin line is promoted to one, and it is in the second line, which gradually grows like a feminine force. Mr. Sha Shaohai said: "The word "soft" should be in the immersion, and the cover is wrongly transcribed. The immersion, the training is gradually."

[Original] "Xiang" said: There are mountains under the world, escape. The gentleman is far from the villain, not evil but strict.

[Translation] "Xiang Ci" says: The upper hexagram of this hexagram is stem, the stem is the sky, the lower hexagram is the Gen, the Gen is the mountain, the world has mountains, and the sky is far away. It is the hexagram of the escape hexagram. The gentleman observes this hexagram, so instead of dealing with the villain by repaying the evil, he adopts a strict attitude, hangs on the crown, retreats and stays away from the villain.

【Original】

Sixth day: Escape, Li. Don't use it.

"Xiang" said: If you escape from the tail, do you not go to any disaster?

[Translation]

Sixth day: all gentlemen retired,The country is in danger. Can't make a difference anymore.

"Xiangci" said: If you can keep on fighting hard and try to win, what disaster will there be if you escape from hiding and hide?

[Notes]

at the end, "Dialect" twelve: "End, do it." "Xiangci" interprets "tail" as micro, meaning hidden and hidden. There is a discrepancy with Jingyi.

【Original】

Sixty-two: Use the scalper's leather to hold on, Mo Zhisheng said.

"Xiang" says: If you hold on to the scalper, you will be able to keep your mind.

【Translation】

62: Grab it and tie it tightly with ox leather rope, so that it can't be released.

"Xiang Ci" said: Bundled with ox leather rope, which means strong will.

【Notes】

wins, yes, possible. Said, read as off. Mo Zhisheng said, still saying that nothing can be liberated.

【Original】

Nine-three: The line is escaping, sick, severe. Animal concubine, Kyrgyzstan.

"Xiang" says: It's easy to escape, severe, and tired. Livestock concubine, good luck, don't be a big deal.

【Translation】

93: Being dragged down and unable to retreat is like being seriously ill, and the situation is dangerous. In this case, it may be beneficial to keep slaves.

The "Xiangci" said: The danger caused by being dragged down and unable to retreat resolutely is like being exhausted by a disease. Therefore, it is good to keep a slave and maidservant, which means to temporarily recover from illness and heal the wound, and not to act rashly.

【Notes】

system, restrain system, drag. The line escaped, still saying that he was dragged down and couldn't retire.

【Original】

Nine-four: Good escape, gentleman lucky, villain not.

"Xiang" said: The gentleman is easy to escape, but the villain is not.

【Translation】

94: Love to live in seclusion. This is auspicious for gentlemen, but not necessarily for villains.

"Xiangci" says: Gentlemen don't take profit as their heart, but love to live in seclusion; villains take profit as their heart and are unwilling to retreat.

【Notes】

is good, read like a hobby.

【Original】

Ninth Five: Jia Dun, Zhen Ji.

"Xiang" said: Jiayun, Zhenji, and Zhengzhi.

【Translation】

Ninth Five: Time to retreat, worthy of praise, ask about the future, pass Taijili.

"Xiangci" said: When retiring, it is worthy of praise; following the right way, so auspicious, because he has integrity and noble morals.

【Original】

Top Nine: Fat escape, no disadvantage.

"Xiang" said: Fat escape, no disadvantage, no doubt.

【Translation】

Top Nine: Go far and fly high, retreat to the forest, no disadvantage.

"Xiangci" said: The last nine lines of speech talk about flying far away, retreating to the mountains and forests, no disadvantages, indicating that the people are good at the situation and the rapids retreat bravely.

【Notes】

Fertilizer, Mr. Sha Shaohai said: “Fat, should be borrowed for flying, and the ancient version also flies. Fertilizer escapes, it is still said to fly high and retreat to the mountains and forests. "Huainanzi·Teacher's Taoism":'Escape Can fly, Jimo Dayan." "The Book of the Later Han · Zhang Heng Biography": "Li Fei escaped to preserve the name." All show the same meaning."

escape, originally called Xie, a variant character, meaning escape, hidden, Retreat. It is precisely this kind of political strategy that is characterized by retreat and hiding. It reminds the gentleman to temporarily retreat in the feudal political environment where the villain is gradually gaining advantage. The six lines in the hexagram represent different situations in which a gentleman adapts to time conditions and flexibly uses avoidance strategies. There are two main types of this: one is "obscure", leaving the political arena; the other is "hiding a low profile", not showing up in politics. Regardless of whether it is "obscure" or "hidden light", it is to wait for the opportunity to reverse the situation. Obviously, the "evasion" mentioned in the hexagram of Dun is very different from the Taoist escape from the world and the birth of Buddhism.

[Example 1] At the beginning of the Anshi Rebellion in the Tang Dynasty, the Anlushan army was invincible. Even Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang rushed to the west in panic, and countless other officials ran around. However, Zhang Xun insisted on using the scalper to guard Suiyang, insisting on the moral and righteousness of being a courtier rather than retreating, and swearing allegiance to the Tang Dynasty. Suiyang City was eventually destroyed by the rebellion, but under Zhang Xun’s stubborn resistance, the southeastern half of the Tang Dynasty was protected from the ravages of the rebellion.The North-South Grand Canal was also able to travel unimpeded, so the southern material resources continued to support the government forces in the north, and finally put down the rebellion.

[Example 2] Liu Bowen, the founding minister of the Ming Dynasty, was admitted to the Jinshi in the last years of the Yuan Dynasty and was promoted to the county official, but soon felt political corruption and villainous rampage, so he dismissed his office and returned to his hometown to live in seclusion. Rich Lida was originally favored by human favors, but Liu Bowen was able to get rid of the temptation of selfish desires, act according to righteousness, and retreat resolutely, not only to avoid the disputes between the eunuchs, but also to meet Zhu Yuanzhang later to help him overthrow the violent Yuanshi and save the people. In the water and fire. This is exactly what Yaoci said, "Good escape, gentleman lucky".

[Example 3] At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Guan Ning lived in Liaodong because of escaping the war, and after the civil strife in Liaodong, Guan Ning moved to Beihai for a long time. Guan Ning lived a life of peace and happiness, but refused to give up the emperor's call. He can foresee chaos and take refuge, and he can cut off everything and go into hermit, which is the so-called "fat escape." Therefore, it can avoid danger and maintain a high reputation under the declining world.

Retreat and forward

Retreat is not a shame, but a profound knowledge, a clever art. Retreat is not a rout, it is a wise strategy. A timely retreat is progress in a broader sense.

"Gua Xu" says: "Those who endure will live for a long time, and things cannot live in their place for a long time, so they can be escaped by them. Those who escape will also retreat." It can be seen that escape is the meaning of retreat and escape.

So why do you want to escape? "Zhou Yi Zhezhong" said: "If you are not just in position, you should be able to prosper, but it should be in position, and you can escape from time to time, so you are prosperous. Going with the times means that time should escape and escape." According to the hexagram image. The general idea is that when you are not just in the right position, everything is prosperous; when you are in the right position, you can only get prosperity by following the trend and retreating appropriately. Therefore, a wise person should judge the situation, move forward when it is time to advance, and retreat when it is time to retreat, so that everything can be prosperous. As the hexagram shows, there are mountains in the world, and the road is blocked by mountains. At this time, if you insist on competing with the mountains, you will surely lead to failure. A wise person should avoid this situation and find another way out.

Mao Zedong is probably well versed in the samādhi of Zhouyi, and the sixteen-character order of guerrilla warfare he discussed in "On Protracted Warfare" is the best footnote to the hexagram of Dun. The sixteen-character order said: "The enemy advances and we retreat, the enemy is stationed and disturbed, the enemy is exhausted, I fight, and the enemy retreats and I chase." The enemy is coming fiercely and vigorously, just like an insurmountable mountain.A wise person should judge the situation at this time, adopt appropriate retreat and avoid strategies, and seek opportunities in retreat and avoidance. When the enemy's prosperity has passed, turn to attack and win.

Therefore, it is not a shame to retreat in time. Retreat is an art, an art that can maintain one's self-confidence and strength and eventually become invincible in life.

If you want to be invincible forever, then you must master the art of retreat. Retreat is not a rout, but a smart strategy. Timely retreat is advancement in a broad sense, because it is an integral part of advancement.

But you must always remain calm when retreating. The retreat of panic and panic is not a retreat, but a rout, which will eventually lead to a loss of self-confidence, a rout, and complete failure. A wise man is calm and composed at all times. Retreat is a strategy for him, and it is the result of judging the situation. It's a bit like boxing. When the opponent is coming, you go around the ring to avoid the opponent's powerful attack. On the surface, it may seem a kind of cowardice, but in fact this is an inseparable part of your effective attack. Part of it is a tactical retreat and a strategic arrangement, so that you can ensure that you are less fists from the opponent. When the game progresses to the final juncture, the opponent has become a strong opponent, and your strength is weak, but you have saved your strength in the retreat. At this time, you will be able to knock down the opponent and win the victory by turning back to counterattack.

Therefore, a wise person always judges the situation, retreats when it is time to retreat, and saves strength in preparation for another fight. People cannot always be offensive in life. After a certain distance, we naturally need to rest and consolidate our position. Especially when we notice temporary invincible difficulties on the way forward, advancement and development must be Stop, and retreat if necessary. Retreat at this time is a smart and decent way to avoid risks and preserve strength and self-confidence.

For a person with a strong personality and full of confidence, retreat will never produce a sense of shame and loss at any time, because he understands the meaning of retreat. Retreat is a clever and confident art for him, which can ensure that he is always invincible.