Japanese war criminals’ tablet for immortality worshipped by Xuanzang Temple in Nanjing
Nanjing Massacre color photo album donation site
1937 On December 13, 1937, Nanjing fell.
Go forward, the Battle of Shanghai was in November, but it could not avoid the fall of Shanghai and the tragic defeat of huge casualties. The soldiers who had just retired from the battlefield of Shanghai dragged their tired bodies and turned around and struggled to support them in the Battle of Nanjing of .
Later, the Japanese army invaded the city carried out more than 40 days of massacre, looting and rape in Nanjing and nearby areas, satisfying their extremely crazy desire to kill with the deaths of 300,000 civilians and prisoners of war.
The darkest moment in Nanjing City is nothing more than this.
From now on, there are only 54 registered survivors of the Nanjing Massacre. But among the 2,596 surviving veterans of the War of Resistance against Japan in the country, how many of them survived from the Nanjing Defense War?
1. Defend
"An outstanding retreat is no less than a great attack." The destruction of fighting while defending Nanjing has become a desperate way out when retreating to Nanjing. Individual soldiers can only obey military orders and struggle to survive in the environment as the large army rises and falls.
19-year-old Zhou Yiyun finally fled Nanjing on the evening of December 12, 1937, looking back at the south bank of the Yangtze River, , and was in tears.
When he received the retreat order, he was a soldier of the mortar company of the Gendarmerie Battalion of the Nanjing Garrison Command, and was still working on combat fortifications day and night.
Zhou Yiyun
10 On that day, the Japanese used explosives to break the city wall of Guanghua Gate twice and rushed into the city, but were both shot dead by Zhou Yiyun's troops. At that time, no one retreated, and they had only one idea in their mind, that is, they must not let the enemy enter the city.
"Retreat, retreat!" The messenger in the camp shouted along the street with his throat. Zhou Yiyun, who was accidentally asleep on the sandbag, was awakened. He saw that everyone around him had strange expressions, but he was not excited.
The military police troops at that time were relatively strict in discipline. They lined up from positions far away from the city center and ran all the way through Zhongshan North Road and Gulou . There were more and more people and soldiers fleeing on the road. Until we entered Shanxi Road, the team was completely in chaos.
"I only see countless people running downward like crazy, like a flood, you don't have to move at all, others will push you away."
In addition to people, there are also discarded rifles, machine guns, , military belts, military uniforms, and even cars and mortars.
Zhou Yiyun and his troops scattered, and finally ran to Yijiangmen , but the crowd became even more crowded and crazy.
Yijiangmen
The 36th Division Song Xilian 5th unit was ordered to guard Yijiangmen. Because he had not received the order to retreat on the peak, he closed the city gate, leaving only a hole in the middle, and set up machine guns at the door to prevent the crowd from passing. Tens of thousands of people were trapped at the door.
"Just as soon as I squeezed to the door, I heard gunshots. The soldiers who left the city fought with the 36th Division guarding the city. As soon as the gun fired, the people became even more messy. I saw many people taking off their leggings and trying to hang them from the city wall, and they fell to death. Many people on the edge of the doorway were squeezed down, and those who couldn't get up were trampled to death, layer after layer, at least four or five layers, and I'm afraid there were thousands of people who died."
With his tall and powerful figure, Zhou Yiyun and several comrades rushed out and ran to the Yangtze River Wharf. When the decisive battle began, Tang Shengzhi, director of the Security Executive Department of the Military Commission, who was appointed in danger, had seized all the ships in order to be determined. The Yangtze River, which guards a land and water on the edge of Nanjing, has now become an "accomplice" of the enemy and just wants to "encircle" the people in the city.
"Run back, all people are people, you can't run at all. Standing by the river, the people behind you will squeeze you down the Yangtze River."
The river water in winter is biting cold, and the waves at night are pushed higher and higher by the wind. On the river, more than a dozen Japanese warships, , cooperated with planes in the sky, bombed and fired at the crowds by the river.
Someone couldn't stand the artillery fire and plunged into the river. After being hit by waves, no one could be seen. Someone got something like wooden basins, door panels, etc., and jumped down and floated down.
Zhou Yiyun and six other comrades also got two fir trees and as lifeboats. They floated for more than ten miles before reaching the other shore. When they got ashore, only 3 people were left, and the others were all killed by enemy planes.
According to historical records, in the Battle of Nanjing, a total of 6,000 military police officers were put into battle. During the defense battle outside the city from December 10 to 12, 1937, the Japanese army suffered heavy damage. After the city was broken, there were only more than 400 military policemen who survived.
In 2016, Zhou Yiyun has reached nearly a hundred years old and has been lying in the hospital bed for a long time. At this time, he had left Nanjing for a full 80th anniversary, but he still couldn't let it go.
So he called his daughter to the bed and asked her to go to the place where he had fought fiercely in Nanjing to worship those comrades who had died.
This way, can we bring him some comfort.
2. Massacre of the city
Zhou Yiyun is a soldier who was lucky enough to escape from Nanjing. There are really not many soldiers as lucky as him.
After the Japanese army broke through the city, part of which was the prisoner of war who unfortunately unloaded his weapons.
And veteran Tang Guangpu, after encountering that large-scale massacre, would become a lucky person in misfortune and save his life from the massacre.
He was only 19 years old at that time and worked as an orderly soldier in the Third Battalion of the Teaching Corps. He just withdrew from the battlefield in Shanghai in early November, but unexpectedly he experienced another chaotic retreat in December.
Tang Spectrum
and Zhou Yiyun's situation are similar. Tang Spectrum and six other comrades lost contact with the army and found a way out in the mountain torrent-like flow of people.
When crossing the river, Tang Guangpu was left with only one comrade named Tang Hecheng. The meat chopping board that can be used as a boat just keeps spinning on the river on the south bank, and the north bank is out of reach.
helplessly, they abandoned the "ship", returned to Yanziji , and ran to the mountain with no life.
Until the early morning, the Japanese soldiers who searched the mountain found two people in a pit and took them to the temporary barracks of the former teaching corps camping training.
This barracks have seven or eight rows, all of which are sheds made of bamboo mud walls, and are filled with people who have been arrested.
In the next few days, the people in the shed had not yet entered the rice. They slowly realized that the Japanese wanted to starve them to death.
One night, someone didn't want to sit and wait for death and burned the bamboo house. With the firelight, the people in each room pushed down their bamboo circumference and rushed out.
There is a deep ditch outside the bamboo encirclement, so they jumped down the deep ditch and swam and fled. There were cliffs outside the deep ditch, and they could not. They were trapped in a desperate situation and were caught back again.
There are no people arrested again, but these people died under the enemy's machine guns, dyeing the water in the ditch brightly red.
Resistance completely angered the enemy. Before dawn, the Japanese soldiers drove everyone into the yard, letting them bend their arms to their arms, and then tied them up with cloth strips. After I tied up all the people, it was already past 2 pm.
The person tied up was driven to an empty venue not far from the river beach under the threat of bayonet.
Had not eaten for several days, and the road was more than ten miles away, and people fainted or slowed down the process. Then they were stabbed to death by unhappy Japanese soldiers...
The Chinese police who maintained public order in the safe area were taken outside Hanzhong Gate to massacre
Shangyan Gate. I don’t know how many people were sitting on the ground. It was dark, all of them were hungry.
Even so, the desire to survive drives people to help each other bite the other's head and be ready to escape at any time.
suddenly snapped up, and all the searchlights on all sides lit up. Several machine guns on the two ships on the river surface and machine guns on the high ground on three sides fired towards the crowd frantically.
The 65th Regiment of the Japanese Army concentrated some of the captured Chinese soldiers in the Shogfu Mountain to wait for the massacre
"As soon as the gunshot sounded, Tang Hecheng and I quickly lay on the ground.I only heard many people shouting slogans: ‘Down with Japanese imperialism! ’’Long live the Republic of China! ’
With the sound of gunfire and slogans, many people were shot and fell down. The bodies pressed us to the bottom, and their blood stained my clothes. I held my breath and didn't dare to move. "
More than twenty minutes passed, the gunshot stopped, and Tang Guangpu pulled Tang Hecheng trembled. After the two sides responded to each other, the machine gun sounded again.
Wait until the next day the strafing stopped, Tang Guangpu found that Tang Hecheng was not moving at all. After touching again, he was hit by a bullet on the other party's head, and blood kept rushing out, which scared Tang Guangpu in the pile of dead people and never dared to move again.
"I don't know how long it took, but I heard the sound of the enemy packing things, and then the sound of them leaving, and the steamboat drove away. I walked slowly and crawled downward for more than ten miles. I climbed to the edge of a cave and saw compatriots who were killed by the enemy lying in the entrance of the cave. I didn't care much and climbed into a cave that could shelter from the wind. "
Later, the people who fled from the south bank to the other side of Baguazhou secretly rowed here to pack their cow grass, bringing Tang Guangsou to Baguazhou.
In the second half of Tang Guangsou's life, many people would question him - why didn't you soldiers resist in that massacre?
But he was silent.
Those who should explain and apologize were never from hell People who survived.
3. Requiem
The harm brought to the Chinese by the Nanjing Massacre radiates out of Nanjing City and lasts until eighty years later. The relatives of those who suffered will look in the direction of Nanjing for the rest of their lives, waiting for their families to return.
2018, in Mingyue Jiangke and Qidong County 1 With the efforts of the volunteers, Chen Guangyuan, a hero who died in the defense of Nanjing, finally returned to his hometown after 81 years.
Chen Guangyuan, a native of Qidong County, Hengyang, Hunan Province, was born in 1911, with five brothers, and was the eldest brother of the family. After Chen Guangyuan was a little older, he was sent by his father to the army of his fellow townsman Liu Xing , and later performed excellently and was gradually promoted.
Chen Guangyuan illuminated
1936, Chen Guangyuan was admitted to the fifth session of the Central Army Officer School Officer Training Class, and returned to his hometown to visit his relatives after graduation. At that time, Shanghai fell, and Nanjing, the capital of the Republic of China, was in danger.
Chen Guangyuan saw from the newspaper that the war ahead was in a tight situation, so he held back and said goodbye to his family, ended his vacation early and returned to the army.
Wartime War Report
In late November 1937, the Nanjing Garrison Command was established. Chen Guangyuan served as the major battalion commander of the Fourth Battalion of the Nanjing Garrison Command, responsible for protecting the safety of the headquarters.
On December 13, Chen Guangyuan, who followed the headquarters' guard regiment to the north bank of the Yangtze River, ignored his safety and insisted on boarding the ship again, returned to Nanjing Xiaguan to meet the enemy who broke through and had not yet boarded the ship. Comrades-in-arms. The ship arrived at the middle of the river and was shot by the Japanese army. Chen Guangyuan was injured and fell into the water. He fell into the river. His body was not sure where he floated.
After Nanjing was lost, his family did not receive Chen Guangyuan's letter.
In the spring of the following year, Chen Guangyuan's comrade Xiao Zhiming brought a message saying that Chen Guangyuan was killed in the Nanjing battlefield.
The mother did not believe that her eldest son had sacrificed so much, and she was still the same as before. , standing in front of the house every day, waiting for his son to return home.
In 1974, Chen's mother passed away, and this prayer and search for Chen Guangyuan fell on his four younger brothers again.
One day later, Guangdong volunteer Mingyue Jiangke found a photo of the hero Chen Guangyuan during an accidental search for archives, and followed the clues and was lucky to find the photos of the hero's uniform.
One day later, Guangdong volunteer Mingyue Jiangke found a photo of the hero Chen Guangyuan during an accidental search for archives, and followed the clues and was lucky to find the photos of the hero's uniform.
Heroic Martyr Chen Guangyuan complained to the death of martyr
Qidong County volunteer team relayed and found the family of the hero in the local area. Chen Guangyuan was married and had no direct descendants when he died. Although he had no direct descendants, his nephews were concerned about the whereabouts of his uncle at all times.
"Our uncle is the pride of our family and will always be the hero in the minds of our children and nephews.”
Chen Guangyuan’s left photo and Rong Ai letter return home
When Chen Guangyuan’s late Rong Ai letter and the photo of eternal youth returned to the Chen family’s ancestral temple, can Nanjing’s pain be healed a little?
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