在西方媒体主导的世界舆论场，充斥着对中国的歪曲报道，中国媒体想努力发声，纠正视听，却被外媒炒作为“中国媒体威胁论”。
纽约时报：当新冠疫情袭来时，中国做好了准备讲述自己的故事
当地时间5月9日，《纽约时报》发表文章称，中国一直在动用自己的资金和权力，试图打造出一套能够抗衡BBC及CNN的全球媒体方案。
The New York Times recently published an article saying that China is creating an alternative to a global news media dominated by outlets like the BBC and CNN, and to insert Chinese money and power into the media in almost every country in the world.
作者本·史密斯（Ben Smith）在文中透露，国际新闻工作者联合会（International Federation of Journalists）将于5月12日发布一份报告，讲述中国是如何在全球拓展其媒体影响力的。
首先，作者罗列出一系列所谓“令人震惊的”（astonishing）现象。例如中国同时推行了英语版本和塞尔维亚语版本的《中国日报》；一名菲律宾记者估计菲国内通讯社超过半数的报道都来自新华社等。
中国日报在美国西雅图的报箱 图源：路透社
此外，这份报告还将新冠疫情期间与中国相关的正面报道渲染成中国外交的一部分，却罔顾中国积极对他国抗疫施予援手的事实：
“As the pandemic started to spread, Beijing used its media infrastructure globally to seed positive narratives about China in national media...”
“随着新冠疫情开始蔓延，中国利用其在全球媒体上的渠道，在国家媒体上传播与中国相关的正面报道……”
The report found that a new media push accompanied the intense round of Chinese diplomacy in the pandemic, providing protective equipment initially and then vaccines to countries around the world.
报告认为，中国在新冠疫情期间开展的猛烈外交伴随着新一轮的媒体宣传，先是向世界各国提供了防护设施，接着又提供了疫苗。
更为讽刺的是，作者在文中提到“中方打压外国媒体、不给美国记者发签证”：
China has also cracked down on foreign correspondents inside its borders... and denying visas to American reporters, including most of the New York Times bureau.
中国还对其境内的外国记者进行打压……并拒绝向美国记者发放签证，包括《纽约时报》的大部分分社记者。
却全然不提事情的起因是美方自2018年以来无限期拖延甚至拒签20多名中国记者的签证，将中国驻美媒体注册为“外国代理人”、列为“外国使团”，去年3月变相驱逐60名中国驻美记者，还将所有中国驻美记者签证停留期削减至不超过90天等事实。
外国网友：
难道不该鼓励不同的声音吗？
值得一提的是，不少外国网友看到了这篇文章背后彰显出的西方媒体所固有的偏见与问题。
CNN、纽约时报、BBC之流都不能称得上是全球媒体。它们就是分布在全球的西方媒体。你们不能代表全球声音。你们只能代表一部分的西方声音。有点儿自知之明吧。
中国完全有权力讲出他们自己的故事。这个世界被西方媒体控制太久了。难道我们不应该鼓励一切不同的声音吗？
众所周知，BBC和CNN就是宣传工具。
恭喜！这正是我们喜闻乐见的事。希望有一天这个世界能打破被西方媒体所控制着的舆论。
BBC和CNN能继续向他们的目标受众撒谎的唯一方法，就是确保这些受众听不见其他的声音。
外交部回应：
世界不应只有CNN和BBC
在5月11日外交部例行记者会上，外交部发言人华春莹在回答记者与这篇文章相关的提问时表示，报道称报告认为中国在全球加大传播有关中国的正面叙事，感觉像是对中国新闻工作者工作的一种肯定。
The part concerning positive narratives about China sounds like recognition for Chinese media workers.
然后，她用五点做了一些初步回应：
第一，世界本来就是丰富和多元的，在媒体领域，不应只有CNN和BBC，各国都应该有自己的声音。作为拥有14亿人口、占世界人口总数近五分之一、拥有5000年绵延不断文明、全球第二大经济体和最大发展中国家的中国，当然应该、也值得在国际舆论格局拥有自己的一席之地。
First, the world is a diverse and colorful place. In the media sector, instead of having CNN and BBC only, countries should all have their own voices. China has an uninterrupted civilization that dates back over 5000 years ago. Today, China is the world's second largest economy and the biggest developing country with 1.4 billion people, nearly one fifth of the world's total. Of course we should have and we deserve a place in the international media landscape.
第二，美方一方面滥用话语霸权，打着“自由”的幌子对中国肆无忌惮地进行虚假信息攻击，另一方面将意识形态凌驾于客观真实的原则之上，通过抹黑打压中国媒体来为自己的政治操作搞“辩护”，这是赤裸裸的舆论或者话语霸权。面对针对中国的肆意抹黑攻击和谣言谎言，中国当然需要发出自己的声音，在涉及新冠肺炎疫情等一系列重要问题上说明事实真相，留下客观、真实的人类集体叙事和记忆，这才是负责任的国家真正负责任的态度。
Second, by abusing discourse hegemony, the US has launched a disinformation attack on China under the pretext of media freedom. In the meantime, the US is letting ideology override the principles of objectivity and authenticity and justifying its political manipulation of cracking down on Chinese media through denigration. Such moves are barely-veiled media hegemony or discourse hegemony. In the face of lies and rumors to smear and attack China, it is only natural to make our own voices heard. China explained truth and facts on many important issues including COVID-19 to leave an objective and right collective narrative and memory for mankind. This is what we call a responsible attitude from a responsible country.
第三，中国人讲求人无信不立、业无信不兴，己所不欲勿施于人。中国媒体秉持客观真实原则进行新闻报道，不炮制、不散播针对别国的虚假信息。我看到美国国会参院外委会通过“2021年战略竞争法案”，提出每年要花费3亿美元用于传播抹黑中国的负面信息。相比之下，《纽约时报》报道中提到中方有时为有些国家媒体提供一些抗疫物资方面的帮助根本不算什么，绝对谈不上什么影响、渗透或者宣传。
Third, the Chinese people honor credibility, which is important to who you are and what you do. We also believe that people should not do to others what they do not want others to do to themselves. Chinese media make coverage in an objective and never concoct or disseminate disinformation targeting other countries. I have noted that the US Senate Foreign Affairs Committee passed the Strategic Competition Act of 2021, which authorizes $300 million to be appropriated for each fiscal year to "counter the malign influence of the Chinese Communist Party globally". If you bear this figure in mind, then the anti-epidemic supplies China offered to some media agencies are basically nothing, not even bordering influence, infiltration or propaganda.
第四，各国体制不同，媒体如何运营自然会有所不同。评价一个媒体的专业性，最重要的是看它能否恪守新闻职业操守，能否客观公正报道。新华社是有着近90年历史的国际知名新闻机构，按照通讯社通行的运营规则，为其遍布全球的各类用户提供权威性和专业化的新闻资讯。我想新华社同其他国家新闻机构的合作，同美联社、路透社、法新社、共同社跟世界各国新闻机构合作没什么不同。不能因为新华社属于中国这个社会主义国家，就否定新华社等中国媒体应有的新闻交流合作权利。如果因此指责新华社等中国媒体同其他国家新闻机构开展正常的新闻信息交流合作，这本身就是一种意识形态偏见和政治歧视。
Fourth, due to difference in systems, media outlets in different countries operate in different ways. When evaluating whether a media organization is professional, the most important thing to refer to is whether it abides by journalism ethics of being objective and just in its reporting. The Xinhua News Agency is a world-renowned agency with nearly 90 years of history. Following customary operation rules, it provides authoritative and professional news service to global users. Its cooperation with other news agencies is no different from that of AP, Reuters, AFP, Kyodo with others. No one can deprive Chinese media like Xinhua their right to exchange and cooperation just because it is from China, a socialist country. Accusing Xinhua of engaging in exchange and cooperation with other agencies based on this alone is some sort of ideological bias and political discrimination.
按照报道中的逻辑，新华社、中国日报等中国媒体属于中国政府，服务的是14亿中国人民的利益，那么CNN等属于一些垄断私人资本的媒体，服务的可能只是极少数人或者利益集团的利益。是不是可以这么理解？
Following the logic in the report, Chinese media including like Xinhua and China Daily are owned by the Chinese government and serve the interest of the 1.4 billion Chinese people. Then, perhaps CNN and other media owned by monopoly private capital serve the interest of a few or interest groups. Can we come to this conclusion?
第五，指责中方打压外国媒体、不给美国记者发签证，这完全是颠倒黑白，是非不分。事实是，2018年以来，美方无限期拖延甚至拒签20多名中国记者的签证，将中国驻美媒体注册为“外国代理人”、列为“外国使团”，去年3月变相驱逐60名中国驻美记者，还将所有中国驻美记者签证停留期削减至不超过90天。这意味着每三个月就得重新申请一次签证延期，而且每次还要交额外的490美元签证费。新华社和人民网驻美国记者去年11月初提交的签证延期申请尚未获批，按照美方规定，他们自2月初起就被迫停止工作，其中新华社记者已被迫于5月1日回国。还有很多其他中方记者往往是好不容易等来了审批的签证延期，但已经必须立即再申请下一轮的签证申请。所以中国驻美媒体记者在美国处于极大不确定状态，对他们正常的工作甚至生活都带来了很大不确定性，造成了严重负面影响。我想请外国驻华记者朋友扪心自问，你们在中国得到的是什么待遇？如果美方对待中方媒体驻美记者的待遇、措施、手段落在你们身上，你们会感受如何？
Fifth, it is a complete distortion of facts to accuse China of suppressing foreign media and denying US journalists visa. The fact is that since 2018, the US has indefinitely delayed or denied visa approval for 20 Chinese journalists. It designated US-based Chinese media as "foreign agents" and "foreign missions", expelled 60 Chinese journalists in all but name, and limited visas for Chinese journalists to a maximum 90-day stay. That means they have to apply for an extension every three months and pay $490 for it each time. The visa extension applications submitted by Xinhua New Agency's and People's Daily's correspondents in early November 2020 haven't been approved yet. Following the US rules, they have stopped working since early February. The Xinhua correspondent was forced to return to China on May 1. Besides, many Chinese journalists whose applications were finally approved found that when the notice came, the validity period was almost up, which means they had to start a new round of application right away. All these have put US-based Chinese journalists in great uncertainty and severely affected their work and life. You may ask yourselves, how have you been treated in China? If China were to treat foreign journalists like the US, how would you feel?
针对美方无理打压，中方被迫作出必要正当合理回应。但是，我们至今没有对美方无差别将所有中国驻美记者签证缩短至不超过90天采取反制措施。即便在疫情期间，我们也是想方设法帮助部分滞留国外的美国媒体记者及家属回到中国。即便是在美方迟迟不予中方驻美记者延期签证的情况下，我们依然为包括美媒在内的所有外国驻华记者工作生活提供支持和协助，他们在华采访报道未受到任何影响。事实上，在签证问题上，近500名外国记者在华记者证有效期绝大多数都是一年。这个事实是非常清楚的，希望有关媒体记者人士都能够客观理性看待。
China has no other choice but to make necessary and legitimate responses to the wanton US suppression. We exercised the utmost restraint and has not yet retaliated against the US measure to slash Chinese journalists' visa stay to a maximum of 90 days. After the outbreak of COVID-19, we did what we could to overcome difficulties and help China-based American journalists and their families stranded overseas to return to China. Even though the US refuses to grant Chinese journalists visa extension, we still offer support and assistance to American journalists working in China like all foreign journalists. Their reporting here has not been affected at all. On the visa issue, the overwhelming majority of the nearly 500 foreign journalists in China hold press cards with a validity period of one year. The facts are crystal clear and I hope relevant journalists can all look at this rationally.
编辑：左卓
实习编辑：李金昳
来源：纽约时报 外交部官方网站 观察者网 推特
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