Pinia 作为 Vue 官方推荐的状态管理库,其插件机制能有效扩展核心功能,覆盖 数据持久化、性能优化、开发调试、类型安全 等常见需求。
一、数据持久化插件:pinia-plugin-persistedstate
痛点: 页面刷新后状态丢失
npm install pinia-plugin-persistedstate
// main.ts
import { createPinia } from'pinia'
import piniaPluginPersistedstate from'pinia-plugin-persistedstate'
const pinia = createPinia()
pinia.use(piniaPluginPersistedstate)
// store 配置
exportconst useUserStore = defineStore('user', {
state: () => ({ token: '' }),
persist: {
storage: sessionStorage, // 指定存储方式
paths: ['token'] // 选择持久化字段
}
})
适用场景:
- 保持用户登录状态
- 记住表格筛选条件
- 保存用户主题偏好
二、状态重置插件:pinia-plugin-reset
痛点: 手动重置复杂状态容易遗漏
import { createReset } from 'pinia-plugin-reset'
// 初始化
pinia.use(createReset())
// 使用示例
const store = useUserStore()
store.$reset() // 一键重置到初始状态
**适用场景:
- 用户退出登录时清理数据
- 表单提交后重置
- 测试用例的初始状态设置
三、防抖操作插件:@pinia/plugin-debounce
顾名思义,防抖触发 pinia 更新,减少更新频率
import { debounce } from 'ts-debounce'
import { PiniaDebounce } from '@pinia/plugin-debounce'
// Pass the plugin to your application's pinia plugin
pinia.use(PiniaDebounce(debounce))
defineStore(
'id',
() => {
// ...the store
return { someSearch }
},
{
debounce: {
// 防抖
someSearch: 300,
},
}
)
四、映射操作插件:pinia-orm
通过映射关系来操作 pinia
import { createPinia } from 'pinia'
import { createORM } from 'pinia-orm'
const pinia = createPinia().use(createORM())
// User Model
import { Model } from'pinia-orm'
exportdefaultclass User extends Model {
// entity is a required property for all models.
static entity = 'users'
// List of all fields (schema) of the post model. `this.string()` declares
// a string field type with a default value as the first argument.
// `this.uid()` declares a unique id if none provided.
static fields () {
return {
id: this.uid(),
name: this.string(''),
email: this.string('')
}
}
// For typescript support of the field include also the next lines
declare id: string
declare name: string
declare email: string
}
五、撤销/重置插件:pinia-undo
pnpm add pinia pinia-undo
import { PiniaUndo } from 'pinia-undo'
const pinia = createPinia()
pinia.use(PiniaUndo)
const useCounterStore = defineStore({
id: 'counter',
state: () => ({
count: 10,
}),
actions: {
increment() {
this.count++
},
},
})
const counterStore = useCounterStore()
// undo/redo have no effect if we're at the
// beginning/end of the stack
counterStore.undo() // { count: 10 }
counterStore.redo() // { count: 10 }
counterStore.increment() // { count: 11 }
counterStore.increment() // { count: 12 }
counterStore.undo() // { count: 11 }
counterStore.undo() // { count: 10 }
counterStore.undo() // { count: 10 }
counterStore.redo() // { count: 11 }
六、SSR 支持:@pinia/nuxt
npm install @pinia/nuxt
// nuxt.config.ts
export default defineNuxtConfig({
modules: ['@pinia/nuxt']
})
// 自动处理:
// - 服务端数据预取
// - 客户端状态同步
// - 避免 hydration 错误
七、开发调试插件:vue-devtools 增强
内置支持: 通过浏览器插件直接查看
调试技巧:
- 时间旅行调试(状态回滚)
- 直接修改 store 状态
- 跟踪状态变更来源