语法系列12:学完这篇语法,给2022年奋斗的自己一个最好的交代!

2022已经过去,过去的一年你一定也是非常努力吧~

很高兴通过这样分享分方式与大家一起走完了这一年!

2023年,让我们一起继续学习,共同成长,不惧将来!

No fear to the future!

一、英语中动词跟中文里有什么区别吗?

1 概念:描述主语的动作行为或状态的词,用来说明主语是什么、处于什么状态或做了什么。

2 分类

事物的种类多样性

狗狗也是各式各样的~

标准一:是否做谓语

1)谓语动词

I love Lily.

2)非谓语动词

I have a lot of things to do. (不定式)

Leslie is a man teaching English. (现在分词 v-ing)

This is a meal cooked by Leslie.(过去分词 v-ed)

标准二:意义和句法作用

  1. 实义动词

<a>及物动词(+宾语)eat/drink

<b>不及物动词(不能+宾语)run/jump/cry

  1. 连系动词

<a>be 动词

<b>感官动词 sound/taste/smell/look

<c>变化 turn/get/become/go

<d>保持 keep/stay/remain

3)助动词(本身没有实际含义,只能和实义动词构成复合谓语,用来表示时态和语态,也可以构成否定句、疑问句、加强语气等):

be (He is teaching English.) (It has been eaten.)

have(I have finished my homework.)

do (I don’t like watching TV.)

will/shall/would/should 等

疑问句

I love you.

Do you love me?

加强语气:

I do love you.

4)情态动词(表示人说话的语气和情态,主要包括能力、可能、命令、要求、许诺、威胁等,不能单独做谓语,只能和其它动词一起构成复合谓语,没有人称和数的变化)。

can/could/may/might/must/shall/should/will/would/need/

ought to/dare/had better/used to 等

will 助动词(时态和语态):将,将来,将要

She will arrive in 3 hours.

will 情态动词(语气,情态):愿,要

She won’t eat anything.

Will you accept the invitation?

(receive 收到,具体 accept 接受,抽象)

——Don’t be late again.

——I won’t, sir.

二、形容词还是那个形容词

1 概念:用来修饰名词或代词的词,表示人事物的性质,状态或程度

2 句法功能:

1)作定语

Lily is a beautiful girl. (前置定语)

He is a man awake. (后置定语)

There is nothing important. (后置定语)

2)作表语

She is beautiful.

He is awake.It stays hot.

3)作宾补

I made her happy.

It makes me sad.

I found her smart.

3 比较等级:比较级,最高级

He is taller than me.

He is the tallest in our school.

1)一般情况:+er/+est

tall---taller---tallest

high---higher---highest

long---longer---longest

2)以 e 结尾的词:+r/+st

nice---nicer---nicest

large---larger---largest

3)以辅音字母+y 结尾的词:先把 y 变成 i,再加-er/-est

easy---easier---easiest

happy---happier---happiest

4)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词:双写该辅音字母,再加

-er/-est

hot---hotter---hottest

big---bigger---biggest

5)部分双音节或多音节词:加 more/most

careful---more careful---most careful

beautiful---more beautiful---most beautiful

important---more important---most important

6)不规则变化

good---better---best

bad---worse---worst

little---less---least

old---older/elder---oldest/eldest



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