At 6:00 p.m. on September 30, California time, Tesla AI Day started on time, and Tesla CEO Elon Musk grandly launched a humanoid robot. In the subsequent demo video, Tesla shows a picture of a robot carrying boxes, watering flowers, and working in the Tesla Gigafactory. Musk said that in the future, with the participation of robots, people will be free to choose their work, and simple repetitive work can be handed over to robots. This type of work will become an option for humans, rather than a necessity. If we can use robots to achieve lower labor costs, it will eventually lead to faster economic development.
According to the International Shipping and Offshore Engineering Network, it is not only in the automobile manufacturing industry, but also in the heavy industry industries such as shipbuilding in China, the shortage of labor resources is becoming increasingly serious. On the one hand, no one does low-end workers, and on the other hand, the cost of high-end skilled workers is very high. At present, senior workers in some shipyards have a monthly salary of up to 50,000 yuan, and some have become NPC representatives, and their treatment exceeds that of shipyard management cadres in all aspects. With the promotion and application of high-end robots, it can be foreseen that a large number of robots will replace high-, middle- and low-skilled industrial workers in the future.
This is the first time Tesla has shown the entity of this robot, Optimus humanoid robot. It has no connection or support. In fact, I have never done this in the laboratory before. This is a work that took only more than half a year. It slowly walked out and greeted the people on the scene:
However, there was no performance like dancing or answering questions afterwards. Compared with Boston Dynamics' Atlashml2, it seemed to be a bit less interesting.
"This robot can actually do a lot of things, not just out for a walk," Musk said. In the subsequent demo video, Tesla shows a picture of a robot carrying boxes, watering flowers, and working in the Tesla Gigafactory. The Autopilot system used for robot navigation is similar to the one on Tesla car .
It has a battery pack with a capacity of 2.3KWh, which is enough to work all day long. The computing device is a Tesla SOC that can connect WiFi and 4G networks. Various power control systems are integrated into a PCB.
Tesla engineer said: "Although humans can sustain life on just a small amount of food, we can't stop metabolism when we are not working, and robots are different."
Overall, Optimus has destructive control, structures suitable for mass production, integrated structural control design, human-inspired knee joints, task-based knee requirements, and joints optimized for efficient actuators, and each hand can lift 20 pounds of objects.
Specifically for hand details, it has 6 actuators, 11 degrees of freedom, adaptive grasping and non-reverse-driven fingers. In terms of performance, it is able to grab a 20-pound bag, use tools, and accurately grab widgets, etc.
Tesla says that a lot of Tesla cars' experience has been applied to building Optimus robots.
Visual deep learning model is directly ported from a car to a robot. GPS is basically unavailable when navigating indoors, so more points need to be received through sensors to improve accuracy, but the mechanism for measuring the surrounding passable areas is also common to autopilot.
Tesla ceo Elon Musk introduced that in the future, Optimus Prime's production scale can reach millions of units and the price can be less than US$20,000. It is expected to be mass-produced and launched in 3 to 5 years.
What are the usage scenarios for Optimus Prime? In the office, it can flexibly lift the kettle to water the flowers, carry materials with both hands to the target position, accurately locate the surrounding people and actively avoid them; in the Tesla Fremont factory, Optimus Prime has begun to work in simple work, and engineers have planned corresponding action routes for it.
Optimus Prime has a total of 28 degrees of freedom. Before that, the first robot released by Xiaomi had 21 degrees of freedom. Optimus' joints are designed with bionic joints, which simulate the shape of human joints and tendons, while the hands are designed with ergonomics, with 11 degrees of freedom. In terms of "sensory", after the practical application verification of the fully autonomous driving capability system, Tesla's computer vision technology can be directly applied to robots.
At present, Optimus Prime can complete the movements of walking, going up stairs, squatting, and picking objects, and can still maintain balance with a small amount of external interference. In the live video, Tesla also showed Optimus Prime being poked by a wooden stick by a staff member, but did not fall or shake for a long time. He just leaned forward and stabilized his posture, and responded to the challenge excellently.
Construct the robot "brain"
"Robots need to have a 'brain', that is, Artificial intelligence ." Musk said. During the process of designing, training and manufacturing Optimus Prime, Tesla applied artificial intelligence technology in a large number and introduced Optimus Prime's central computer on the spot.
"In fact, Tesla vehicles have installed FSD (fully autonomous driving) computers, and we hope to combine the autonomous driving experience with the humanoid platform." Tesla engineer said: "But the actual needs and forms of robots are different from those of cars, so we still need to adjust them appropriately."
At the same time, Optimus Prime also "learned" humans through motion capture. Taking moving items as an example, Tesla staff enter actions through wearable devices, and the robot learns through neural network , from completing the same action at the same location to evolving to deduce the scheme in other scenarios, thus learning to carry different objects in different environments.
"When talking about robots, we think of economic development. The fundamental element of the economy is labor. If we can use robots to achieve lower labor costs, it will eventually lead to faster economic development." Musk said that in the future, with the participation of robots, people will be free to choose their work, and simple repetitive work can be handed over to robots. This type of work will become an option for humans, rather than a necessity.
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