The first impression that the Pacific Ocean gives is that it is large, ranking first among the four oceans of and , almost equivalent to the sum of the other three oceans.
However, the Pacific Ocean is large, but it is a complete bag of air. It is squeezing it around its continents without exception. The sad Pacific Ocean can only silently shrink its area.
Beautiful Pacific Ocean scenery
Yes, the Pacific Ocean we see today has shrunk by 100 million years. At the beginning, the Pacific Ocean was much larger than today.
As time goes by, the Pacific Ocean may disappear one day in the future, and Asia and the Americas will stage a stunning collision.
The junction of the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean
The origin of the Pacific Ocean
The predecessor of the Pacific Ocean dates back to about .25 billion years ago , when there was only one land on the earth - Pangu supercontinent .
Although the name is Pangu, this does not mean that it has existed since the birth of the earth. Pangu supercontinent is just a moment on the earth .
Since there is only one continent and surrounded by sea water, the ocean at at that time was called pan-ocean . This pan-ocean is the common origin of the four oceans of .
pangu supercontinent
pangu supercontinent itself is a combination of two ancient continents. in the north is called Laoya , and in the south is called Gondwana . About 200 million years ago, the two decided to separate.
is in Jurassic about .18 billion years ago, and Laoya continent has split up again. The prototype of the North American continent is separated from it. and the Eurasian continent have tear a gap, which is the future Atlantic .
At the same time, the continents we are familiar with today are also beginning to form one after another. Not only the Pangu supercontinent, but also the Lauya and Gondwana fell apart.
Pangu supercontinent collapsed
Pano Ocean was cut into several parts of by these continents, among which there is the original Pacific Ocean, called the PaleoPacific .
As the continent continues to drift, our seven continents and four oceans are also beginning to form , and finally about 30 million years ago formed today's map appearance.
There was a big mistake in history about the origin of the Pacific Ocean. It was discovered and named by Magellan . At that time, Magellan sailed on the sea for more than 8,100 days without encountering storm , so he named it "Pacific Ocean".
Magellan's Global Feat
Later geologists conducted in-depth measurements of the Pacific Ocean and found that if the Pacific Ocean is filled with rocks, the mass and volume of the required rock are comparable to that of the moon.
This also made many scientists at that time believe that the Pacific Ocean is the homeland of the moon.
Interestingly, the one who proposed this hypothesis was the son of Darwin . Yes, it was the Darwin of evolution theory .
However, this conjecture was rejected in 1912. That year, meteorologist and geographer Wegener published the continental drift theory.
The proposer of the theory of continental drift, Wegener,
, he believes that The land and ocean of the earth are constantly changing , the area of the Pacific Ocean was not the size of today in more ancient times, so how could the theory of the birth of the moon come from?
With the success of Apollo 11 in 1969, the lunar samples brought back by also show that the moon was not completely born on Earth , and the hypothesis that the Pacific Ocean is the origin of the moon was also officially abandoned.
The moon did not originate in the Pacific
Sad Pacific
From the ancient Pacific to today's Pacific, the area of has been shrinking by nearly twice. The Pacific has been getting smaller for more than 100 million years. After the drift of the continent, the plate theory was born. This time, it explains in more detail why earthquakes or volcanoes are still present in the same continent.
Although the earth is a solid planet as a whole, it is not ruled out that there is liquid substance inside it. The magma erupted from the volcano is one of the liquid substances on the earth.
The structure of the earth
All our creatures live on the thin layer of the earth's crust on the surface of the earth, and the earth's crust is not a whole. It is divided into several parts and is called plates.
It is no exaggeration to say that crust is floating on magma, and there is squeeze or tear between plates.
It's like two pieces of steamed buns floating on the soup. When the two pieces of steamed buns are squeezed together, the steamed buns on the edge will be crushed, and the soup will also pop up when it is squeezed.
The plates of the earth
When these two buns are pulled apart, the empty part in the middle will be filled with soup. Whether it is squeezed or separated, it will cause corresponding geological disasters.
The Pacific Ocean happens to be on one plate, and the plate is therefore named Pacific plate , which borders the Asia-European plate, the Indian Ocean plate, the Antarctic plate and the American plate respectively. Most of these plates are squeezing the Pacific plate , causing the crust at the junction to melt, so the area of the Pacific Ocean is shrinking.
At the same time, the earthquake and volcano have not been cut off in the margins of the Pacific Ocean. The circle around it is basically volcanoes under the sea.
Pacific Rim earthquake and volcanic belt
Let me put it this way, Among the undersea volcanoes in the world, the Pacific Ocean occupies half of , and they are basically alive and erupt at any time. The most recent Pacific volcanic eruption is Tonga's undersea volcano.
Such violent geological activities can be seen how the surrounding plates have squeezed the Pacific plate into.
Geologists all believe that if this continues, the Pacific Ocean will disappear in the next 300 million years.
North American continent will collide with the Eurasian continent , just like the Indian subcontinent hit the Eurasian continent.
When the collision of the two, a high mountain will be born, and the altitude may exceed Himalayan and become a peak of 10,000 meters.
The Past Pangu Supercontinent and the Future Pangu Supercontinent
The Reincarnation of Land
The ancients said: "The mulberry fields become vast seas, and the vast sea becomes mulberry fields." This sentence is not an exaggeration to use on the earth. The earth's land and oceans have gone through 4.6 billion years of time in breaking and reunion.
Pangu Supercontinent is the closest supercontinent to us, and it has also experienced it on Earth earlier.
is just because Pangu supercontinent caught up with after the species outbreak, and there were enough biological fossils to support it. In an earlier era, we lacked fossil evidence.
According to the derivation of the history of the earth, the earth will experience the form of supercontinent every 5 to 600 million years, so the cycle of reincarnation of the next supercontinent is about 300 million years later.
The ancients' wisdom of the sky and sea
At that time, North American continent is connected to Eurasian continent again , but the direction has been changed.
Africa, Australia and South America will also be connected again, but can no longer go back to Gondwana's time .
is also a bit more magical, because Indian Ocean plate has been squeezing with the Eurasian plate. The Eurasian continent is moving northward as a whole, so in the future, the Eurasian continent will be pushed to the North Pole and become an Arctic continent.
and Antarctica is also drifting out of its southernmost tip. The future Antarctica is likely to be just an ocean without land.
The Arctic will have a continent in the future
The Himalayas will also grow taller due to the movement of the plates, and will eventually approach the altitude of 10,000 meters .
Many people believe that the altitude of the Himalayas cannot exceed 10,000 meters, otherwise the earth's crust will collapse directly because it cannot bear the weight of the mountain.
However, some scientists pointed out that whether can withstand depends on the local crust thickness . It cannot be concluded that the Himalayas have no peak of 10,000 meters in the past,
. Now, the Himalayas are still growing at at a rate of 2 cm per year. It will be after 158,000 years after .
Antarctic may be an ocean in the future
The changes in the landform are not unique to the earth
This geological movement is not unique to the earth. is playing on many rock planets . It is nothing more than that the earth has life and intelligent creatures, so its changes have been studied.
There is an Olympus on Mars, with an altitude of more than 20,000 meters. Even if it is placed on Earth, the plane may not be able to fly.
The formation of Mount Olympus is different from the mountains on the earth. On the contrary, is similar to some volcanoes on the earth, and is a chimney-like mountain formed after the volcanic lava gushes out.
Mount Olympus
This mountain is alone on the surface of Mars. There are almost no adjacent peaks around . There are many similar peaks on Mars, such as Mount Alcia, Mount Pamonis, etc.
Among the top ten peaks in the solar system, Mars accounts for half of them, Mount Everest on the earth cannot squeeze into the peaks of the solar system at an altitude of because even the highest peak of the moon is higher than it.
The highest peak of the moon, Mount Leibniz, is about 9,000 meters above sea level, located near the Antarctic of the moon. It is not its own geological activity, but a landform shaped by continuous impact and cosmic rays over more than 4 billion years.
From this point of view, it is still safer for the earth's orogenic movement , and is at least an activity from the heart of the earth .
The highest peak of the earth, Mount Everest,
This is really a magical feeling. Our world map is just a moment for the earth. No one on the earth can be eternal, and the same is true in the universe.
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