At 16:00 on August 23 this year, the third duty task was successfully completed as the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Global Space Weather Center.
In 2021, the Space Weather Center received an "offer" from ICAO, which is the first global center in the field of civil aviation meteorology in China and the second world-class business center of China Meteorological Administration . This invitation from the international community is a huge affirmation of the Space Weather Center's persistent and vigorous efforts over the past 20 years. Especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Space Weather Center has continued to make efforts and achieved remarkable results in monitoring, forecasting and services.
improves the integrated space weather monitoring pattern of the world and the earth
In 2012, the first middle and high-rise atmospheric comprehensive observation network of the Space Weather Center was built; in 2013, the solar magnetic field telescope was built; in 2016, the new generation of stationary meteorological satellite Fengyun 4 A satellite was successfully launched, and its space monitoring load has functions such as multi-directional particles, magnetic fields, surface differences, absolute potential , deep potential detection; in 2017, Wind Yun3 D-Star was successfully launched, loading with a global navigation satellite occultation detector, wide-angle aurora imager and ionosphere photometer, and the space weather monitoring range and capability have been greatly improved; in 2019, the solar color ball telescope was built, forming a solar observation layout with east-west relay and back up, becoming the business observation system with the largest span of solar relay observation in China; in 2021, Fengyun3 E's solar X-ray extreme ultraviolet imager obtained my country's first space-based solar monitoring image...
Over the past decade, the Space Weather Center has continuously improved the integrated monitoring station network of the world. In terms of space-based monitoring, on the seven wind and cloud satellites operating in orbit, a total of 10 types of equipment and 26 (sets) of instruments have all realized online services. The detection elements cover high, medium and low energy particles, particle radiation effect, space magnetic field, ionosphere electron density and contour lines, gas radiance , aurora, sun X-ray flow and images, solar pole ultraviolet images, and the circle covers thermal layer , ionosphere, magnetosphere and the sun, realizing the "full process" of the causal chain of the sun and earth space. In terms of foundation monitoring, based on meteorological monitoring and disaster warning projects, a professional foundation space weather network layout of the "three belts and six zones" has been initially formed, with a total of 84 sets of equipment (sets) and the comprehensive monitoring capacity has reached the leading level in the country. For ionospheric monitoring, the GPS/MET network is fully utilized to conduct ionospheric TEC observations covered by large spaces. The ionospheric TEC monitoring data provided by nearly 1,000 GPS observation stations built through different channels have entered the space weather business of the China Meteorological Administration in real time and have the internationally leading regional ionospheric business monitoring capabilities.
Xinjiang Hot Spring Sun Magnetic Field Telescope Photo/ National Satellite Meteorological Center
Build a full-link intelligent numerical forecasting system
Compared with weather forecasts, space weather forecasts start later. Benchmarking against my country's meteorological development history, the space weather forecasting industry is in a critical period when the "entrepreneurship development stage" is turning to the "rapid development stage". At present, the Space Weather Center has the ability to make long-term, medium-term, short-term forecasts, early warnings and current reports on key elements of key areas of the Sun-Eastern space such as solar activities, magnetosphere, and ionosphere. It has comprehensive data analysis combined with automation and manual intervention and preliminary quantitative analysis capabilities and model forecasting capabilities. It regularly publishes regular forecast products such as space weather daily, weekly, monthly and annual reports, publishes current reports or alarms from time to time, and develops customized exclusive products according to user needs.
has been continuously polished and improved over the past ten years, and the overall accuracy of space weather forecast is comparable to that of international standards. In terms of parameter forecasts, since 2011, the 24-hour forecast accuracy of the Ap (geomagnetic disturbance intensity) index and F107 (solar radiation flux) index of the China Meteorological Administration have been better than the forecast of the US Space Weather Forecast Center for the same period for 11 consecutive years. In terms of event forecasting, based on the commonly used TS scoring method in the meteorological field, the M-level flare 24-hour forecast score and small geomagnetic storm forecast score are both better than the United States, and the large geomagnetic storm forecast score is comparable to that of the United States.
However, the above-mentioned forecasting service based on empirical forecasting always has problems such as low accuracy in forecasting space weather events. Numerical forecasting is the core and foundation of meteorological business, and space weather forecasting is no exception. In order to achieve accurate forecasting, innovation and reform and promoting the development of numerical forecasting systems are the only way to go.
innovation, expand territory in a new field. With the support of the integrated monitoring station network in the world, in 2019, the Space Weather Center began to build my country's first generation of space weather "full link" primary numerical forecasting business platform to create a new intelligent space weather forecasting business system. At present, the system framework design and demand analysis have passed the review. The team will continue to improve and fully apply artificial intelligence methods such as big data technology, machine learning and deep learning to forecast modeling and analysis, and continuously improve the quantitative forecasting level of space weather.
reform, integrate resources and coordinate research. How to gather internal and external forces to a greater extent and work together to solve the pain points and difficulties that restrict the development of space weather forecasts? The Space Weather Center has started with the reform of the mechanism and system. In January this year, the National Space Weather Forecasting Station was rebuilt into a Space Weather Forecasting Station and a Space Weather Technology R&D Office, which changed the situation of individual combat in the past. With the help of the resources and strength of the National Satellite Meteorological Center, it optimized and reconstructed the business operation architecture to integrate it into the satellite meteorological platform.
forms a professional global space weather service system
"As of October 29, 2016, the solar activity level was low, and the possibility of flares above M level was low..." At the beginning of the launch mission of " Tiangong No. 2 ", space weather reports including space debris collisions, high-level atmospheric resistance, high-energy charged particles, and ionosphere disturbances were sent to the decision-making department. With the continuous development of the aerospace industry, space weather forecasting services are also expanding their territory, constantly exploring new forecast elements to meet the new needs of the aerospace industry.
Over the past decade, the Space Weather Center has continuously optimized the professional space weather service business structure, effectively guaranteed the safety of professional fields such as aerospace and aviation, assisted in disaster prevention, reduction and relief, and served the national economic and social development.
On November 16, 2021, the Space Weather Center officially joined the ICAO Global Space Weather Center duty sequence, mainly responsible for the monitoring, forecasting of global space weather and the production of basic civil aviation space weather products, providing guarantees for safe flight of global civil aviation. This also marks that China's Space Weather has deeply participated in matters related to the international space weather field and has mastered the right to speak in the international space weather field.
Space Weather Center is also constantly innovating and promoting popular science methods, expanding the coverage of popular science, opening the China Weather Network Space Weather Channel, Space Weather Weibo, and Space Weather WeChat official account. Relying on the advantages of business and platform, it uses the space weather website, China Meteorological Science and Technology Exhibition Hall , etc. to display space debris, aviation radiation and other related professional knowledge to the public in real time, filling the gap in domestic popular science products... This series of measures has made space weather no longer a castle in the sky far away, but it has slowly unveiled the mystery to the public.
continues to develop and strive forever. On April 28, the State Council issued the "Outline for High-Quality Meteorological Development (2022-2035)", with high-level deployment and precise guidance, requiring the development of spatial weather disaster monitoring, forecasting and early warnings such as solar storm , earth space storm, and strengthening the capacity building of space weather centers. Based on the new development stage, the Space Weather Center will anchor its goal and continue to write a new chapter in high-quality development .
China Meteorological Administration Xuanke Center (China Meteorological News Agency) Produced by
Author: Zhang Yibo
Editor: Zhang Linhao Gu Xingyue Wanxia
Review: Duan Haoshu
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-