Mars, the red planet, has always been the object of human interstellar immigration. Especially in recent decades, with the continuous in-depth exploration of Mars by humans, people's yearning for Mars has become increasingly aroused, especially the discovery of a large amount of

Mars , the red planet has always been the object of human interstellar immigration . Especially in recent decades, with the continuous in-depth exploration of Mars by humans, people's yearning for Mars has become increasingly aroused, especially the discovery of a large amount of liquid water under the ice cap on the polar regions of Mars, which has made it possible to colonize Mars in the future!

In the solar system, Mars is the planet with the most similar environment to the Earth, but it is only relative to other planets. Mars has a day similar to Earth, and the four seasons on Mars are also distinct, very similar to Earth. Also, relatively speaking, the distance between Mars and Earth is also relatively close.

However, compared with the nearly perfect earth, Mars is still a dead and purgatory planet.

First of all, there is almost no atmosphere on Mars. Since the Martian core has stopped moving, there is no magnetic field protection, which means that various meteorites and high-energy cosmic rays can drive in and directly cause damage to Mars.

Therefore, there is little possibility of life on the surface of Mars. If humans want to settle on Mars, they must transform the environment on the surface of Mars and make it earthed.

The first thing to do is to heat up Mars. The average temperature on the surface of Mars is only minus 55 degrees Celsius, and such a low temperature is not suitable for long-term settlement.

There are many ways to heat Mars up, and the most direct and relatively simple method is to heat Mars up by emitting greenhouse gases. This method has been constantly trying on Earth.

On the earth, we hate greenhouse gas , it may become a treasure on Mars. A large number of factories can be built on Mars, and greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide can be continuously emitted, which can make Mars warm.

However, it cannot be achieved overnight to heat up Mars, and it will take hundreds of years to make some changes. Scientists estimate that after a hundred years of warming up Mars, most areas of Mars are still very cold, only the equatorial areas are relatively warm, and most of the earth is not suitable for plant growth.

But we can try to plant some drought-tolerant plants on Mars, such as mosses. Moss can not only produce oxygen through photosynthesis, but also erode the rocks on the surface of Mars, turning them into fertile soil, providing a place for more plants to grow in the future.

While the temperature is slowly increasing, other drought-tolerant plants, such as shrubs, coniferous forests, , etc. can be tried to plant on Mars, which will make the Martian soil more fertile and at the same time create more oxygen .

All of this is a long process, and it takes generations or even dozens of generations to achieve results. It can be foreseeable that the first few batches of Mars pioneers will definitely face unimaginable difficulties and dangers, and may even die because of this.

But no matter what difficulties, they cannot stop humans' dream of colonizing Mars, because humans are not only the earth civilization, but also the cosmic civilization. Colonizing Mars is the first step for humans to move towards cosmic civilization!