Yunnan’s biodiversity stems from Yunnan’s unique geomorphic complexity

Yunnan is located in the southwestern border of China. It is the radiating center facing West Asia, South Asia, and Southeast Asia. The northwest corner is the high mountain glacier of Shangri-La, and the south is the tropical rain forest of Xishuangbanna. The mountains are high and deep, the climate is diverse, and the vegetation is rich. Diversity also gave birth to the reputation of Yunnan's "plant kingdom" and "animal kingdom". These biodiversity are all derived from Yunnan's unique geomorphic complexity. Using the "stereoscopic observation" of "photogrammetry" can see the complexity of Yunnan's topography.

Meteorite landform of Yunnan Dinosaur Mountain

Yunnan triangular landform

Yunnan Xichou Karst karst landform

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Meteorite landform of Dinosaur Mountain in Yunnan

Photogrammetry is an information science through the acquisition, processing and expression of results of image research information. It is a research field of remote sensing science. The main purpose of photogrammetry is topographic surveying and mapping. . Since the birth of photogrammetry, "stereoscopic observation" has been an important technology of photogrammetry. Because of "stereoscopic observation", photogrammetry can become a science, and all the key issues and core technologies of photogrammetry have " Stereoscopic observation" figure. When two cameras take pictures of the same target from different angles, the resulting overlapping images are called a stereo pair. Arrange the two images of the stereo pair side by side so that the left eye looks at the left image and the right eye looks at the right image. The stereoscopic visual effect of the target is called stereoscopic observation, also called dual-image observation. Stereoscopic observation requires two eyes to see a picture, which is usually called split image. This is contrary to our usual instinct to see objects where the eyes meet and gaze. Therefore, we need to take necessary measures to achieve the purpose of split image. The current methods of image separation mainly include: image separation stereo observation, complementary color method (usually seen in red and green films), shutter method, and polarized light method.

Yunnan Dinosaur Mountain meteorite landform "3D image pair"

Yunnan Tengchong volcanic landform "3D image pair"

Yunnan Tengchong volcanic landform "p0 image pair" img3p

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The "three-dimensional image pair" of the lake fault landform

The landform is the appearance of various forms on the earth’s surface,Also called terrain. The landforms are diverse and have different causes. They are the result of the geological action of the earth's internal and external forces. The geological action of internal forces caused the ups and downs of the earth's surface, which controlled the outline of the distribution of sea and land, and the geographical configuration of mountains, plateaus, basins and plains determined the structure of the landform. External forces such as flowing water, wind, solar radiation energy, the growth of the atmosphere and organisms, and human activities act on the geology in a variety of ways, continuously weathering, denuding, transporting and accumulating, thus forming various forms of the ground.

"Three-dimensional image pair" of the first gulf of the Yangtze River in Yunnan

"Three-dimensional image pair" of the first gulf of the Yangtze River in Yunnan

From the relationship between morphology and horizontal plane, the landforms are divided into positive landforms and negative landforms. The positive landforms are "protruding", such as hills and ridges. Negative landforms are "recessed", such as basins and valleys. But the positive and negative landforms also have me in you and you in me, such as the crater in the volcanic cone, the small mountain peaks in the basin, etc.

Yunnan Puzhehei Karst Karst "3D Image Pair"

Yunnan Puzhehei Karst Karst "3D Image Pair"

Yunnan Puzhehei Karst Karst Landform "3D Image Pair"

"Three-dimensional image pair" of karst landforms in Puzhehei, Yunnan

From the perspective of the formation process of landforms, it can be broadly divided into natural landforms and artificial landforms.

Yunnan Haba Snow Mountain Glacier Landform "3D Image Pair"

Yunnan Yulong Snow Mountain Glacier Landform "3D Image Pair"

Yunnan Yulong Snow Mountain Glacier Landform

3p "3D Image Pair" Roughly tectonic landform,Flowing water landforms, karst landforms (also called karst landforms), denuded landforms, glacial landforms, etc. It can also continue to be classified in the past, such as structural landforms can be divided into: meteorite landforms, volcanic landforms, fold landforms, fault landforms, etc.

Artificial landforms are divided into agricultural landforms and mechanical landforms. Agricultural landforms, such as terraces, terraces, etc., mechanically constructed landforms mainly refer to artificial landforms that use large-scale mechanical operations to change the natural form of the surface, such as open-pit mines, dams, etc.

The author's hometown agricultural landform "3D image pair"

The author's hometown agricultural landform "3D image pair"

The author's hometown agricultural landform "3D image pair" img22

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"Three-dimensional image pair"

There are also many classification methods for dividing landforms, such as hot and humid climate landforms, arid climate landforms, etc. according to climate types. Each landform is the result of a variety of internal and external forces, and is a product of the unity of opposites between a variety of internal and external force processes.

"Three-dimensional image pair" of mechanically built landform in Yuxi, Yunnan

"Three-dimensional image pair" of mechanically built landform of Shangri-La, Yunnan

"3p3p3p img pair of mechanically built landforms in Yunnan Lijiang

img" Kunming mechanically constructed landform "stereo image pair"

Yunnan Changshui Airport mechanically constructed landform "stereo image pair"

According to different scale , on the topographic map surveyed, 2span main landform morphology_span Expressed by contour lines, the denser the contour lines, the steeper the slope; the sparse contour lines, the slower the slope. If the contours cannot express the landforms, use the landform symbols to express them. Therefore, the landform symbols are:

Independent micro-topography: pits, melting buckets, solitary peaks, gorges, etc.

Regional micro-topography: rocky land, remnant hilly land, cracked land, etc.

Catastrophic terrain: gullies, rain cracks, landslides, cliffs , etc.

Ice and snow micro terrain: ice crevices, ice cliffs, ice towers, etc.

I also made a few "three-dimensional image pairs" in Yunnan to congratulate the victory of COP15 . From these "three-dimensional image pairs" we can "get a glimpse" of the complexity of Yunnan's landforms. It is the complexity of these landforms that have created our magical and beautiful Yunnan! Form a unique biodiversity.

"Three-dimensional image pair" of tropical rainforest landforms in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan

Netizens, have you "stereoscopically observed" Yunnan's complex landforms?

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