Mr. Huang, 55 years old, is a senior engineer at a technology company. He lives a 996 life every day. Last night, he arrived home from get off work three hours later than usual. Although Mrs. Huang had already fallen asleep, seeing that her husband had just come back, she still got up and asked him if he was hungry, and made him a midnight snack.
Mr. Huang was so tired after having a midnight snack that he fell asleep. Within half an hour, developed dizziness, headache, difficulty breathing, chest tightness, and severe heart tearing pain. Then, he fell into a coma. Upon seeing this, Mrs. Huang hurriedly called 120.
After Mr. Huang was sent to the emergency hospital, doctors diagnosed him as acute myocardial infarction through electrocardiogram and cardiac color ultrasound. After 8 hours of rescue, the rescue was still ineffective!
According to Mrs. Huang’s statement, Mr. Huang was a very serious person at work and often didn’t get home until midnight. A few years ago, he had been hospitalized for ischemic heart disease. Unexpectedly, Mr. Huang’s sudden death was caused by his long hours of work, which caused serious physical overload.
The doctor also emphasized that there are obvious signs that can be known when a myocardial infarction occurs. He also reminded middle-aged and elderly people to do as little as possible these 4 things before going to bed. Otherwise, it will easily lead to an acute myocardial infarction, which will seriously threaten their lives!
1. What is acute myocardial infarction? What causes it?
Acute myocardial infarction refers to a phenomenon in which the coronary arteries in the heart are acutely blocked, resulting in persistent ischemia , resulting in myocardial infarction.
For people at high risk of myocardial infarction, especially those with severe hypertension and ischemic heart disease, if the examination report indicates "increase or elevation of ST segment ", or the value of myocardial enzyme blood draw is obviously high, you must be more vigilant at this time, and take intervention measures as early as possible to prevent sudden attacks of myocardial infarction.
So what is the cause of acute myocardial infarction? According to the common causes, it can be divided into the following three types:
1. Reduced coronary artery perfusion
The coronary artery is the only important artery in the heart that can transport oxygen and nutrients to the myocardium. is mainly composed of the left coronary artery, circumflex branch, right coronary artery and its main branches.
When patients have long-term bad living habits, such as eating too much high-oil, high-sugar foods, the concentration of fat and glucose in the blood will increase , which will lead to inflammation and damage of vascular endothelial cells , and promote atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries. When coronary artery sclerosis symptoms become more severe, it may cause plaques to form, causing the lumen to become narrower , causing sluggish blood flow in the coronary arteries, and ultimately causing the coronary arteries to be unable to smoothly transport oxygen and nutrients exchanged from the systemic circulation and pulmonary circulation to the myocardium.
Therefore, myocardium will experience severe ischemia. When the myocardium cannot receive oxygen and required nutrients for a long time, will cause large-area infarction of the myocardium, which is myocardial infarction .
2. Insufficient oxygen supply to the myocardium
In the red blood cells of the blood, there is a special protein called hemoglobin. Its main function is to combine with oxygen and transport the oxygen in the red blood cells to the cells and tissues of the body through the blood circulation .
When a patient is deficient in iron, vitamin B9 (folic acid), and vitamin B12, it will cause iron deficiency anemia and megaloblastic anemia and other diseases, resulting in reduced hemoglobin production, resulting in a decrease in the oxygen-carrying function of red blood cells, resulting in an insufficient supply of oxygen in the patient's body.
When red blood cells lacking hemoglobin reach the myocardium through blood circulation, they contain insufficient oxygen. Therefore, the myocardium cannot receive sufficient oxygen supply, which will cause insufficient oxygen supply to the myocardium, leading to large-scale infarction of the myocardium.
3. Myocardial oxygen consumption is too high
Myocardial oxygen consumption refers to the amount of oxygen consumed by the myocardium per unit time. The patient's mood will directly affect the oxygen consumption of the myocardium. Therefore, it is necessary to be less angry and maintain a stable mentality in order to effectively maintain the stable consumption of myocardial oxygen and maintain the health of the myocardium.
There is another situation, when the patient is in extreme fatigue. For example, after working overtime for a long time, in order for the body to allow the brain to think and function normally, the oxygen consumption of the myocardium will continue to increase, which will also increase the risk of myocardial infarction!
Therefore, long-term overtime work is an important cause of acute myocardial infarction. Therefore, after overuse of the brain, or high-intensity labor work for more than 1-2 hours, be sure to let yourself rest for 30 minutes before continuing to work . Otherwise, long-term myocardial oxygen consumption will be too high, which will easily lead to the incidence of acute myocardial infarction, which will seriously threaten life safety.
2. What are the signs before acute myocardial infarction occurs?
Before acute myocardial infarction occurs, patients can actually know it in advance through the following three signs and make early preparations for prevention:
1. Chest discomfort
Among patients with acute myocardial infarction, 50-80% of patients will obviously feel chest discomfort and other symptoms 5-7 days before the attack.
This may be because during an acute myocardial infarction, the degree of myocardial ischemia in the body has reached a certain stage, causing the patient's myocardial ischemia to cause myocardial cells to produce some metabolic substances, such as lactic acid, phosphate , peptides and other substances. These substances, , will stimulate the autonomic nerves of the heart through the sympathetic nerves , of the chest and are transmitted to the brain, causing pain. Therefore, when patients often experience symptoms of chest discomfort, they must have a high degree of acuity and suspect that it may be a precursor to acute myocardial infarction, so they must pay attention.
2. Precordial pain
Precordial pain is a very obvious sign before acute myocardial infarction. The location of the precordial attack in patients with is usually located on both sides of the sternum and the second to fifth ribs.
The cause of precordial pain in 70-75% of patients is that during an acute angina pectoris attack, pain radiates to the precordial area, causing pain. In some patients, it is because before an acute myocardial infarction, , white blood cells in the body will increase significantly, causing inflammation and swelling of the myocardium and surrounding tissues, leading to precordial pain.
Every patient feels differently about pain in the precordial area. It can manifest as a knife-like sensation or severe pressure. The time of onset of pain is usually when waking up in the morning or after eating dinner in the evening. The most obvious feeling is.
3. The frequency of angina pectoris increases
Angina pectoris is caused by coronary atherosclerosis, which causes an imbalance in the normal oxygen supply of the myocardium, resulting in the clinical syndrome of myocardial ischemia. Typical clinical symptoms are chest tightness, shortness of breath, chest pain, fatigue, etc.
If the patient has had a history of angina pectoris, which has resulted in large-area myocardial ischemia, the nature, extent, and duration of the angina pectoris may be worse than before. Even angina pectoris drugs such as nitroglycerin are taken sublingually, and the symptoms persist for 30 minutes, but the symptoms are still not improved, and the pain is even more severe. produces more severe symptoms of bradycardia , or low blood pressure, and may even be accompanied by a sense of impending death . In this case, the possibility of myocardial infarction is greater.
Therefore, if a patient with angina pectoris finds that his recent attacks are more frequent than before, or even the symptoms are getting more severe, he should be alerted to the risk of myocardial infarction and seek medical treatment as soon as possible.
3. What 4 things should you avoid doing before going to bed to prevent the onset of acute myocardial infarction?
1. Do not eat too greasy food before going to bed.
As the body ages slowly, the organs gradually decline, which affects the normal metabolism function of the body. It is easy for blood lipids to accumulate in blood vessels, causing blood vessel blockage and leading to dysfunction of blood circulation. If middle-aged and elderly people are accustomed to eating too greasy meals before going to bed, which contain too much fat, the small intestine will still be decomposing fat after falling asleep, causing too much blood to remain in the small intestine , thus causing insufficient blood supply to the heart.
Middle-aged and elderly people have poor blood circulation. In addition, blood circulation affects the small intestine, so it is more likely to cause myocardial ischemia and acute myocardial infarction.
Therefore, it is generally recommended that middle-aged and elderly people try to eat around 18-19 o'clock at night. This will give the stomach and intestines enough time to digest food, which can effectively prevent the risk of myocardial infarction due to insufficient blood supply to the heart caused by eating too much food before going to bed.
2. Do not exercise vigorously before going to bed
Many middle-aged and elderly people, because they suffer from sleep disorders, will do vigorous exercise before going to bed, making the body more prone to fatigue and falling asleep faster. This approach is very unhealthy, because too intense exercise before going to bed will induce sympathetic nerve excitement, which will not only fail to help you fall asleep faster, but may also aggravate the symptoms of insomnia.
In addition, excessive exercise before going to bed will cause a large increase in the amount of exercise of the heart, causing the heart to contract more violently. If the heart function is not very good in middle-aged and elderly people, it will cause acute coronary artery rupture.
Therefore, it is not recommended that middle-aged and elderly people do too strenuous exercise before going to bed. You can choose to do some milder exercise during the day or at night after meals, such as walking in the park or brisk walking. In addition to helping the gastrointestinal digestion, it can also avoid the onset of acute myocardial infarction caused by excessive heart contraction.
3. Avoid getting too excited before going to bed.
Among modern middle-aged and elderly people, some people pursue fashion and watch a lot of TV series before going to bed. The plots of some TV series may make people too emotional or too excited. However, if the body is in such a state for a long time, it will be very harmful to the heart.
Because if the emotion is too excited, will cause the sympathetic nervous system to become severely excited, which will instead accelerate the arterial blood flow throughout the body, and affect the normal blood supply of the coronary arteries, thereby causing myocardial ischemia and leading to myocardial infarction, especially for patients with underlying heart diseases!
Therefore, middle-aged and elderly people must keep their emotions stable and avoid being too excited before going to bed, so as to maintain normal blood flow in the coronary arteries, maintain the health of the myocardium, and prevent myocardial infarction.
4. Avoid smoking before going to bed
Some middle-aged and elderly people smoke cigarettes before going to bed to relax their mood and relax their minds. This approach is very incorrect because cigarettes contain a large amount of nicotine, which will interact with the body. Dopamine receptors in the brain combine with , causing the central nervous system to be overly excited. This not only causes the patient's own mental state to become more excited, but also causes excessive contraction of the coronary arteries, and even symptoms such as spasm.
When the coronary arteries contract or spasm for a long time, the blood flow of the coronary arteries will not be smooth, leading to myocardial ischemia , and eventually lead to large-area infarction of the myocardium, leading to myocardial infarction.
Therefore, it is not recommended for middle-aged and elderly people to smoke too much cigarettes before going to bed. Not only will it disturb their sleep, it will also increase the chance of myocardial infarction, seriously affecting their health.
Conclusion
Myocardial infarction is a disease that everyone is very afraid of. But in fact, it can be known and prevented in advance through some daily signs. You can even change your living habits to effectively avoid the onset of myocardial infarction!
The purpose of writing this article, is to hope that everyone can face this disease with correct concepts after reading the detailed introduction of this article and various professional knowledge of myocardial infarction!
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