mammography is one of the most commonly used test methods for breast cancer . When hearing the word "molybdenum target", many people will be confused. What is molybdenum target? In fact, the full name of mammography mammography X-ray is breast molybdenum target. Its essence is X-ray imaging, which is similar to the chest x-ray we took, except that its "molybdenum target" refers to the soft X-ray target surface material used to produce breast images. In mammography, breast compression is required to reduce tissue overlap, reduce scattering and improve contrast, while also reducing the dose of irradiation of the breast.
On the report sheet, we often see the following words: structural distortion, lump, calcification and other words. Compared with breast B-ultrasound , breast mammography is the most sensitive to the display of calcification. Let’s take a look at what these words represent.
1. Calcification: Calcification is not a disease, but a manifestation. Calcifications are divided into benign and malignant calcification. Generally speaking, the coarse and scattered are mostly benign calcifications, while some small and dense are mostly malignant calcifications, namely breast cancer.
(1) Look at the calcification pattern:
If there are fine amorphous calcification, linear branched calcification, rough and uneven calcification, etc., it will mostly indicate the possibility of malignancy; if there are eggshell calcification, thick rod-like, round, hollow, suture-like calcification, etc., it will mostly indicate the possibility of benignity.
(2) Look at the calcification distribution
diffuse and scattered calcification, and this distribution method is mostly indicated as benign; calcification in the area and cluster distribution of calcification, benign and malignant can be manifested in both benign and malignant. It should be analyzed in detail in combination with the morphology;
linear distribution is calcified, arranged in linear shape, and branches can be seen, which is mostly indicated as malignant;
segment distribution is calcified, generally speaking, benign calcification can also be distributed in this way, but the proportion of malignant is high.
2. Mass:
If there are regular morphology, circle, ellipse, clear boundaries, etc., it is often indicated as benign.
If there are edge burrs, irregular shapes, unclear boundaries, and deep leaf separation, it will often indicate malignancy.
3. Structural distortion:
As the name suggests, it refers to . The normal structure is distorted, but no clear mass is seen, such as the radial shadow and focal contraction emitted by a point. If it is consistent with the palpation site, the possibility of malignancy must be taken into account. At the same time, breast radiotherapy, surgery, or sclerosis will also show structural distortion.
Sclerotic gonadal disease Surgical scar
Of course, in addition to this, there are descriptions of nipple depression and local skin thickening. However, the diagnosis of breast cancer by mammography is not simply based on a certain manifestation. It requires comprehensive analysis of various imaging manifestations to be judged, and it is also necessary to combine palpation examinations. Finally, we will see the BI-RADS classification in the examination conclusion. The full name of this classification is Breast imaging reporting and data system, which is the "breast image reporting and data system" recommended by the American Radiology Society. The breast lesions are classified through grading to judge the nature of the lesions. They are divided into levels 0-6 in total, as follows.
Although most mammography targets can be initially judged for benign and malignant tendencies, mammography targets are not omnipotent. They also need to combine ultrasound or magnetic resonance, and ultimately rely on pathological diagnosis.
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