Not long ago, Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Lu Lin speculation on the impact of the new crown epidemic on human psychology in the popular science column "Science and Innovation China·Academician's Lecture" received widespread attention. He said that this psychological impact will last for at least 20 years.
He gave a data. Since the outbreak of the new crown epidemic, more than 70 million new patients with depression have been added worldwide, 90 million patients with anxiety, and hundreds of millions of people have insomnia. A recent report released by the World Health Organization also showed that in the first year of the new crown pandemic, the global incidence of anxiety and depression increased significantly by 25%.
Lu Lin reminded in "Academician's Lecture" that the public should be mentally prepared for a long time, regulate their emotions in a timely manner, and ensure sleep. Today I will talk about the sleep problem of the elderly. If the elderly want to avoid illness, they need better sleep. First, find out what are the causes of insomnia in the elderly? Fundamentally solve the problem of insomnia.
The elderly should sleep at least 8 to 9 hours a day. Sleep is an important means to protect the physical and mental health of the elderly and eliminate fatigue. Regular lack of sleep (less than 4 to 5 hours a day) can lead to abnormal activity of central nervous system , especially the cerebral cortex; aggravate various diseases you have suffered; and further promote aging. It will bring endless troubles to the elderly.
is a new and striking problem at present. People over 65 years old, especially men, are prone to apnea when sleeping, which can be shorter or longer for dozens of seconds. Due to apnea, the saturation of oxygen in the blood decreases, and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide increases, which stimulates the respiratory center and restores breathing. This can occur with brain excitement and wake up sleep, which can cause repeated occurrences and insomnia.
lower limb muscles periodically contract, each time of 0.5 to 5 seconds, interval of 20 to 30 seconds, and may occur more than 30 times a night. It feels like itching or discomfort in the gastrocnemius muscle (calves), which often occurs in elderly people. Severely affects sleep.
The sebum layer of the elderly gradually becomes thinner, which makes the skin dry and feel superficial. It can cause itching due to slight external stimulation, which is a major obstacle for the elderly to fall asleep.
The elderly have a shrinking bladder, which is very easy to be full, and at the same time, the contraction is weak, making it difficult to completely drain the urine. In addition, the elderly suffer from prostate hypertrophy, which leads to frequent urination at night and lose sleepiness.
The elderly are often sick and take various drugs frequently. Many drugs can cause insomnia, such as diuretics , antidepressant drugs, foxgloves, and antiarrhythmic drugs, etc.; nasal congestion caused by long-term antihypertensive drugs can also cause insomnia; taking sleeping pills for a long time can produce drug resistance (decreased efficacy) or drug-dependence (addiction) and lose hypnosis effect. On the contrary, once the medication is stopped, it can cause rebound, resulting in more serious insomnia, accompanied by symptoms such as nausea, sweating, muscle tension and mental anxiety.
Sleepless drugs , so as not to inhibit the respiratory center and worsen the symptoms. You should go to the hospital for examination and treatment in time.
Insomnia caused by itching should be prevented and treated according to the causes. In principle, do not take a bath frequently, and do not use alkaline soap and scrub. In addition, after bathing, apply a thin layer of 2% to 5% salicylic acid Vaseline Ointment on the skin . Do not eat foods that are irritating (such as ginger, green onion, chili, etc.) or high content of histamine (such as mackerel , sardine , sardine , snatch fish, etc.). Use 30 grams of Chinese medicine Asarum , Sophora ginseng , Snake bed , mugwort leaves, white fresh peel , decoct in water and scrub to obtain a certain effect .
If insomnia is caused by temporary emotional fluctuations or muscle tension, in order to adjust the sleeping rules, you can take sleeping pills with fast absorption and small side effects in the short term (such as 材文, 最文 , 最文 , etc.). Chinese medicine can be used for Anshen Buxin Pills, etc., all of which have certain sedation and sleepiness effects. The elderly have hypometabolism and drugs are easy to accumulate, so the dosage of sleeping pills should be small and the course of treatment should be short. Different types can be used alternately. For long-term use, you must be guided by a doctor.
adjust the life rhythm and perform physical and mental exercises. Don’t be anxious if you have insomnia, but believe that the body has strong self-regulation ability. Life should be regular, do not drink tea, coffee and other exciting drinks before going to bed; do physical exercise in a planned manner, get up early and take a walk outdoor for 15 minutes, and then do boxing or do aerobics, , martial arts, etc. for 15 minutes; combine work and rest during the day, do not overwork, but you must not do nothing; you can move indoors for several minutes at night; soak your feet in warm water for half an hour before going to bed, and rub your feet with your hands. and other things are beneficial for adjusting central nervous system dysfunction.
Insomnia and organic diseases caused by side effects of drug affect sleep, you should go to the hospital for treatment in time.
Co-author of this article: Liu Shaozong (Deputy Chief Physician)
Editor: Sha Guo
Original article, please do not reprint
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