Do you know?
Every three seconds
There will be one more
Alzheimer's disease
And among the elderly in my country 60 or above
10 million Alzheimer's disease patients https://www.sys.com/ ml2
Related studies show that
Alzheimer's disease has become
Dangerous "killer"
So what stages will healthy people go through to develop into Alzheimer's disease
?
What should I do if I have Alzheimer's disease?
How to prevent Alzheimer's disease in daily life?
Experts in this issue
Xu Zhipeng
Alzheimer's disease
Alzheimer's disease is a type of
Chronic progressive central nervous system degeneration
D resulted from dementia
is the most common cause of dementia
html ml3 is also the most common type of senile dementia
Alzheimer's disease has a slow onset
and hidden
common in 65-year-old -year-old
main characteristics are progressive
Memory disorders, cognitive dysfunction
Personality changes and language disorders, etc.
How many stages will the development of Alzheimer's disease go through?
Asymptomatic period
Patients have begun to have a pathological process of Alzheimer's disease, such as the deposition of amyloid toxic substances related to senile plaques, but there are no symptoms at this time. The time during this period of was about 17-22 years before the symptoms of dementia occurred.
mild cognitive impairment
patients or families realize that there are already some cognitive impairment , such as impaired memory, language, execution and visual spatial abilities, but these have little impact on daily life and work abilities. this period is about 5 years away from the onset of dementia.
dementia onset
patients have affected their daily life ability and social function. They become dementia patients. According to the degree of cognitive damage, they can be divided into three stages: mild, moderate and severe. As the disease progresses, will gradually develop from mild to moderate and severe, until the patient dies, and the average duration is about 10 years.
Beware! These 10 symptoms may be signs of Alzheimer's disease
If the elderly at home experience the following ten signs, be sure to pay attention to it and go to the memory clinic of in time for treatment in the general hospital.
Memory is declining day by day
For example, if you forget what you just said or done, you will forget in a blink of an eye, but you can clearly remember the past things, which is manifested as a characteristic phenomenon of forgetting recent events.
There are difficulties in expressing language
When communicating with people, it is easy to forget simple words, it is difficult to make words and sentences, and what you say is difficult to understand.
It is difficult to do things that were familiar before
It is difficult to complete more familiar tasks at home, at work or in leisure activities, and it is difficult to do daily housework. I forgot how to cook, add condiments repeatedly to cook, and I do not know how to use common household appliances.
Time and location Directional force obstacle
Usually I can't remember the exact date, can't remember the floor where I live, etc.
judging ability declines
I don’t know whether to judge the right or wrong of things, and even have difficulty crossing the road, so I cannot add or remove clothes according to climate change.
3 things are misplaced
For example, put shoes in the closet and put the iron into the washing machine.
abstract thinking and understanding decline
For example, if you can't keep up with the idea of chatting with others, or you cannot pay water and electricity bills accurately on time and accurately.
Emotion and personality change
Emotion may become moody, like to lose your temper, or remain silent, and your personality becomes more suspicious and prone to stubbornness.
There are problems with processing images or spatial relationships
For example, when reading, it is difficult to determine the distance, determine the color or compare, and you may even be unable to understand that you are the person in the mirror.
loses initiative
has no interest in previous hobbies and is unwilling to think more, and social activities are retreating.
What are the risk factors for the onset of Alzheimer's disease?
The main risk factor for Alzheimer's disease is aging.
received less education, hearing loss, smoking, hypertension, obesity, lack of exercise, loneliness and poor socialization, depression, diabetes, is related to 34% of cases of dementia.
Among them, early education is less affected by 7%; middle-aged hearing loss is 8%; smoking is 5%.
Another 3 new risk factors are associated with 6% of cases of dementia, namely head injury, excessive drinking and exposure to air pollution.
In my country, low early education level, high blood pressure, insufficient physical activity, obesity, smoking, and hearing loss have the greatest impact on Alzheimer's disease.
How can family members better care for patients with Alzheimer's disease?
Daily Care
Clothes--- Help take away clothes that are not worn frequently, prepare comfortable and easy-to-wear and take off clothes and shoes;
Food--- Try to fix meal time to ensure that the food is healthy and easy to digest;
House---Entertain the activity area unobstructed, pay attention to restricting the use of electrical appliances and other dangerous goods;
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makeup-- Pay attention to personal oral cleaning, and dress up the elderly if necessary;
bath--- Try to fix the bath time, pay attention to the safety of the bathroom, maintain dignity and privacy;
stool-- You should fix the time of drinking water and going to the toilet, and pay attention to whether there are any signs of wanting to go to the toilet;
sleep-- Activities are arranged during the day, and the habit of going to bed early at night, pay attention to the quiet environment and suitable light.
Nursing to overcome memory disorders
- Arrange the daily things patients should do every day in a certain order. Use small notes, calendars, alarm clock, and other reminder items to help restore memory.
- Mark common furniture and items at home, such as indicating the direction and name.
- carry memos and record phone number, name, thoughts, etc. at any time.
- Participate more activities such as dancing, singing, reading, crossword games, drawing, etc. Continuous memory stimulation can slow down the progress of the disease.
Communication disorders care
When talking to patients, avoid external noise interference, look at the patient, smile often, speak as simple and direct as possible, and only say one thing at a time. Try not to use questions, speak slowly, and be patient in answering. If the patient does not understand, you can remind the patient more, but do not pretend to understand, be patient and repeat more. You can use body language to help comfort, encourage and praise in a timely manner with physical pictures and photos.
How to treat Alzheimer's disease?
General treatment
Through effective care, such as family companionship, timely cleaning and hygiene, etc., we should prevent accidents such as falling injuries, not returning home from going out as much as possible, and strengthen psychological communication and support.
drug treatment
includes cognitive function improvement, as well as mental behavioral treatment. Commonly used drugs for cognitive function are now include acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and NMDA receptor antagonists; antidepressants and antipsychotic drugs can be used for psycho-behavior treatment.
rehabilitation treatment
methods include memory therapy, recognition therapy, music therapy , etc. Carers can be trained and supported, and pay attention to formulating individualized cognitive intervention plans based on the patient's interests, cognition, physical strength, etc. Pay attention to ensuring sufficient nutrients and avoid foods such as high sugar and high saturated fatty acids.
How to prevent Alzheimer's disease in daily life?
Alzheimer's Some risk factors cannot be interfered with, such as genetics, gender and aging. But there are more risk factors. Through efforts, intervention and control can be carried out, which can reduce the risk of AD:
❶ Pay attention to cultivating multiple interests, strengthening learning, and increasing personal brain cognitive reserves;
❷ It is necessary to avoid head trauma;
❸ Reduce bad habits and quit smoking and drinking;
❹ Actively treat and control common chronic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension;
❺❺ Adhere to more exercise and pay attention to controlling your weight within the normal range;
❻ Ensure regular daily life and maintain good and adequate sleep;
❼ Try to reduce psychological pressure, keep a happy mood, positive and optimistic mood;
❽ Encourage more social activities and maintain good interpersonal relationships;
❾ The diet should be reasonable and balanced. You can appropriately supplement amino acid , protein , essential fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids, vitamin B12, folic acid , trace elements iodine, zinc, calcium and other brain-enhancing and intellectual substances.
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