September 21, 2022 is the 29th World Alzheimer's Day . This year's theme is "Know your enemy, be careful, be smart, and work together toward the future." Many people may not be familiar with Alzheimer's disease , but they have heard of Alzheimer's disease . Many young people even show "bad memory" and will ridicule themselves as "Alzheimer's disease". Today, Huashang Daily-Ersanli Information invited Mi Wanjun, attending physician of the Department of Neurology at Weinan Central Hospital, to give you a popular knowledge about Alzheimer's disease.
Reporter: What is Alzheimer's disease
Doctor : Alzheimer's disease is commonly known as senile dementia . It occurs in the elderly and early age. It is a degenerative disease of central nervous system . Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of senile dementia.
World Health Organization estimates that among the elderly over 65 years old, the incidence of Alzheimer's disease is 4% to 7%. For every 6.1 years of age, the prevalence will double and the prevalence will double; among the elderly over 85 years old, it can reach 20% to 30%. In 2001, there will be more than 20 million patients with Alzheimer's disease worldwide, and it is estimated that it will exceed 80 million by 2040. There will be about 15 million dementia patients in my country over 60 years old, of which 10 million are patients with Alzheimer's disease.
Reporter: What are the symptoms of this disease in addition to the often mentioned poor memory?
Doctor Mi : In fact, there are ten major red flags for Alzheimer's disease. The first is the gradual decline of memory, especially the decline of memory in recent times. For example, the elderly cannot remember what has just happened. As the disease develops, the memory in the distance gradually decreases, and cannot remember what has happened before, which affects daily life.
The second is that there is difficulty in dealing with familiar things; the third is that there is difficulty in language expression, repetition of words or slower words than before; the fourth is that time, place and characters are becoming increasingly confused, and it is difficult to tell what month and day, where home is, or where you are now; the fifth is that your judgment is gradually declining, such as wearing a cotton jacket in summer; the sixth is that your ability to understand or arrange some things has decreased; the seventh is that things often put things in inappropriate places; the eighth is that your emotional behavior is abnormal, and the patient is irritable, irritable, selfish, etc.; the ninth personality will also change, introverts may suddenly become extroverts, and extroverts may become introverts; and finally there is a loss of initiative to do things.
Reporter: Is there any way to prevent this disease?
Doctor : The prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease must be implemented in early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment, and scientific prevention is very serious. There are two main risk factors for Alzheimer's disease. On the one hand, there are some unchangeable factors. For example, age, women, and ApoE-4 are all unchangeable risk factors, but "hypercholesterolemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, diabetes , hypertension , brain trauma , psychost stress, abdominal obesity, smoking, and drinking alcohol a lot" are all changing risk factors.
So it is recommended that when you find that your family members have "ten major danger signals", go to a regular hospital as soon as possible. At the same time, for the families or caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease, you must have enough patience and care, take good care of the elderly, especially to prevent accidents such as missing and falling.
Reporter Xing Xuexue Editor Guo Qiaona Li Yue
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