Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases is a common disease in middle-aged and elderly people over 50 years old. It has the characteristics of high prevalence, high disability and high mortality. The latest data from the National Cardiovascular Center shows that the number of cardiovascular diseases in China is about 330 million, including stroke 13 million and coronary heart disease 11.39 million.
September 29, 2022 is the 23rd World Heart Day . Boston Science and Baidu Index officially released the "2022 Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Health Trend Report". The report
shows that from the perspective of gender characteristics, women pay more attention to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health; from the perspective of age characteristics, netizens' attention generally shows a trend of younger age, especially those aged 18-24 have the highest attention to coronary heart disease and stroke ; from the perspective of regional distribution, third- and fourth-tier cities have a low attention to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health, and the Northeast region ranks the bottom, and the attention needs to be improved urgently.
Women are more concerned about cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health, and the incidence of patients is showing a trend of younger patients
The report uses the Baidu index search big data from June 2021 to May 2022 as a sample, and displays the "sentient beings" of netizens who are currently paying attention to coronary heart disease and stroke.
From the perspective of medical research in recent years, there are special characteristics of women's physiological characteristics, drug metabolism, and clinical manifestations of cardiovascular diseases. Women's menarche, pregnancy, menopause, etc. are closely related to the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD).
Therefore, Liu Meilin, chief physician and professor of the Department of Geriatrics at the First Hospital of Peking University, said that cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of death and disability in women. "Menophobia is a unique risk factor for CVD in women. As they age, estrogen in women during menopause gradually decreases, and the risk of cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular events increases. Therefore, improving women's health awareness and increasing awareness of CVD and harm is of great significance to improving women's own health status and maintaining the health of family members." Liu Meilin said.
In response to the trend of netizens' attention in the report, Ji Xunming, chief physician and vice president of the Department of Neurosurgery at Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, believes that coronary heart disease or stroke is not "exclusive to the elderly" and does not have nothing to do with young people.
He pointed out that in fact, judging from clinical experience in recent years, the number of patients with coronary heart disease and stroke has shown a clear trend of younger age. This is not unrelated to the lifestyle of young people who have reduced exercise, staying up late and always have insomnia, mental stress and emotional fluctuations, and binge eating from time to time. These bad living habits and the tendency of the younger generation of the "three highs" will give the attack of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases "an opportunity to take advantage of".
Severe symptoms and mild prevention. Netizens pay attention to three misunderstandings
In order to further clarify the degree of netizens' awareness of coronary heart disease and stroke, the "Report" compared the depth of netizens' cognition of coronary heart disease and stroke respectively horizontally and vertically, and based on this, three more obvious cognitive misunderstandings were found.
First of all, after comparing the search data of other common diseases such as diabetes and hypertension , the report found that although coronary heart disease and stroke are at high risk and at high incidence, the two are not high in the search volume of common diseases, especially the search gap for stroke is large, indicating that netizens' attention to coronary heart disease and stroke needs to be improved.
Secondly, in recent years, when netizens searched for coronary heart disease and stroke, they paid less attention to the prevention of both types of diseases, and the search volume was obviously less than the treatment and rehabilitation after symptoms appeared.
In fact, coronary heart disease and stroke are often preventable and curable. Liu Meilin pointed out that cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease is the primary cause of death and disability in humans. At present, it is necessary to increase the public's attention to the harm of cardiovascular diseases and increase their understanding of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases prevention and treatment.
" dyslipidemia , hypertension, abnormal blood sugar, smoking, obesity and mental psychological factors are variable risk factors. A large amount of epidemiological and clinical research evidence shows that effective intervention for these risk factors can delay the occurrence and development of atherosclerotic lesions and prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events." Liu Meilin said.
From a clinical academic perspective, atrial fibrillation is an important cause of stroke , and anticoagulation treatment is an important preventive measure. Domestic and foreign guidelines recommend that on the basis of maintaining a healthy lifestyle, effectively intervene in the above risk factors and do a good job in preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases.
When netizens search for diseases, they often easily confuse the folk sayings and professional expressions of the disease. Especially in searching for stroke, they show a vague understanding of the types of strokes, and they cannot distinguish the relationship between " cerebral infarction " and "stroke", which can easily lead to deviations in netizens when actively searching for popular science information.
For this reason, the report distinguished the two categories of stroke and popularized the main symptoms of ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke.
Ji Xunming pointed out that head CT examination is faster and more sensitive to hemorrhagic stroke, which is the gold standard for distinguishing hemorrhagic stroke from ischemic stroke. If the examination results do not have bleeding, it may be ischemic stroke and magnetic resonance needs to be further clarified.
Ji Xunming reminds that when any of the symptoms of "difficulty in balance, inability to see clearly, improper face, uneven hands, and ineffective speech", call 120 in time and get treatment nearby as soon as possible. In order to minimize the damage to the disease, you must remain calm. If you have an oxygen bag at home, you should inhale oxygen as soon as possible. Others should not move the patient easily, and do not take medication at will to avoid affecting the diagnosis.
"Survival with illness" has become the norm, and people need to pay more attention to the management of the entire disease course
"Healthy China" construction clearly proposes to shift from "treatment as the center" to "health as the center", and move the barriers to maintaining people's health forward to improve the quality of life of the people. In order to better cultivate and cultivate the public's awareness of protecting cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health, the "Report" not only analyzes the current focus of netizens on coronary heart disease and stroke, but also puts forward guiding opinions on the entire course of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, namely the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation stage of the disease.
Lifestyle intervention and risk factor prevention and control are the key to the cardiovascular disease prevention and control system. To this end, the report introduces prevention and control standards that are easy to learn and highly practical, and calls on everyone to start from daily life and stay away from the "time bomb" of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
In the field of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease treatment that netizens are most concerned about, the Report summarizes three new trends: First, the diversified drug treatments are used, and the current medical progress has provided more effective drug choices for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular patients; second, surgical treatment is minimally invasive, integrating the cross-border advantages of internal and surgical, minimally invasive interventional therapy with small trauma, good results and fast recovery has become the current preferred treatment for cardiovascular diseases; third, disease prevention, especially stroke prevention for patients with atrial fibrillation, the European Society of Cardiology has proposed a complete prevention and treatment system in 2020, including common improvement methods such as taking drugs, as well as preventive procedures such as left atrial appendage closure and radiofrequency ablation, to help patients get rid of the trouble of taking drugs for life or being unable to use drugs.
For the rehabilitation stage that is easily overlooked, the report emphasizes the concept of "survival with illness".
Currently, the average life expectancy in China is 77.93 years, while the average healthy life expectancy is only 68.7 years, and will be in a state of "survival with illness" for more than 9 years. How to improve the quality of life in the "survival with illness" stage, many people in the medical field believe that postoperative rehabilitation of patients with cerebral stroke should be paid attention to. Effective rehabilitation training can reduce patients' functional disability, improve patients' survival satisfaction, accelerate the rehabilitation process of brain stroke, reduce potential nursing costs and save social resources.
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