text/Yangcheng Evening News All-Media Reporter Liu Xinyu
Correspondent Zhen Xiaozhou
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"The incidence rate of Chinese diabetes patients is 12%, and 80% of this large group of patients are combined with overweight obesity." September 9 On the 2022 Academic Committee Meeting of the Guangdong Provincial Key Diabetes Prevention and Control Key Laboratory held in Guangzhou, the new director of the Guangdong Provincial Key Diabetes Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (hereinafter referred to as Zhongshan Third Hospital ) Professor Chen Yanming, the leader of the discipline of endocrine and metabolic diseases, told reporters that relevant data show that weight gain is closely related to the occurrence of diabetes and complications, and the two often come together. And how to effectively prevent "sugar"? She pointed out that obesity management is particularly critical, and weight loss is the best way to do it.
Obesity and diabetes "love and kill each other"
Why does diabetes specifically pick fat people to "bully"?
Early, the research of the team of Academic Committee of the Second Guangdong Key Laboratory of Diabetes Prevention and Control Ningguang Academician Academician (Lancet Diabetes Endo, 2019) suggested that obesity has become one of the most important risk factors for 2 diabetes in China. Obesity-induced insulin resistance has become an important risk factor for Chinese people to develop diabetes. On the basis of the weak β-cell function of Chinese people, the epidemic of obesity and its accompanying insulin resistance have made it "injured" and led to a severe diabetes epidemic situation.
However, the specific mechanisms of obesity that cause insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction remain unknown.
At the meeting, Professor Chen Yanming's team reported the latest research situation, and found that among obese patients with type 2 diabetes, there is a group of special mucosal-related constant T cells (MAIT, which is a type of dependency The content of non-traditional T cells that develop in intestinal bacterial flora, can recognize bacterial metabolites and produce immune responses, was significantly increased, and was positively correlated with the level of glycated hemoglobin . The team further confirmed that this is a symbiont that translocates from the intestine and causes activation of this population of MAIT cells, and that the symbiont is significantly enriched in the plasma of obese and type 2 diabetes patients.
Based on the above results, the team believes that the leak in the gut present in obese people causes the displaced intestinal symbionts to induce immune disorders, which increases the subpopulation of MAIT cells that produce IL-17A, and ultimately induces diabetes.
This original study has been published in the high-level international journal Cellular Molecular Immunology (2022 Impact Factor 22.096, JCR Zone Q1 of the Chinese Academy of Sciences), explaining the abnormal intestinal-microbiome- The immune axis participates in the molecular mechanism of sugar metabolism disorder , providing new intervention targets for the prevention and treatment of obesity-related type 2 diabetes.
Prevention and treatment of diabetes starts with weight loss, but not everyone can do weight loss surgery
Although it has been found that the human intestinal flora is closely related to the occurrence of metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes, obesity leads to bacterial leakage The causes of the aggravation and the treatment methods for intestinal leakage are still to be studied. Professor Chen Yanming said: "The best way to prevent obesity and diabetes is to lose weight. When the weight is lost, the patient's fat accumulation will decrease, which plays an important role in improving the microenvironment in the body and improving the body's function."
She introduced that for patients with particularly severe obesity, the Endocrinology Department Team of Zhongshan Third Hospital carried out a "3+N" multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment model, established the full process management of preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative metabolic surgery, and successfully established a perimeter Nutritional metabolism management system during the surgical period, a complete surgical patient follow-up system and clinical sample library are established to establish a foundation for subsequent research.
However, none of everyone can do weight loss surgery. Professor Chen Yanming said that obese patients with a body mass index (BMI) exceeding 37.5 or more than 32.5 and with one complication can consider weight loss surgery, while the general population who is slightly "full" should start from daily diet and life. weight.
It is reported that the meeting also issued appointment letters to members of the new academic committee of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetes Prevention and Control lab honorary director and director. Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to the School of Medicine of Shanghai Jiaotong University Academician Ning Guang serves as the director of the Academic Committee of the Key Laboratory, and Sun Yat-sen University Vice President Xiao Haipeng and Professor Chen Yanming of the Third Hospital of Zhongshan serves as the deputy director of the Academic Committee. Professor Zeng Longyi of Zhongshan Third Hospital serves as honorary director of the laboratory, and Professor Chen Yanming serves as director of the laboratory. The Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diabetes Prevention and Control was built in 2012 with the approval of the Guangdong Provincial Department of Science and Technology and was set up in Zhongshan Third Hospital. Professor Chen Yanming introduced that the next research directions of key laboratories in the future are mainly basic diabetes, clinical and translational medicine research, etc., in order to overcome more diabetes problems. (For more news, please follow Yangchengpai pai.ycwb.com)
source | Yangcheng Evening News·Yangchengpai
Editor | Sun Wei
