Hepatitis B is included in the management of Class B infectious diseases in my country. Unfortunately, if you are infected with the hepatitis B virus, you will be a hepatitis B virus carrier during the immune tolerance period. When the immune tolerance period breaks and you become a hepatitis B patient, you must receive timely antiviral treatment.
According to WHO estimates, there are about 70 million people with hepatitis B in my country, and about 230 million people worldwide with hepatitis B. More than 140 people die every year in the world due to hepatitis B, or hepatitis B causes complications or induces liver cancer Ten thousand.
Hepatitis B virus exists widely in nature, and its favorite place is the human liver. It is also called "hepatotropic virus". At present, the main ways in which hepatitis B virus is transmitted to humans are mother-to-child vertical transmission, blood exposure and intimate contact between men and women.
Hepatitis B virus enters the human body and quickly combines with the nucleus of liver cells to generate a covalent, ring-packed, closed and long-lived hepatitis B virus parent , called "cccDNA". If the hepatitis B virus and the probiotics that exist in large quantities in the human intestine The same as the group, there is actually no harm. The key is that , the human immune system, and , identify the hepatitis B virus as "bad elements" and take action to eliminate them. Since the hepatitis B virus and liver cells are closely combined, while killing the hepatitis B virus, it also damages the liver cells. The glutathione enzyme and glutamic enzyme present in the liver cells penetrate into the blood one after another. Blood tests will find that the values change positively, indicating that the liver Damage, hepatitis attacks.
Hepatitis B has not yet been conquered. In the fight against hepatitis B, people have "four unexpected things":
1. Unexpectedly, the hepatitis B virus has a simple structure, but it is difficult to get rid of once it is stained. The hepatitis B virus combines with the nucleus of liver cells to form After the hepatitis B virus is in the mother body, it not only hides deeply, but also uses its own template and a large amount of polymerase in the liver to continuously replicate the virus, making it difficult to remove it.
2. Unexpectedly, hepatitis B virus is not as public as plague and new coronavirus, but if the immune balance is broken and people become hepatitis B patients, some people will start the path to liver cirrhosis and liver cancer.
3. Unexpectedly, the hepatitis B virus is very small. Even if 10 to the 8th power of the virus is added together, it is only the size of the head of a chopstick. However, the immune system can only eliminate the replicating virus and is helpless against the parent body of the hepatitis B virus. The result of repeated elimination is recurring hepatitis. .
4. Unexpectedly, the hepatitis B virus has an inconspicuous appearance but is very tenacious. It can survive at least 25-28 days at room temperature, 1 hour in hot water at 60 degrees Celsius, and 5 minutes in boiling water at 100 degrees Celsius.
At present, the mainstream view and practice in the industry is to treat hepatitis B and with Western medicine antiviral treatment, and considerable progress has been made . European and American pharmaceutical companies Gilead, Bristol-Myers Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline, Roche, etc. have made contributions to the development and application of drugs, especially in the fight against hepatitis B's brother, hepatitis C. Recently, the most popular drug is 's antisense oligonucleotide drug , code-named GSK836, which has entered clinical 2B late-stage trials with a functional cure rate of 30%.
Western medicine is the mainstream antiviral treatment. The current drugs mainly include:
interferon , mainly long-acting interferon , including Pegasys, domestic Pegbin , etc.;
nucleotides , mainly first-line nucleoside oral drugs, including TAF, TDF, EDV, and the domestically produced emitenofovir.
Their main functions are: oral drugs inhibit hepatitis B virus replication, interferon activates immune regulation and induces antiviral treatment. Through standard antiviral treatment, it can alleviate the condition and prevent the progression to cirrhosis and liver cancer. However, there are also some shortcomings:
1. The hepatitis B surface antigen negative conversion rate is uneven, about 3%. It is greatly affected by the patient's medication and treatment supervisor, which can easily affect the efficacy.
2. Interferon treatment has many restrictions, is not cheap, and has many side effects. Sometimes you have to take a chance to cure it.
3, nucleoside drugs need to be taken for a long time, and the drug cannot be stopped or discontinued at will, otherwise it will cause drug resistance or rebound.
4. Long-term use of oral drugs may lead to drug resistance. Second-line oral drugs are slowly being eliminated due to high drug resistance rates.
5. Long-term use of oral antiviral drugs may cause kidney damage, osteoporosis , insomnia, hair loss, and other problems.
When Western medicines are being used to treat hepatitis B one after another, and the fight against hepatitis B is in a state of "stalemate and bitter struggle" or "small steps forward", you might as well jump out and see if there are other ways, such as Chinese herbal medicine.
Chinese herbal medicines and their extracts are used in anti-virus and anti-cancer applications, and have been proven to be effective. For example, Chinese herbal medicine extracts have overcome the world's most difficult problem malaria , and the cure rate for some acute leukemias is as high as over 90%. Many of the first-line anti-cancer chemotherapy drugs also come from traditional Chinese medicine extracts. In recent years, Japanese research has found that the traditional Chinese medicine Ephedra has a prominent effect on inhibiting hepatitis B virus replication, and clinical trials are under way.
Hepatitis B antiviral treatment currently has four key points and breakthroughs:
1, inhibiting hepatitis B virus replication , which revolves around polymerase.
2, breaking the hepatitis B virus replication template , focusing on the hepatitis B virus.
3. Digging out the parent body of hepatitis B virus, , is the core of eradicating the disease.
4. Start with from immunity or suppression. This is a new idea.
Western medicine, as a chemically synthesized drug, mainly targets one of the joints. For example, oral drugs currently mainly inhibit virus replication, while others are helpless. There is a problem of one-on-one. As for Chinese herbal medicine, which contains a variety of substances, it may form a "group fight" and "multi-pronged approach" against hepatitis B virus.
However, the use of Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of hepatitis B has long been unpopular and unpopular. In the industry, it is mostly used for regulating hepatitis B patients, reducing jaundice, choleretic, slowing down fibrosis , etc. In-depth research on its ingredients and action targets has stalled, and there are five outstanding problems:
1. Lack of recognition, which is emotional support;
2. Lack of evidence, which is the core element;
3. Lack of funds, which is the source of motivation. ;
4. Lack of talents, this is the most critical condition;
5. Counterfeit medicines, counterfeit medicines, fake experts, and bad doctors have been repeatedly banned, and there are many victims.
Therefore, Chinese herbal medicine and its active ingredients are used for antiviral treatment of hepatitis B. It is a new choice in the current dilemma and a new direction that may lead to miracles. However, there are many difficulties to overcome and there is a long way to go.
